"Die andre hebt gewaltsam sich vom Dust” ZUM TITANISMUS IN GOETHES FAUST

Treballs Finals de Grau de Llengües i Literatures Modernes: Alemany. Facultat de Filologia. Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2016-2017, Tutora: Dra. Loreto Vilar[cat] En aquest Treball de Fi de Grau es pretén identificar i estudiar alguns dels principals trets que conformen el titanisme goethià amb què el príncep dels poetes dotà el seu personatge Faust, en especial la seva aspiració a entendre el món en la seva totalitat. Amb aquesta finalitat es desenvoluparà una aproximació crítica a les escenes inicials de la primera part de Faust, corresponents a la “tragèdia del savi”, fins al pacte amb el diable Mefistòfil i el començament del seu viatge. Aquesta anàlisi es durà a terme tot després d’haver comparat el Faust de Goethe amb les primeres obres sobre Faust, concretament l’anònima Historia von D. Johann Fausten de 1587 i el drama de Christopher Marlowe, així com el personatge històric.[deu] Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit setzt sich mit dem Goethe’schen Titanismus, mit dem der Dichterfürst seinen Faust ausstattete, auseinander. Vor allem wird Fausts Wissensdrang herangezogen und analysiert, indem die Hauptzüge des Titanismus in den Anfangsszenen des Faust I erläutert werden. Beleuchtet wird somit die Gelehrtentragödie bis zum Pakt mit dem Teufel Mephistopheles und dem Anfang der gemeinsamen Reise. Dem vorangestellt wird ein Vergleich von Goethes Faust sowohl mit den ersten Faustwerken, der anonymen Historia von D. Johann Fausten von 1587 und Christopher Marlowes Drama, als auch mit dem geschichtlichen Faust

Algebra of chiral currents on the physical surface

Using a particular structure for the Lagrangian action in a one-dimensional Thirring model and performing the Dirac's procedure, we are able to obtain the algebra for chiral currents which is entirely defied on the constraint surface in the corresponding hamiltonian description of the theory.Comment: 10 page

Cross talk between adipose tissue and placenta in obese and gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancies via exosomes

Obesity is an important public health issue worldwide, where it is commonly associated with the development of metabolic disorders, especially insulin resistance (IR). Maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of pregnancy complications, especially gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Metabolism is a vital process for energy production and the maintenance of essential cellular functions. Excess energy storage is predominantly regulated by the adipose tissue. Primarily made up of adipocytes, adipose tissue acts as the body’s major energy reservoir. The role of adipose tissue, however, is not restricted to a “bag of fat.” The adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, secreting various adipokines, enzymes, growth factors, and hormones that take part in glucose and lipid metabolism. In obesity, the greater portion of the adipose tissue comprises fat, and there is increased pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, macrophage infiltration, and reduced insulin sensitivity. Obesity contributes to systemic IR and its associated metabolic complications. Similar to adipose tissue, the placenta is also an endocrine organ. During pregnancy, the placenta secretes various molecules to maintain pregnancy physiology. In addition, the placenta plays an important role in metabolism and exchange of nutrients between mother and fetus. Inflammation at the placenta may contribute to the severity of maternal IR and her likelihood of developing GDM and may also mediate the adverse consequences of obesity and GDM on the fetus. Interestingly, studies on maternal insulin sensitivity and secretion of placental hormones have not shown a positive correlation between these phenomena. Recently, a great interest in the field of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been observed in the literature. EVs are produced by a wide range of cells and are present in all biological fluids. EVs are involved in cell-to-cell communication. Recent evidence points to an association between adipose tissue-derived EVs and metabolic syndrome in obesity. In this review, we will discuss the changes in human placenta and adipose tissue in GDM and obesity and summarize the findings regarding the role of adipose tissue and placenta-derived EVs, with an emphasis on exosomes in obesity, and the contribution of obesity to the development of GDM

Joint effect of physical activity and sedentary behaviour on cardiovascular risk factors in Chilean adults

Background: To investigate the associations between combined categories of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with markers of adiposity and cardiovascular risk in adults. Methods: Overall, 5040 participants (mean age 46.4 years and 59.3% women) from the cross-sectional Chilean National Health Survey 2009–2010 were included in this study. MVPA and SB were measured using the Global Physical Activity questionnaire. Four categories were computed using MVPA- and SB-specific cut-offs (‘High-SB & Active’, ‘Low-SB & Active’, ‘High-SB & Inactive’ and ‘Low-SB & Inactive’). Results: Compared to the reference group (‘High-SB & Inactive’), those in ‘High-SB & Active’ and ‘Low-SB & Active’ were less likely to have an obese BMI (OR: 0.67 [0.54; 0.85], P = 0.0001 and 0.74 [0.59; 0.92] P = 0.0007, respectively) and less likely to have metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.63 [0.49; 0.82], P < 0.0001 and 0.72 [0.57; 0.91], P = 0.007), central obesity (OR: 0.79 [0.65; 0.96], P = 0.016 and 0.71 [0.59; 0.84], P < 0.0001), diabetes (OR: 0.45 [0.35; 0.59], P < 0.0001 and 0.44 [0.34; 0.56], P < 0.0001) and hypertension (OR: 0.52 [0.43; 0.63], P < 0.0001 and 0.60 [0.50; 0.72], P < 0.0001), respectively. Conclusions: Being physically active and spending less time in SBs was associated with lower adiposity and improvements in cardiovascular risk factors

Active commuting is associated with a lower risk of obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome in Chilean adults

Background: There is limited evidence on how active commuting is associated with health benefits in developing countries. The aim of this study therefore was to investigate the associations between active commuting and markers of adiposity and cardiometabolic risk in the Chilean adult population. Methods: In total, 5157 participants from the Chilean National Health Survey 2009–10 were included in this cross-sectional study. Active commuting was measured using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ v2). Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured and used to define obesity and central obesity. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome were determined using WHO and updated ATPIII-NCEP criteria, respectively. Results: The main finding of this study is that a 30 min increase in active commuting is associated with lower odds for BMI > 25.0 kg m−2 (0.93 [95% CI: 0.88–0.98, P = 0.010]). Similarly, the odds for central obesity was 0.87 [0.82–0.92, P < 0.0001]. Similar associations were found for T2D (0.81 [0.75–0.88], P < 0.0001) and metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.86 [0.80–0.92], P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Our findings show that active commuting is associated with lower adiposity and a healthier metabolic profile including lower risk for obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome

1-D Harmonic Oscillator in Snyder Space, the Classic and the Quantum

The 1-D dimension harmonic oscillator in Snyder space is investigated in its classical and quantum versions. The classical trajectory is obtained and the semiclassical quantization from the phase space trajectories is discussed. In the meanwhile, an effective cutoff to high frequencies is found. The quantum version is developed and an equivalent usual harmonic oscillator is obtained through an effective mass and an effective frequency introduced in the model. This modified parameters give us an also modified energy spectra.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

The Effect of COVID-19 Lockdowns on the Air Pollution of Urban Areas of Central and Southern Chile

We present the effects of the confinement and physical distancing policies applied during the COVID-19 pandemic on the concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, NO, NO2 and O3 in 16 cities in central and southern Chile. The period between March and May in 2020 was compared with the corresponding months during 2017–2019, using surface data and satellite information. The relative percent changes in the concentration of atmospheric pollutants, and the meteorological variables observed between these two periods were used to quantify the effects of the lockdowns on the local air quality of the urban areas studied. The results showed statistically significant changes in 11 of the 16 cities. Significant relative changes between +14% and –33% were observed for PM10 in 9 cities; while statistically significant changes between –6% and –48% were evident for PM2.5 in 10 cities. Significant decreases between –27% and –55%, were observed in 4 cities in which NO2 data were available; while significant increases in O3, between 18% and 43%, were found in 4 of the 5 cities with available data. The local meteorological variables did not show significant changes between both periods. In all the cities studied, one of the main PM sources is wood burning for residential heating. Although the quarantine imposed during the health emergency could have induced an increase in residential emissions, these were compensated with the reductions in vehicular and/or industrial emissions. Therefore, these results should be carefully interpreted and should inspire new research considering the social, cultural, and economic factors that could alter the common emission patterns and air quality of urban centers

Factores asociados a inactividad física en Chile: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2009-2010 = Correlates of physical inactivity: Findings from the Chilean National Health Survey 2009-2010

Background: Physical inactivity is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Aim: To identify factors associated with physical inactivity in Chilean adults. Material and Methods: Participants from the Chilean Health Survey (5,133 individuals) were included in this study. Physical activity was measured using the Global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ). Physical inactivity was defined as < 600 MET. min.week−1 of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity. Logistic regression was used to identify correlates of physical inactivity. Results: The main finding of this study were that women (odds ratio (OR): 1.51 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.32-1.72]) were more likely to be inactive compared to men and that older adults were more likely to be inactive than their younger or middle age counterparts (OR: 3.06 [95% CI: 2.45-3.82]). Other correlates of physical inactivity were individuals with obesity (OR: 1.43 [95% CI: 1.20-1.70]), diabetes (OR: 1.96 [95% CI: 1.61-2.38]), hypertension (OR: 1.72 [95% CI: 1.50-1.97]), metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.42 [95% IC: 1.18-1.70]), a low education level (OR: 1.26 [95% CI: 1.06-1.49]) and higher levels of sedentary behavior (OR: 2.77 [95% CI: 2.36-3.25]). Conclusions: Women, older people and sedentary subjects with chronic non-transmissible conditions are at higher risk of being physically inactive

Superconformal mechanics and nonlinear supersymmetry

We show that a simple change of the classical boson-fermion coupling constant, $2\alpha \to 2\alpha n$, $n\in \N$, in the superconformal mechanics model gives rise to a radical change of a symmetry: the modified classical and quantum systems are characterized by the nonlinear superconformal symmetry. It is generated by the four bosonic integrals which form the so(1,2) x u(1) subalgebra, and by the 2(n+1) fermionic integrals constituting the two spin-n/2 so(1,2)-representations and anticommuting for the order n polynomials of the even generators. We find that the modified quantum system with an integer value of the parameter $\alpha$ is described simultaneously by the two nonlinear superconformal symmetries of the orders relatively shifted in odd number. For the original quantum model with $|\alpha|=p$, $p\in \N$, this means the presence of the order 2p nonlinear superconformal symmetry in addition to the osp(2|2) supersymmetry.Comment: 16 pages; misprints corrected, note and ref added, to appear in JHE

Fotointerpretación aplicada al estudio de la cuenca del Río Negro Provincia del Chaco : Cartografía

Fil: Popolizio, Eliseo. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Serra, Pilar Yolanda. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Foschiatti, Ana María. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Medina, Carmen A. G de. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Gaborov, Daniel R. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Leiva, Carlos A. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Bobadilla, Ramón A. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Este trabajo se realizó por convenio entre la Administración Provincial de Recursos Hídricos de la Provincia del Chaco y la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, firmado por el Agrimensor Orfilio Viganotti, en representación de la primera, y los Sres, Decanos de las Facultades de Ingeniería y Humanidades, Ing. Mario Bruno Natalini y Prof. Luis Ise, por la segunda.El trabajo se centra en tareas de fotointerpretación sobre el aspecto geomorfológico de la Cuenca del Río Negro a fin de reconocer formas del relieve que puedan a llegar a comportarse como condicionantes del escurrimiento, detectar también las unidades fisonómicas de la vegetación existente y su vinculación con la morfología y el escurrimiento. Establecer las características de la dinámica del escurrimiento