Safe routes to school: leads to greater collaboration with public health and school officials

"Safe Routes to School is a collaborative effort involving multiple organizations, and has been integral in increasing partnerships between public health and school state-level officials as evidenced by the statewide case studies from California, Massachusetts, Mississippi and Oklahoma. The statewide case studies provided numerous examples of state level collaboration among officials that are resulting in important policy changes. Safe Routes to School has brought together Departments of Education and Public Health on Task Forces, Advisory Committees, Project Selection Committees and Project Development Committees. Working together on advancing SRTS on these committees has resulted in increased communications and understanding between the agencies, relationship building, opening communication channels and increased opportunities to spread a unified message about SRTS to make sure it is a successful program."Text document in PDF format.Cover title.Title from PDF title page (viewed on April 2, 2009)."Prepared by the Safe Routes to School National Partnership for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by Brooke Driesse.""December 2008."Mode of access: World Wide Web.Includes bibliographical references

Foreword

This edited volume presents the proceedings of the 20th CIRP LCE Conference, which cover various areas in life cycle engineering such as life cycle design, end-of-life management, manufacturing processes, manufacturing systems, methods and tools for sustainability, social sustainability, supply chain management, remanufacturing

Dispute Resolution under a North American Free Trade Agreement

dispute resolution and North American Free Trade Are

Towards a Roadmap for a Resource Efficient and Effective Manufacturing Industry in Sweden

The transition to a resource efficient economy that makes effective use of raw materials and energy is a multi-level dynamic process requiring a wide systems perspective. To operationalize this transition in a holistic manner, the concept of Circular Economy (CE) has been championed by major economies around the world. The idea with CE is to strive towards maximizing the utilization of products, components and materials and their embedded material value throughout the economy, generating the lowest possible amount of loss and waste in relation to the obtained value. This contribution presents the main elements for a transition roadmap towards CE in the Swedish manufacturing sector. This paper presents (i) a baseline of resource efficiency operations in Sweden and existing strategies for CE transition in the EU; (ii) outlines major areas of opportunity for the Swedish manufacturing sector to innovate and create resource efficient and effective solutions; (iii) identifies a variety of stakeholders that are required to intervene in different levels (local/regional/national/international, as well as public/private), scales and timeframes; and (iv) presents a comprehensive set of actions and policies, including monitoring and evaluation, as a direct recommendation to political and business actors in Sweden. Finally, milestones are defined and a timeframe for the roadmap is proposed

Depth probing of the hydride formation process in thin Pd films by combined electrochemistry and fiber optics-based in situ UV/vis spectroscopy

We demonstrate a flexible combined electrochemistry and fiber optics-based in situ UV/vis spectroscopy setup to gain insight into the depth evolution of electrochemical hydride and oxide formation in Pd films with thicknesses of 20 and 100 nm. The thicknesses of our model systems are chosen such that the films are thinner or significantly thicker than the optical skin depth of Pd to create two distinctly different situations. Low power white light is irradiated on the sample and analyzed in three different configurations; transmittance through, and, reflectance from the front and the back side of the film. The obtained optical sensitivities correspond to fractions of a monolayer of adsorbed or absorbed hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) on Pd. Moreover, a combined simultaneous readout obtained from the different optical measurement configurations provides mechanistic insights into the depth-evolution of the studied hydrogenation and oxidation processes

Industrial Cleaning with ultra-clean water according to the Qlean-method -a case study of printed circuit boards

ABSTRACT The manufacturing industry today uses many kinds of chemicals in its cleaning processes. The industrial cleaners often contain some sort of degreasing chemical to clean parts and components before the main processes, for instance assembly or surface treatment. These types of cleaning methods are often expensive and involve hazardous handling of chemicals in manufacturing, as well as in the transportation of hazardous waste. In addition, the cleaning processes often use a substantial amount of energy for cleaning. The aim of this paper is to explore how ultra-clean water cleaning, using a method called Qlean, can be applied in the manufacturing industry. In order to meet this aim, a case study was conducted at Flextronics, in Karlskrona, Sweden. The data for this research was collected through interviews and functional tests at different industries, which then was analysed further. The results from this research show that using solvent-free industrial cleaning with ultraclean water is beneficial from the perspectives of quality, environment and business. The quality improvement derived from using solvent-free industrial cleaning in the case of cleaning printed circuit boards was the most important benefit

How Virtual Reality is used when involving healthcare staff in the design process

The design process of a new hospital is often recognized as a complex task involving a diverse group of actors. The most common information media used today are project related documents and drawings. Hospital users\ub4 ability to interpret information through these varies. This affects the design feedback from users. However, an increasing use of Virtual Reality (VR) support possibilities to facilitate better understanding. This paper presents six case studies of hospital design projects, where VR has been used with the purpose of involving end-users, investigating how and when VR has been implemented and which effects and experiences that could be noted.The findings show different levels of involvement, engagement, collaboration, and interactivity. Using VR contributes throughout the design process but is dependent on purpose and setup. Furthermore, there is a strong connection between engagement and the interactivity of the VR model