The Military Profession in the Memorial Reflection of the Soldiers Serving in the Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav Garrison (1989 - 2005)

The aim of this thesis is to present the military profession in the military garrison Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav in the years 1989-2005. The research was carried out using oral history methods. The output was the memoirs of nine narrators who served in the military garrison in the researched period. These outputs were analysed and compared with available sources and thematic bibliography. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. In the theoretical part, the methodological procedures and the history of the mentioned military garrison between 1989 and 2005 are elaborated. In the empirical part, the interviews of the narrators are analysed, focusing on general topics (joining the army, basic military service, gender in the army, military maneuvers and foreign missions, etc.) and on historical milestones in the period under study (the Velvet Revolution of 1989, the disintegration of the Czechoslovak Republic in 1993, joining NATO in 1999 and the professionalisation of the Czech Army in 2005). Keywords Czech Army, professional soldier, NATO, Velvet Revolution, oral history, memory

The Military Profession in the Memorial Reflection of the Soldiers Serving in the Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav Garrison (1989 - 2005)

The aim of this thesis is to present the military profession in the military garrison Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav in the years 1989-2005. The research was carried out using oral history methods. The output was the memoirs of nine narrators who served in the military garrison in the researched period. These outputs were analysed and compared with available sources and thematic bibliography. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. In the theoretical part, the methodological procedures and the history of the mentioned military garrison between 1989 and 2005 are elaborated. In the empirical part, the interviews of the narrators are analysed, focusing on general topics (joining the army, basic military service, gender in the army, military maneuvers and foreign missions, etc.) and on historical milestones in the period under study (the Velvet Revolution of 1989, the disintegration of the Czechoslovak Republic in 1993, joining NATO in 1999 and the professionalisation of the Czech Army in 2005). Keywords Czech Army, professional soldier, NATO, Velvet Revolution, oral history, memory.Cílem této práce je představit vojenskou profesi ve vojenské posádce Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav v letech 1989-2005. Výzkum byl realizován metodami orální historie. Výstupem byly pamětnické reflexe devíti narátorů, kteří sloužili v dané vojenské posádce ve sledovaném období. Tyto výstupy byly analyzovány a komparovány s dostupnými prameny a tematickou bibliografií. Práce je rozdělena na teoretickou a empirickou část. V teoretické částí jsou zpracovány metodologické postupy a historie vojenské posádky v letech 1989 až 2005. V empirické části jsou analyzovány rozhovory narátorů se zaměřením na všeobecná témata (vstup do armády, základní vojenská služba, gender v armádě, vojenská cvičení a zahraniční mise apod.) a na historické milníky ve sledovaném období (sametová revoluce 1989, rozpad ČSFR 1993, vstup do NATO 1999 a profesionalizace Armády České republiky 2005). Klíčová slova Armáda České republiky, voják z povolání, NATO, sametová revoluce, orální historie, paměť.Programme Oral History and Contemporary HistoryProgram Orální historie - soudobé dějinyFakulta humanitních studiíFaculty of Humanitie

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults over 80 : outcome and the perception of appropriateness by clinicians

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of clinician perception of inappropriate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) regarding the last out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) encountered in an adult 80 years or older and its relationship to patient outcome. DESIGN: Subanalysis of an international multicenter cross‐sectional survey (REAPPROPRIATE). SETTING: Out‐of‐hospital CPR attempts registered in Europe, Israel, Japan, and the United States in adults 80 years or older. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 611 clinicians of whom 176 (28.8%) were doctors, 123 (20.1%) were nurses, and 312 (51.1%) were emergency medical technicians/paramedics. RESULTS AND MEASUREMENTS: The last CPR attempt among patients 80 years or older was perceived as appropriate by 320 (52.4%) of the clinicians; 178 (29.1%) were uncertain about the appropriateness, and 113 (18.5%) perceived the CPR attempt as inappropriate. The survival to hospital discharge for the “appropriate” subgroup was 8 of 265 (3.0%), 1 of 164 (.6%) in the “uncertain” subgroup, and 2 of 107 (1.9%) in the “inappropriate” subgroup (P = .23); 503 of 564 (89.2%) CPR attempts involved non‐shockable rhythms. CPR attempts in nursing homes accounted for 124 of 590 (21.0%) of the patients and were perceived as appropriate by 44 (35.5%) of the clinicians; 45 (36.3%) were uncertain about the appropriateness; and 35 (28.2%) perceived the CPR attempt as inappropriate. The survival to hospital discharge for the nursing home patients was 0 of 107 (0%); 104 of 111 (93.7%) CPR attempts involved non‐shockable rhythms. Overall, 36 of 543 (6.6%) CPR attempts were undertaken despite a known written do not attempt resuscitation decision; 14 of 36 (38.9%) clinicians considered this appropriate, 9 of 36 (25.0%) were uncertain about its appropriateness, and 13 of 36 (36.1%) considered this inappropriate. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that despite generally poor outcomes for older patients undergoing CPR, many emergency clinicians do not consider these attempts at resuscitation to be inappropriate. A professional and societal debate is urgently needed to ensure that first we do not harm older patients by futile CPR attempts. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:39–45, 201