The effect of intense external influences on the structure and properties of alloys

For the production of special high-wire thin and very thin sections austenitic steel has been widely adopted.Developed carbon-free highly alloyed Fe-Cr-Ni based steel in the quenched condition has a high plasticity,manufacturability and low strength. High adaptability of these steels allowed conducting extensive plasticdeformation as shear under pressure and drawing. Prerequisite for a high plasticity and adaptability of thedeveloped steels are: their doping with low carbon, 0.03% C, as well as cobalt and nickel content, whichincrease the plasticity of steels. Secondly, the presence of strain-metastable austenite, which during severeplastic deformation is almost completely transformed into deformation martensite and the related TRIP-effect.Especially important is the fact that thanks to high steels manufacturability, the effect of severe plasticdeformation leads to the formation of submicro- and nanocrystalline structure (mainly with high-anglemisorientations at grain boundaries with high strength) in long workpieces. The aging of the deformed steelscauses an additional increase of mechanical properties, which is associated with the occurrence of asupersaturated BCC solid solution (strain martensite). The resulting allocation of intermetallic phase NiAl isnanocrystalline, which is especially important in obtaining the finest wire diameters. It should be noted thatageing can be performed on finished products

Sperm phenotypes in varicocele [Фенотип сперматозоидов при варикоцеле]

The study objective is to microscopically evaluate the morphology of sperm in patients with varicocele after surgical treatment and therapy with Prostatilen® AC. Materials and methods. The treatment group included 20 males between 26 and 45 years of age (mean age 31.6 ± 6.1 years) with various stages of varicocele and fertility problems; among them, 10 patients with subclinical stages of varicocele received conservative treatment with Prostatilen® AC (group 1) and were examined before and after the treatment; 10 males with infertility caused in part by varicocele of the spermatic cord veins were examined 6 months to 3 years after surgical treatment (group 2). Standard clinical and lab tests, sperm analysis, electron microscopy of the ejaculate were performed. The control group included 65 fertile males whose sperm samples were obtained from a bank of reproductive cells and tissues and used for comparison in microscopic examination. Results. In patients who received conservative treatment the number of sperm with immature chromatin decreased (p = 0.045) compared to the control group. This characteristic differed in patients after varicocelectomy and patients after conservative treatment (p = 0.037). Compared to control, the number of sperm with excess residual cytoplasm in the head and neck was higher in patients after varicocelectomy (p = 0.011). After conservative treatment, the number of sperm with excess residual cytoplasm was close to the control number and lower than in patients after varicocelectomy (р = 0.028). Conclusion. In patients with subclinical varicocele, conservative treatment with Prostatilen® AC leads to significant improvement in sperm ultrastructure compared to patients who underwent surgery to treat this pathology. © 2019 Andrologia i Genital'naa Hirurgia. All rights reserved

Features of Anemia Pathogenesis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C, Receiving Combination Antiviral Therapy

The use of combination antiviral therapy enables to achieve sustained virologic response in patients with chronic hepatitis C, but in some patients side effects occur during treatment. A special place among the undesirable manifestations of specific therapy for chronic hepatitis C take hematologic syndromes. In this paper we study some features of the pathogenesis of anemia that develops in patients with chronic hepatitis C receiving antiviral drugs

Teaching the scientific style of the Russian language (Mathematics, Chemistry, Physics) to Foreign students at the university

This article is concerned with main problems of teaching the scientific style to foreign students. There is a need for careful selection of educational material when the teacher thinks over a particular algorithm for working with text in a foreign language using scientific and professional terms, basic grammatical and syntactical models that are typical of the Russian language. In a certain linguistic environment, nonative speakers actively acquire strong knowledge, eliminating linguistic difficulties during professionaloriented lessons. © 2018. revistaESPACIOS.com.Este artículo trata sobre los principales problemas de la enseñanza del estilo científico a estudiantes extranjeros. Existe la necesidad de una selección cuidadosa del material educativo cuando el profesor piensa en un algoritmo particular para trabajar con texto en una lengua extranjera utilizando términos científicos y profesionales, modelos gramaticales y sintácticos básicos que son típicos de la lengua rusa. En un entorno lingüístico determinado, los hablantes no nativos adquieren activamente un conocimiento sólido, eliminando las dificultades lingüísticas durante las lecciones orientadas a profesionales. © 2018. revistaESPACIOS.com

Comparison of the effectiveness of medications containing a combination of zinc and arginine for treatment of male infertility [Сравнение эффективности препаратов, содержащих комбинацию аргинина и цинка, в лечении мужского бесплодия]

The study objective is to perform clinical laboratory evaluation of the effectiveness of Prostatilen® AC and Arginine-zinc in treatment of patients with sperm pathology and concomitant varicocele and chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients between 23 and 46 years of age. The first group included 30 patients (15 patients with varicocele and 15 patients with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis) who received Prostatilen® AC. The second group included 30 patients (15 patients with varicocele and 15 patients with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis) who received Arginine-zinc. Therapy duration was 20 days. Standard clinical and laboratory examination, spermiologic examination as well as measurement of antisperm antibodies, DNA fragmentation, oxidative stress level, cryotest, electron microscopy examination of the ejaculate were performed. Results. Five (5) days after the end of therapy, percentage of progressive motile sperm increased by 62 % in the Prostatilen® AC patient group with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (р <0.001) compared to the baseline, and by only 10 % in the Arginine-zinc patient group. Administration of Prostatilen® AC lead to a more significant decrease of reactive oxygen intermediates in the ejaculate (р <0.001) and percentage of sperm with fragmented DNA (р <0.001) compared to administration of Arginine-zinc. The applied treatment schemes had no significant effect on the number of sperm with acrosomal hypoplasia. An anti-inflammatory effect of Prostatilen® AC was also identified (decreased number of leukocytes in sperm). During the study, 3 cases of adverse effects were registered: 1 after administration of Prostatilen® AC and 2 after administration of Arginine-zinc. Conclusion. Prostatilen® AC can be considered more effective and safer compared to Arginine-zinc for 20-day administration. In patients with sperm pathology, it more effectively improves sperm characteristics: increases sperm motility, sperm morphology, decreases DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress levels. © 2020 ABV-Press Publishing House. All right reserved