Vaccination of chickens decreased Newcastle disease virus contamination in eggs

<p>Newcastle disease is an important health issue of poultry causing major economic losses and inhibits trade worldwide. Vaccination is used as a control measure, but it is unknown whether vaccination will prevent virus contamination of eggs. In this study, hens were sham-vaccinated or received one or two doses of inactivated LaSota vaccine, followed three weeks later by virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) challenge. Eggs were collected daily and shell, albumen and yolk were subjected to virus isolation, as were oral and cloacal swabs at 2 and 4 days post-challenge (dpc). A second experiment evaluated the distribution of the virus in the reproductive tract of non-vaccinates. All vaccinated chickens survived challenge, and the levels of virus shed from cloacal swabs were decreased significantly when compared to shams. In non-vaccinated hens, virus was detected in the ovary and all segments of the oviduct. Yolk, albumen and eggshell surface from eggs laid at day 4 and 5 post-infection by sham-vaccinated hens were positive for NDV, but eggs from LaSota vaccinated hens lacked virus in internal egg components (i.e. yolk and albumen) and had reduction in the number of positive eggshell surfaces. These results indicate virulent NDV can replicate in the reproductive tract of hens and contaminate internal components of eggs and eggshell surface, but vaccination was able to prevent internal egg contamination, reducing eggshell surface contamination, and reducing shedding from digestive and respiratory tracts in virulent NDV challenged hens.</p

Supplemental Material, DS1_VET_10.1177_0300985818767996 - Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Quail

<p>Supplemental Material, DS1_VET_10.1177_0300985818767996 for Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Quail by Leonardo Susta, Diego Segovia, Timothy L. Olivier, Kiril M. Dimitrov, Ismaila Shittu, Valerie Marcano, and Patti J. Miller in Veterinary Pathology</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Expression of chicken interleukin-2 by a highly virulent strain of Newcastle disease virus leads to decreased systemic viral load but does not significantly affect mortality in chickens

Summary of clinical signs and mortality in 4-week-old chickens infected with rZJ1-GFP, rZJ1-IL2, and BHI. Numbers in the cells represent the percentages of birds presenting the clinical sign over the total birds present in the group at the time. Highlighted cells represent groups where all the animals are dead. (XLSX 13 kb

Additional file 2: Table S2. of Derivation of chicken induced pluripotent stem cells tolerant to Newcastle disease virus-induced lysis through multiple rounds of infection

List of differentially expressed genes between BA3NI-I6 and BA3NI-I9-C1 (average of biological triplicates). (XLSX 189 kb

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Derivation of chicken induced pluripotent stem cells tolerant to Newcastle disease virus-induced lysis through multiple rounds of infection

List of differentially expressed genes between BA3NI-I0 and BA3NI-I6 (average of biological triplicates). (XLSX 57 kb