A avaliação do desenvolvimento do Aedes aegypti em duas estações do ano: influência de diferentes locais e densidades

Aedes aegypti is an important vector in Brazil being the main vector of the dengue-fever. This paper employs survival curves to describe the time in days from larvae to adult forms of Aedes aegypti raised, individually and collectively, and compares it during winter and spring when positioned inside and outside a laboratory. The study was conducted in São Vicente, a coastal city in Southeastern Brazil. The lowest water temperature in winter and in spring was 20 °C and the highest was 26 °C in spring. Higher and more stable temperatures were measured in the intra compared to the peri in both seasons. Consequently, larvae positioned in the intra resulted in the lowest median time to develop in the individual and collective experiment (nine and ten days, respectively). At least 25% of the larvae positioned in the intra in the individual experiment in the spring took only seven days to reach adulthood. Sex ratios and the median time development by sex did not show significant differences. These results indicate that efforts to control Aedes aegypti must be continuous and directed mainly to prevent the intra-domiciliary sites that can be infested in a week in order to reduce the human-vector contact.Foram utilizadas curvas de sobrevida para analisar o tempo de desenvolvimento do Aedes aegypti, principal vetor da dengue no Brasil. Foram comparadas as curvas de sobrevida dos vetores criados individualmente e coletivamente quando posicionados dentro e fora do laboratório no inverno e na primavera. O estudo foi realizado em São Vicente, cidade costeira do sudeste do Brasil. A temperatura mínima da água atingiu 20 °C no inverno e na primavera, e a máxima 26 °C na primavera. As temperaturas mais elevadas e estáveis foram medidas dentro do laboratório em comparação com as medidas fora em ambas as estações. Consequentemente as larvas posicionadas dentro apresentaram menor tempo mediano de desenvolvimento no experimento individual e coletivo (nove e dez dias, respectivamente). Pelo menos 25% das larvas criadas individualmente dentro do laboratório levaram apenas sete dias para atingir a forma adulta. As proporções macho/fêmea e o tempo de desenvolvimento por sexo não diferiu significativamente. Estes resultados indicam que as medidas para controlar o Aedes aegypti e reduzir o contato humano com o vetor devem ser contínuas e dirigidas, principalmente para os locais dentro dos domicílios uma vez que o ciclo do vetor pode durar apenas uma semana nestes locais

CINE HOLLIÚDY: FILME NACIONAL LEGENDADO EM PORTUGUÊS?

This article aims to analyze, through sociolinguistics, the process that led to the labeling of the Brazilian film Cine Holliúdy (2013), directed by Halder Gomes. For this, we will define basic concepts to the understanding of the subject, such as, for example, language, communication and language varieties, we will provide a brief approach of the history of cinema in the world and in Brazil beyond the context of the film. All this survey will culminate in a reflection on the language unit and Brazilian marketing used in labeling the film in question.Este artigo visa a analisar, por meio da sociolinguística, o processo que levou à legendagem do filme brasileiro Cine Holliúdy (2013), do diretor Halder Gomes. Para tal, definiremos conceitos básicos para a compreensão do assunto, como por exemplo, língua, comunicação e variedades linguísticas, apresentaremos uma breve abordagem da história do cinema no mundo e no Brasil além do contexto do filme. Todo este levantamento culminará em uma reflexão sobre a unidade linguística brasileira e o marketing usado na legendagem da película em questão

Thalidomide modulates Mycobacterium leprae-induced NF-κB pathway and lower cytokine response

AbstractIt is widely accepted that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) plays a critical role in the development of tissue and nerve damage in leprosy and during the reactional episodes of acute inflammation. Thalidomide (N-α-phthalimidoglutarimide), a drug used to treat leprosy reaction, modulates immune response, inhibits inflammation and NF-κB activity. Here we investigated whether thalidomide inhibits NF-κB activation induced by Mycobacterium leprae, p38 and ERK1/2 MAPK activation. EMSA and supershift assays were performed to investigate NF-κB activation in response to M. leprae and its modulation following in vitro treatment with thalidomide. Luciferase assay was assayed in transfected THP-1 cells to determine NF-κB transcriptional activity. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to investigate p65 accumulation in the nucleus. Immunoblotting was used to investigate p38 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Following activation of PBMC and monocytes with M. leprae, the formation and nuclear localization of NF-κB complexes composed mainly of p65/p50 and p50/p50 dimers was observed. Induction of NF-κB activation and DNA binding activity was inhibited by thalidomide. The drug also reduced M. leprae-induced TNF-α production and inhibited p38 and ERK1/2 activation. Definition of the activation mechanisms in cells stimulated with M. leprae can lead to the development of new therapy applications to modulate NF-κB activation and to control the inflammatory manifestations due to enhanced TNF-α response as observed in leprosy and in leprosy reactions

Male Prostitution in Brazil: A Panorama of the Theoretical Production

Desde 1984, quando surge o primeiro artigo sobre a prostituição masculina no Brasil, outras pesquisas têm explorado a temática no intuito de compreender as vivências de sujeitos que optam por praticar sexo tarifado para complementar sua renda. A partir de um levantamento bibliográfico, o presente estudo encontrou quarenta e cinco produções teóricas sobre prostituição masculina no Brasil. Com as pesquisas catalogadas, foi criado um perfil sociológico do que vem sendo discutido no país. Pretendemos mostrar como esse conhecimento é organizado regionalmente no Brasil em termos de produção. Além disso, apresentaremos as transformações operadas no campo nas últimas três décadas, a partir, por exemplo, da apropriação de diferentes espaços para o desenvolvimento deste “negócio”. Por fim, daremos especial atenção às questões que perpassam sexualidade, raça, profissão e estigmatização.Since 1984, when the first article on male prostitution in Brazil was published, other researches have been exploring this issue, seeking to comprehend the life experiences of subjects that have opted to practice rated sex to complement their earnings. Through a bibliographic review, this study has found forty-five theoretical productions about male prostitution in Brazil. With the catalogued researches, we created a sociological profile of what has been discussed in the country. We intend to show how this knowledge is regionally organised in Brazil regarding its production. Also, we will present the transformations operated in the research field in the last three decades through, for example, the appropriation of different spaces for the development of this “business”. Finally, we will give special attention to issues that permeate sexuality, race, profession and stigmatization

Corpos, desejos e prazeres interditados

Este artigo é parte de uma pesquisa maior sobre o trabalho sexual de homens em Mato Grosso do Sul. Aqui problematizamos os tensionamentos entre os anunciantes e as “palavras proibidas” em um Jornal do Estado, bem como analisamos os anúncios que são publicados pelo mesmo. Em um primeiro momento, apresentamos as palavras proibidas com o propósito de compreender a polivalência dos tensionamentos e interditos nas práticas discursivas selecionadas e controladas pelo Jornal. Em um segundo momento, analisaremos nove anúncios que passaram pelo crivo do Jornal, publicados entre 2017-2019, a partir de uma leitura interseccional

Kinase Inhibitor Profile For Human Nek1, Nek6, And Nek7 And Analysis Of The Structural Basis For Inhibitor Specificity.

Human Neks are a conserved protein kinase family related to cell cycle progression and cell division and are considered potential drug targets for the treatment of cancer and other pathologies. We screened the activation loop mutant kinases hNek1 and hNek2, wild-type hNek7, and five hNek6 variants in different activation/phosphorylation statesand compared them against 85 compounds using thermal shift denaturation. We identified three compounds with significant Tm shifts: JNK Inhibitor II for hNek1(Δ262-1258)-(T162A), Isogranulatimide for hNek6(S206A), andGSK-3 Inhibitor XIII for hNek7wt. Each one of these compounds was also validated by reducing the kinases activity by at least 25%. The binding sites for these compounds were identified by in silico docking at the ATP-binding site of the respective hNeks. Potential inhibitors were first screened by thermal shift assays, had their efficiency tested by a kinase assay, and were finally analyzed by molecular docking. Our findings corroborate the idea of ATP-competitive inhibition for hNek1 and hNek6 and suggest a novel non-competitive inhibition for hNek7 in regard to GSK-3 Inhibitor XIII. Our results demonstrate that our approach is useful for finding promising general and specific hNekscandidate inhibitors, which may also function as scaffolds to design more potent and selective inhibitors.201176-9

Rest energy expenditure is decreased during the acute as compared to the recovery phase of sepsis in newborns

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Little is known with respect to the metabolic response and the requirements of infected newborns. Moreover, the nutritional needs and particularly the energy metabolism of newborns with sepsis are controversial matter. In this investigation we aimed to evaluate the rest energy expenditure (REE) of newborns with bacterial sepsis during the acute and the recovery phases.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We studied nineteen neonates (27.3 ± 17.2 days old) with bacterial sepsis during the acute phase and recovery of their illness. REE was determined by indirect calorimetry and VO₂and VCO₂measured by gas chromatography.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>REE significantly increased from 49.4 ± 13.1 kcal/kg/day during the acute to 68.3 ± 10.9 kcal/kg/day during recovery phase of sepsis (P < 0.01). Similarly, VO₂(7.4 ± 1.9 <it>vs </it>10 ± 1.5 ml/kg/min) and VCO₂(5.1 ± 1.7 <it>vs </it>7.4 ± 1.5 ml/kg/min) were also increased during the course of the disease (P < 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>REE was increased during recovery compared to the sepsis phase. REE of septic newborns should be calculated on individualized basis, bearing in mind their metabolic capabilities.</p

Usefulness of aqueous and vitreous humor analysis in infectious uveitis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of intraocular fluid analysis as a diagnostic aid for uveitis. METHODS: Twenty-eight samples (27 patients including 3 HIV-infected patients) with active (n=24) or non-active (n=4) uveitis were submitted to aqueous (AH; n=12) or vitreous humor (VH) analysis (n=16). All samples were analyzed by quantitative PCR for herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Toxoplasma gondii. RESULTS: The positivity of the PCR in AH was 41.7% (5/12), with 50% (2/4) in immunocompetent and 67% (2/3) in HIV+ patients. The positivity of the PCR in VH was 31.2% (5/16), with 13% (1/8) in immunocompetent and 50% (4/8) in immunosuppressed HIV negative patients. The analysis was a determinant in the diagnostic definition in 58% of HA and 50% of VH. CONCLUSION: Even in posterior uveitis, initial AH analysis may be helpful. A careful formulation of possible clinical diagnosis seems to increase the chance of intraocular sample analysis being meaningful

FACTORS RELATED TO DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN OLDER ADULTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

Objective: to identify the factors related to depressive symptoms in older adults with Diabetes Mellitus.Method: a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach conducted with 144 older adults registered in 72 Family Health units from the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. The data were collected from September to December 2019, using an instrument to obtain information referring to the sociodemographic and clinical profile and the Geriatric Depression Scale by means of descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: it was observed that 75.7% of the diabetic older adults did not present depressive symptoms. There was a significant association between depressive symptoms and the following variables: personal income (p=0.044), type of income (p=0.020), dyslipidemia (p=0.038), diabetes complications (p=0.045) and retinopathy (p=0.033).Conclusion: the social and health factors, as well as those related to diabetes, can exert negative influences on older adults' psychological state and favor the onset of depressive symptoms