Adesão de mulheres ao exame papanicolau: uma revisão integrativa / Women's adherence to the pap smear: an integrative review

Introdução: o câncer de colo de útero foi apontado, no Brasil, como o terceiro tipo de câncer que mais acomete as mulheres. A atenção básica tem o objetivo de fornecer orientações a respeito da patologia e incentivar ações de prevenção como a realização do exame Papanicolau, considerado o mais efetivo para ser aplicado de modo coletivo em programas de rastreamento. Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica em relação à adesão de mulheres brasileiras ao exame Papanicolau. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, do tipo revisão integrativa. Foram incluídos artigos completos, com aderência ao objeto do estudo, em língua portuguesa, disponíveis online e publicados no período de 2012 a 2017. Foram excluídos os artigos duplicados nas bases de dados. A coleta de dados foi realizada através da busca no recurso informacional Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), nas seguintes bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysisand Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) e Banco de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF). Resultados: Na busca foram localizados14 artigos, publicados por enfermeiros e médicos, havendo mais registros no ano de 2016 e na Revista de Enfermagem UFPE online. Os artigos sinalizam que alguns fatores favorecem a adesão ao exame de Papanicolau, como o recebimento de informações antes da realização do exame, as atividades educativas e o bom atendimento pelo profissional de saúde. Existem, contudo, fatores que não favorecem e são relacionados a sentimentos negativos frente ao exame, as deficiências nos serviços de saúde e a falta de atitude por parte das mulheres. Conclusão: Os profissionais e serviços de saúde devem estar cientes dos motivos que contribuem ou não para a aderência de mulheres ao exame, para que adotem estratégias de resolutividade do problema. É oportuno, contudo, que os profissionais sensibilizem as usuárias sobre a importância do cuidado com a saúde sexual e reprodutiva, e da realização regular do exame de Papanicolau

DESAFIOS DO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM NO ENSINO SUPERIOR EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

The pandemic by Covid-19 represents one of the greatest health challenges on a global scale of this century. The coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 has its process of transmission from person to person, which occurs through the autoinoculation of the virus in mucous membranes, being social isolation its main prevention strategy. On March 19, 2020, the Ministry of Health issued an authorization authorizing the replacement of classroom classes with classes that use technological communication instruments. This is an integrative review research that aimed to identify the main challenges in the teaching-learning process in higher education from the COVID-19 pandemic and, consequently, to describe the methodological strategies facing the teaching-learning process in the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the review was carried out through the Virtual Health Library (VHL), in the following databases: LILACS, BDENF and Google Scholar, in the period of October 2020, with the keywords: COVID - 19; Higher Education; pandemic. Fifty-two articles were found, floating reading, selected 22 and only 14 articles met the proposal related to the study theme. The articles were analyzed according to the steps of Bandin's thematic analysis and evidenced two categories: Challenges in the teaching-learning process in higher education from the COVID-19 pandemic and Methodological strategies in the process of teaching-learning in the COVID pandemic -19. Finally, the study showed, through literature review, the great difficulty on the part of teachers in resonating, in an emergency way, the teaching-learning process in undergraduate courses.La pandemia por Covid-19 representa uno de los mayores desafíos sanitarios a escala global de este siglo. El coronavirus denominado SARS-CoV-2 tiene su proceso de transmisión de persona a persona, que se produce a través de la autoinoculación del virus en mucosas, siendo el aislamiento social su principal estrategia de prevención. El 19 de marzo de 2020, el Ministerio de Salud emitió una autorización que autoriza la sustitución de las clases presenciales por clases que utilizan instrumentos tecnológicos de comunicación. Se trata de una investigación de revisión integradora que tuvo como objetivo identificar los principales desafíos en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la educación superior a partir de la pandemia de COVID-19 y, en consecuencia, describir las estrategias metodológicas que enfrenta el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la pandemia de COVID-19. Así, la revisión se realizó a través de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), en las siguientes bases de datos: LILACS, BDENF y Google Scholar, en el periodo de octubre de 2020, con las palabras clave: COVID - 19; Educación Superior; Pandemia. Se encontraron cincuenta y dos artículos, lectura flotante, se seleccionaron 22 y sólo 14 artículos cumplieron con la propuesta relacionada con el tema de estudio. Los artículos fueron analizados de acuerdo con los pasos del análisis temático de Bandin y evidenciaron dos categorías: Desafíos en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la educación superior a partir de la pandemia de COVID-19 y Estrategias metodológicas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la pandemia de COVID -19. Finalmente.A pandemia por Covid-19 representa um dos maiores desafios sanitários em escala mundial deste século. O coronavírus denominado SARS-CoV-2 tem seu processo de transmissão de pessoa para pessoa, que se dá por meio da autoinoculação do vírus em membranas mucosas, sendo o isolamento social sua principal estratégia de prevenção. O ministério da saúde, em 19 de março de 2020 se pronunciou autorizando substituição das aulas presenciais por aulas que utilizem instrumentos tecnológicos de comunicação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa que objetivou em identificar os principiais desafios no processo de ensino-aprendizagem no ensino superior advindas da pandemia da COVID-19 e consequentemente, descrever as estratégias metodológicas frente processo de ensino-aprendizagem na pandemia da COVID -19. Assim a revisão foi realizada através da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), nas seguintes bases de dados: LILACS, BDENF e Google Acadêmico, no período de outubro de 2020, com as palavras-chave: COVID – 19; Educação Superior; Pandemia. Foram localizados 52 artigos, realizado leitura flutuante, selecionado 22 e apenas 14 artigos atendiam a proposto a relacionado à temática do estudo. Os artigos foram analisados segundo os passos da análise temática de Bandin e evidenciaram duas categorias: Desafios no processo de ensino-aprendizagem no ensino superior advindas da pandemia da COVID-19 e Estratégias metodológicas frente processo de ensino-aprendizagem na pandemia da COVID -19. Por fim, o estudo evidenciou, através da revisão de literatura, a grande dificuldade.

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2008

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq