Von und durch Neid erzählen: Rhetoriken des Neids in Konrads Engelhard

In academic debates of the 12th and 13th centuries, accusing one’s opponent of envy became a widespread feature. In the tradition of Roman literature, which connected virtus and invidia, the envy-reproach device was used to discredit critics as well as to strengthen one’s own position in intellectual discussions. This ‚rhetoric of envy‘ was soon taken up in vernacular literature. Existing research has shown that envy was invoked in prologues and epilogues as a means for an author to secure a favorable reception of his work. This essay argues that envy was also used to direct the reader’s understanding of the histoire. By examining how and when the narrator talks about envy in Konrad’s Engelhard, I aim to show that envy reshapes the ethics of the narrative: In the trial scene truthful accusations are transformed into envious speech acts. Envy shifts attention from the transgression of the protagonist to the moral failure of the antagonist. To conclude, I suggest the wider relevance of this special form of strategic narration by comparing Engelhard with other texts that involve the trial of a protagonist

Síntese, estrutura e propriedades magnéticas da série de compostos Yb2ZrxTi2xO7

The series of novel compounds Yb2ZrxTi2xO7, with composition ranging from x = 0.0 to x = 2.0, were synthesized by the solid-state reaction and by the sol-gel method. The structures of the compounds were investigated using x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Pure phase samples could not be synthesized by the solid-state reaction, except for Yb2Ti2O7. The sol-gel samples did form pure phases, although with an increased degree of structural disorder. Along the Yb2ZrxTi2xO7 series the structure ranges from an ordered pyrochlore, for x 0.5, to a disordered fluorite, for x = 1.0, 1.5, and finally to the rhombohedral -phase, for x = 2.0. The morphotropic transition from pyrochlore to fluorite occurs in the range 0.5 < x < 1.0, somewhat less than the value predicted by the structural tolerance factor, x = 1.21. The intermediate compositions, close to the morphotropic phase boundary, exhibit either structural distortions or short-range local order that does not extend to the long-range crystal structure. Low temperature magnetization and AC magnetic susceptibility measurements were used to characterize the magnetic ground state of these magnetically frustrated compounds. The transition to long range magnetic order is suppressed with increasing structural disorder, suggesting an increase in magnetic frustration and possible stabilization of a spin liquid ground state for Yb2Zr2O7.A série de novos compostos Yb2ZrxTi2xO7, com composição variando de x = 0.0 a x = 2.0, foi sintetizada pela reação no estado sólido e pelo método sol-gel. As estruturas dos compostos foram investigadas por difração de raios-x, espectroscopia Raman e microscopia eletrônica. Amostras de fase pura não puderam ser sintetizadas pela reação de estado sólido, exceto para Yb2Ti2O7. As amostras sol-gel formaram fases puras, embora com maior grau de desordem estrutural. Ao longo da série Yb2ZrxTi2xO7 a estrutura varia de um pirocloro ordenado, para x 0.5, a uma fluorita desordenada, para x = 1.0, 1.5, e finalmente à fase , para x = 2.0. A transição morfotrópica de pirocloro para fluorita ocorre na faixa 0.5 < x < 1.0, um pouco menor que o valor previsto pelo fator de tolerância estrutural, x = 1.21. As composições intermediárias, próximas à fronteira morfotrópica, exibem distorções estruturais ou ordem local de curto alcance que não se estende à estrutura cristalina de longo alcance. Medições de magnetização de baixa temperatura e suscetibilidade magnética AC foram usadas para caracterizar o estado fundamental magnético desses compostos magnéticos frustrados. A transição para ordem magnética de longo alcance é suprimida com o aumento da desordem estrutural, sugerindo um aumento na frustração magnética e possível estabilização de um estado fundamental líquido de spin para Yb2Zr2O7

Von und durch Neid erzählen. Rhetoriken des Neids in Konrads <i>Engelhard</i>

In academic debates of the 12th and 13th centuries, accusing one’s opponent of envy became a widespread feature. In the tradition of Roman literature, which connected virtus and invidia, the envy-reproach device was used to discredit critics as well as to strengthen one’s own position in intellectual discussions. This ‘rhetoric of envy’ was soon taken up in vernacular literature. Existing research has shown that envy was invoked in prologues and epilogues as a means for an author to secure a favorable reception of his work. This essay argues that envy was also used to direct the reader’s understanding of the histoire. By examining how and when the narrator talks about envy in Konrad’s Engelhard, I aim to show that envy reshapes the ethics of the narrative: In the trial scene, truthful accusations are transformed into envious speech acts. Envy shifts attention from the transgression of the protagonist to the moral failure of the antagonist. To conclude, I suggest the wider relevance of this special form of strategic narration by comparing Engelhard with other texts that involve the trial of a protagonist

Programm des Königlichen Realgymnasiums München : für das Schuljahr ... / Studien zu den Proömien in der griechischen und byzantinischen Geschichtschreibung

von Heinrich LieberichMünchen, Kgl. Realgymnasiums, Programm ...Erschienen: Teil 1 -