13,069 research outputs found
Separation of Carbon from Deinking Waste by Means of Flotation
The technique of froth flotation, as practiced in the separation of mineral ores, has been applied to the separation of carbon black from the deinking waste of the paper industry.
On the theory that carbon black (from ink) has a positive charge in water, and clay and cellulose fibers have negative charges in water, experiments were of two types. First, it was attempted to float the carbon from the clay and cellulose fibers. Second, it was attempted to float the clay and cellulose fibers from the carbon.
Several possible formulas were found for separating carbon black from deinking waste. Favorable results were obtained in both types of experiments
Spherically symmetric model stellar atmospheres and limb darkening II: limb-darkening laws, gravity-darkening coefficients and angular diameter corrections for FGK dwarf stars
Limb darkening is a fundamental ingredient for interpreting observations of
planetary transits, eclipsing binaries, optical/infrared interferometry and
microlensing events. However, this modeling traditionally represents limb
darkening by a simple law having one or two coefficients that have been derived
from plane-parallel model stellar atmospheres, which has been done by many
researchers. More recently, researchers have gone beyond plane-parallel models
and considered other geometries. We previously studied the limb-darkening
coefficients from spherically symmetric and plane-parallel model stellar
atmospheres for cool giant and supergiant stars, and in this investigation we
apply the same techniques to FGK dwarf stars. We present limb-darkening
coefficients, gravity-darkening coefficients and interferometric angular
diameter corrections from Atlas and SAtlas model stellar atmospheres. We find
that sphericity is important even for dwarf model atmospheres, leading to
significant differences in the predicted coefficients.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in A&
Limb Darkening and Planetary Transits II: Intensity profile correction factors for a grid of model stellar atmospheres
The ability to observe extrasolar planets transiting their stars has
profoundly changed our understanding of these planetary systems. However, these
measurements depend on how well we understand the properties of the host star,
such as radius, luminosity and limb darkening. Traditionally, limb darkening is
treated as a parameterization in the analysis, but these simple
parameterizations are not accurate representations of actual center-to-limb
intensity variations (CLIV) to the precision needed for interpreting these
transit observations. This effect leads to systematic errors for the measured
planetary radii and corresponding measured spectral features. We compute
synthetic planetary transits using model stellar atmosphere CLIV and
corresponding best-fit limb-darkening laws for a grid spherically symmetric
model stellar atmospheres. From these light curves we measure the differences
in flux as a function of the star's effective temperature, gravity, mass, and
the inclination of the planet's orbit.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, submitted to AAS journals. Comments welcom
Invariant Variation Problems
The problems in variation here concerned are such as to admit a continuous
group (in Lie's sense); the conclusions that emerge from the corresponding
differential equations find their most general expression in the theorems
formulated in Section 1 and proved in following sections. Concerning these
differential equations that arise from problems of variation, far more precise
statements can be made than about arbitrary differential equations admitting of
a group, which are the subject of Lie's researches. What is to follow,
therefore, represents a combination of the methods of the formal calculus of
variations with those of Lie's group theory. For special groups and problems in
variation, this combination of methods is not new; I may cite Hamel and
Herglotz for special finite groups, Lorentz and his pupils (for instance
Fokker), Weyl and Klein for special infinite groups. Especially Klein's second
Note and the present developments have been mutually influenced by each other,
in which regard I may refer to the concluding remarks of Klein's Note.Comment: M. A. Tavel's English translation of Noether's Theorems (1918),
reproduced by Frank Y. Wang. Thanks to Lloyd Kannenberg for corrigend
Psychological and physiological correlates of stress: Performance on a cooperative task
The relationship of personality dimensions to performance was investigated. The personality measure used to select subjects, the Barratt impulsiveness scale, is hypothesized to be related to a style of behavior which should affect the trend of choices which various subjects will make. Personality dimensions were specifically examined during performance of a cooperative task, the Prisoner's Dilemma
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