722 research outputs found
Introduction to International Law
At the outset, I shall talk a little bit about what we might call the cultural setting of international law, which I think is sometimes overlooked nowadays. In doing so, I will try to avoid extremes. I will not be overoptimistic and I will not be overpessimistic
Kaplan & Katzenbach: The Political Foundations of International Law
A Review of The Political Foundations of International Law. By Morton A. Kaplan and Nicholas deB. Katzenbach
Relativistic tunneling through opaque barriers
We propose an analytical study of relativistic tunneling through opaque
barriers. We obtain a closed formula for the phase time. This formula is in
excellent agreement with the numerical simulations and corrects the standard
formula obtained by the stationary phase method. An important result is found
when the upper limit of the incoming energy distribution coincides with the
upper limit of the tunneling zone. In this case, the phase time is proportional
to the barrier width.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure
Effect of electron-phonon interaction on the formation of one-dimensional electronic states in coupled Cl vacancies
The formation of extended electron states in one-dimensional nanostructures
is of key importance for the function of molecular electronics devices. Here we
study the effects of strong electron-phonon interaction on the formation of
extended electronic states in intentionally created Cl vacancy pairs and chains
in a NaCl bilayer on Cu(111). The interaction between the vacancies was
tailored by fabricating vacancy pairs and chains of different orientation and
separation with atomic precision using vertical manipulation. Small separation
of divacancies led to the formation of symmetric and antisymmetric vacancy
states and localized interface-states. By scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS)
we measured their energy splitting and broadening as a function of the
inter-vacancy separation. Unexpectedly, the energy splitting between the
vacancy states is enlarged by level repulsion resulting from phonon dressing of
the electronic states, as evidenced by theory. Already for a few coupled
vacancies we observe an emerging band structure of the defect band.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Dirac Equation Studies in the Tunnelling Energy Zone
We investigate the tunnelling zone V0 < E < V0+m for a one-dimensional
potential within the Dirac equation. We find the appearance of superluminal
transit times akin to the Hartman effect.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
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