Hypersensitivity in teeth affected by molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH)

Tooth hypersensitivity is a common symptom in patients with molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Therefore, this clinical study aimed to assess potential associations between patient- and tooth-related variables and the intensity of hypersensitivity in MIH-affected permanent teeth compared to healthy controls. Fifty-seven MIH patients and 20 healthy adolescents with a total of 350 MIH-affected and 193 healthy teeth were included in this study. The intensity of hypersensitivity was measured after cold air stimulation using the Schiff Cold Air Sensitivity Scale (SCASS) by the dentist and visual analogue scale (VAS) by the patient. Tooth hypersensitivity was low in non-MIH teeth (97.9% of the group had zero SCASS and VAS values). In contrast, MIH-affected teeth with demarcated opacities and atypical restorations had moderate SCASS and VAS values, whereas teeth with enamel breakdown were mostly linked to severe hypersensitivity. The logistic regression model confirmed a significantly lower level of hypersensitivity in MIH patients aged ≥ 8~years (OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01-0.50, p = 0.009) and higher levels in molar teeth (OR 5.49, 95% CI 1.42-21.27, p = 0.014) and teeth with enamel disintegration (OR 4.61, 95% CI 1.68-12.63, p = 0.003). These results indicate that MIH-related tooth hypersensitivity seems to be present in disintegrated molars immediately after tooth eruption

MECHATRONICS ASSISTED ARCHICTETURE

Abstract This article will be giving an overview about the technological structure of the futuristic home environments which are basically a combinations of smart environments, sustainable environments, communicable environments, Artificial Intelligence, in cooperation with mechatronic systems. These futuristic environments can be considered as a solution for the expected problems like energy crisis, healthcare & wellness of the human beings in their home environment. The introduction of sensors and comunication technologies can be seen as a platform or base towards the implementation of intelligent and interacting systems, such as service and maintenance robots

Comparison of four different treatment strategies in teeth with molar-incisor hypomineralization-related enamel breakdown–A retrospective cohort study

Background There is little information available on the longevity of non-invasive glass ionomer cement (GIC) and composite restorations as well as conventional composite and ceramic restorations placed on permanent teeth with enamel breakdowns due to molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Aim To compare the longevity of the abovementioned treatment procedures. Design Of 377 identified MIH patients, 118 individuals received restorative treatment and were invited for clinical examination, including caries and MIH status. Finally, survival data from 204 MIH-related restorations placed on 127 teeth were retrospectively collected from 52 children, monitored between 2010 and 2018. Descriptive and explorative analyses were performed, including Kaplan-Meier estimators and the Cox regression model. Results The mean patient observation time was 42.9 months (SD = 35.1). The cumulative survival probabilities after 36 months—7.0% (GIC, N = 28), 29.9% (non-invasive composite restoration, N = 126), 76.2% (conventional composite restoration, N = 27) and 100.0% (ceramic restoration, N = 23)—differed significantly in the regression analysis. Conclusions Conventional restorations were associated with moderate-to-high survival rates in MIH teeth. In contrast, non-invasive composite restorations, which were predominately used in younger or less cooperative children, were linked to lower survival rates

Compacted and Industrially Customizable Ambient Intelligent Service Units: Typology, Examples and Performance

With fast proceeding demographic change, lack of qualified nursing staff and costs explosion concerning our health and welfare systems, new methods have to be developed to support elderly people in their home environment with ambient integrated and intelligent assistance/service technologies. Service units and related typologies presented in this paper are adding new layers of functionalities to conventional home care environments. To simplify implementation, service units shift the complexity arising with more and more complex high-tech buildings to a compact entity/unit which could be industrially prefabricated/customized and equipped with various assistance technologies in a controlled factory environment. Moreover, service units can be installed within new or existing buildings rapidly and with minimized effort as an additional building submodule

Identification of Usage Scenarios for Robotic Exoskeletons in the Context of the Hong Kong Construction Industry

Exoskeletons can be seen as an archetype of a truly sustainable manufacturing technology since they empower human beings rather than aiming at their substitution. Exoskeletons have been characterized by rapid technological advances in the last decade, as well as an increase of activities attempting to develop feasible usage scenarios for many industries. However, usage concepts for this technology in the construction industry are still rare. This contrasts with the fact that exoskeletons are theoretically ideal for labor intensive industries such as construction. Therefore, in the study presented in this paper, we made a first attempt to conceptually bridge the gap between exoskeleton typologies and construction tasks so as to provide guidance for future target oriented scenarios and technology development. We utilized the Hong Kong housing construction industry as a case study. Consequently, we developed a construction specific classification of exoskeletons and analyzed the suitability and applicability of the resulting exoskeleton types for Hong Kong’s housing construction tasks. Our study identified, amongst others, hotspot task areas with high appropriateness for exoskeleton use, task areas with similar needs and usage patterns regarding exoskeletons. Furthermore, our study sheds light on the regimes and rationales behind the identified appropriateness levels. Based on our findings, a set of basic guidelines was developed to support and govern future research and development activities targeting the exoskeleton usage in construction

Automatisierung und Robotik im Bauwesen: Integrierte Automatisierte Hochbaustellen

Die Dissertation untersucht das Phänomen der integrierten automatisierten Hochbaustellen. Diese sind für F&E zunehmend von besonderem Interesse, da sie auf der Baustelle eingesetzt werden können. Eine vergleichende Analyse von 140 Baurobotersystemen sowie aller weltweit eingesetzten 30 automatisierten Feldfabriken bildet die Grundlage in der Dissertation. Aufbauend darauf werden Ansätze für eine noch konsequentere Umsetzung dieser Verfahrensweise entwickelt und diskutiert.This thesis discusses the development of integrated automated construction sites. The approach is of particular interest for R&D as it allows the utilization of machine technology directly on the construction site. A comparative analysis of 140 Singe Task Construction Robots as well as all (30 so far, worldwide) developed Automated/Robotic On-site Factories serves in the dissertation as basis for the exploration and discussion of even more radical future solutions