Acidentes de trânsito e o maio amarelo: um relato de experiência sobre uma ação educacional com estudantes de medicina durante a pandemia da covid-19 / Traffic accidents and the yellow may: a report of experience about an education action with medical students during the covid-19 pandemic

Os acidentes de trânsito são a principal causa de morte em indivíduos entre 5 e 29 anos no mundo e o Brasil é considerado o terceiro país em que mais óbitos são notificados por essa problemática. Por isso, a ONU criou a campanha do “Maio Amarelo” com o objetivo de incentivar e conscientizar sobre as medidas educativas para uma direção segura no trânsito. Nesse sentido, devido a pandemia da COVID-19, estudantes de medicina originaram uma atividade de extensão online intitulada “Autoescola da Saúde”, cujo objetivo foi de promover o debate com outros estudantes de medicina acerca dos acidentes de trânsito. O presente estudo é um relato de experiência dos estudantes organizadores da “Autoescola da Saúde”, que foi realizada em maio de 2020. A atividade possuiu cinco momentos conduzidos pelos organizadores, dentre eles: aplicação do primeiro questionário; divisão dos inscritos em grupos em um aplicativo de mensagens, sendo que, cada grupo ficou responsável por um tema envolvendo os acidentes de trânsito; debate nos grupos acerca do seu tema; reunião com todos os grupos em uma sala virtual para fomentar o debate de todos os temas; aplicação de um segundo questionário e disponibilização de um vídeo educativo. Assim, com a ação realizada em ambiente virtual, tem-se que a maior visibilidade e participação foram consequências positivas consideráveis nesse processo. Além disso, a produção de novos saberes pela troca de informações garantiu a retirada de dúvidas e a minimização de informações prévias errôneas, favorecendo a mudança do estilo de vida no trânsito. Sendo assim, constatou-se que os participantes puderam ampliar o seu conhecimento no que tange aos acidentes no trânsito, demonstrando interesse em discutir essa temática que, por vezes, tende a ser negligenciada não só no ambiente acadêmico, mas também no âmbito social. Por fim, é essencial que, ações educacionais locais semelhantes à “Autoescola da Saúde” sejam estimuladas e multiplicadas, com o propósito de poder ocasionar um efeito global da educação em saúde e da conscientização.

Impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 nos procedimentos dermatológicos no Brasil

INTRODUCTION: Appointments in dermatology were hindered by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in delayed diagnoses and interrupted treatments. Patients at risk of skin cancer, for example, have been affected and metastasis risks increased. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic dermatological surgical procedures in Brazil. METHODS: The study is retroactive, descriptive, and revised. Data were extracted from DATASUS Health Information System (TABLET) records. “Small surgeries and open skin, subcutaneous tissue, and hospital mucosal surgeries of the SUS from January 2016 to December 2020 were analyzed, focusing on the variables Region and Character of Care. RESULTS: 554,591 small surgeries and skin, subcutaneous tissue, and mucosal surgeries were performed between 2016 and 2020 in Brazil. The Southeast had the highest regional records (47.15%; n=261,477). From 2016 to 2019, there was a 16.44% increase in the procedures performed, totaling 130,099 in 2019. However, in 2020 there was a decrease of 38.59% compared to 2019, with 79,887 procedures. Further, elective procedures were prevalent in all years, 402,344 (72.5%) in total. The numbers increased 25.2% from 2016 to 2019, but in 2020, compared to 2019, there was a 44.9% reduction. DISCUSSION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of active healthcare professionals in clinics decreased due to workforce relocation and services' restructuring, infected in the reduction of consultations and procedures, resulting in the delay of the follow-up and resolution of dermatological diseases. CONCLUSION: It was found that dermatological procedures were deeply influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, with a direct affection of dermatology services in Brazil.Introdução: Atendimentos dermatológicos foram prejudicados pela pandemia da COVID-19, com diagnósticos atrasados e tratamentos interrompidos. Pacientes com câncer de pele, por exemplo, foram especialmente afetados, já que a progressão de lesões e o risco de metástase aumentam. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar o impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 na realização de procedimentos cirúrgicos em dermatologia no Brasil. Metodologia: O estudo é retrospectivo, descritivo e quantitativo. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de registros do Sistema de Informações de Saúde (TABNET) do DATASUS. Foram analisadas “Pequenas cirurgias e cirurgias de pele, tecido subcutâneo e mucosa” entre os Procedimentos Hospitalares do SUS do período de janeiro de 2016 a dezembro de 2020, sendo consideradas as variáveis Região e Caráter de Atendimento. Resultados: Foram realizadas 554.591 pequenas cirurgias e cirurgias de pele, tecido subcutâneo e mucosa entre 2016 e 2020 no Brasil. O Sudeste apresentou o maior número de registros (47,15%; n=261.477). No período de 2016 a 2019 houve um aumento de 16,44% nos procedimentos realizados, totalizando 130.099 em 2019. Entretanto, no ano de 2020 houve queda de 38,59% em relação a 2019, com 79.887 procedimentos. Ademais, em todos os anos predominou o caráter eletivo, totalizando 402.344 (72,5%). O aumento foi de 25,2% no período de 2016 a 2019, mas em comparação a 2019, houve uma redução de 44,9% em 2020. Discussão: A pandemia da COVID-19 reduziu o número de profissionais especializados atuantes nos ambulatórios, com o remanejamento da mão de obra e reestruturação do serviço para o atendimento aos infectados pela COVID-19, refletindo na redução de consultas e procedimentos, resultando no atraso do acompanhamento e resolução de doenças dermatológicas. Conclusão: Conclui-se, portanto, que o a realização de procedimentos dermatológicos foi fortemente influenciada pela pandemia da COVID-19, com efeito direto no funcionamento de serviços da especialidade

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Postmortem chest computed tomography in COVID-19: A minimally invasive autopsy method

Objectives: Performing autopsies in a pandemic scenario is challenging, as the need to understand pathophysiology must be balanced with the contamination risk. A minimally invasive autopsy might be a solution. We present a model that combines radiology and pathology to evaluate postmortem CT lung findings and their correlation with histopathology. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with fatal COVID-19 underwent postmortem chest CT, and multiple lung tissue samples were collected. The chest CT scans were analyzed and quantified according to lung involvement in five categories: normal, ground-glass opacities, crazy-paving, small consolidations, and large or lobar consolidations. The lung tissue samples were examined and quantified in three categories: normal lung, exudative diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), and fibroproliferative DAD. A linear index was used to estimate the global severity of involvement by CT and histopathological analysis. Results: There was a positive correlation between patient mean CT and histopathological severity score indexes - Pearson correlation coefficient (R) = 0.66 (p = 0.0078). When analyzing the mean lung involvement percentage of each finding, positive correlations were found between the normal lung percentage between postmortem CT and histopathology (R=0.65, p = 0.0082), as well as between ground-glass opacities in postmortem CT and normal lungs in histopathology (R=0.65, p = 0.0086), but negative correlations were observed between ground-glass opacities extension and exudative diffuse alveolar damage in histological slides (R=−0.68, p = 0.005). Additionally, it was found is a trend toward a decrease in the percentage of normal lung tissue on the histological slides as the percentage of consolidations in postmortem CT scans increased (R =−0.51, p = 0.055). The analysis of the other correlations between the percentage of each finding did not show any significant correlation or correlation trends (p ≥ 0.10). Conclusions: A minimally invasive autopsy is valid. As the severity of involvement is increased in CT, more advanced disease is seen on histopathology. However, we cannot state that one specific radiological category represents a specific pathological correspondent. Ground-glass opacities, in the postmortem stage, must be interpreted with caution, as expiratory lungs may overestimate disease

Identification of human chromosome 22 transcribed sequences with ORF expressed sequence tags

Transcribed sequences in the human genome can be identified with confidence only by alignment with sequences derived from cDNAs synthesized from naturally occurring mRNAs. We constructed a set of 250,000 cDNAs that represent partial expressed gene sequences and that are biased toward the central coding regions of the resulting transcripts. They are termed ORF expressed sequence tags (ORESTES). The 250,000 ORESTES were assembled into 81,429 contigs. Of these, 1,181 (1.45%) were found to match sequences in chromosome 22 with at least one ORESTES contig for 162 (65.6%) of the 247 known genes, for 67 (44.6%) of the 150 related genes, and for 45 of the 148 (30.4%) EST-predicted genes on this chromosome. Using a set of stringent criteria to validate our sequences, we identified a further 219 previously unannotated transcribed sequences on chromosome 22. Of these, 171 were in fact also defined by EST or full length cDNA sequences available in GenBank but not utilized in the initial annotation of the first human chromosome sequence. Thus despite representing less than 15% of all expressed human sequences in the public databases at the time of the present analysis, ORESTES sequences defined 48 transcribed sequences on chromosome 22 not defined by other sequences. All of the transcribed sequences defined by ORESTES coincided with DNA regions predicted as encoding exons by genscan. (http://genes.mit.edu/GENSCAN.html)

Seminário de Dissertação (2024)

Página da disciplina de Seminário de Dissertação (MPPP, UFPE, 2022) Lista de participantes == https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mrULe1y04yPxHUBaF50jhaM1OY8QYJ3zva4N4yvm198/edit#gid=