Unsteady aerodynamic characterization of a military aircraft in vertical gusts

The effects of 2.5-m/sec vertical gusts on the flight characteristics of a 1:8.6 scale model of a Mirage 2000 aircraft in free flight at 35 m/sec over a distance of 30 m are investigated. The wind-tunnel setup and instrumentation are described; the impulse-response and local-coefficient-identification analysis methods applied are discussed in detail; and the modification and calibration of the gust-detection probes are reviewed. The results are presented in graphs, and good general agreement is obtained between model calculations using the two analysis methods and the experimental measurements

In situ monitoring of corrosion mechanisms and phosphate inhibitor surface deposition during corrosion of zinc–magnesium–aluminium (ZMA) alloys using novel time-lapse microscopy

In-situ time-lapse optical microscopy was used to examine the microstructural corrosion mechanisms in three zinc-magnesium-aluminium (ZMA) alloy coated steels immersed in 1% NaCl pH 7. Preferential corrosion of MgZn2 lamellae within the eutectic phases was observed in all the ZMA alloys followed by subsequent dissolution of Zn rich phases. The total extent and rate of corrosion, measured using time-lapse image analysis and scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) estimated mass loss, decreased as Mg and Al alloying additions were increased up to a level of 3 wt% Mg and 3.7 wt% Al. This was probably due to the increased presence of MgO and Al2O3 at the alloy surface retarding the kinetics of cathodic oxygen reduction. The addition of 1 x 10-2 mol/dm3 Na3PO4 to 1% NaCl pH 7 had a dramatic influence on the corrosion mechanism for a ZMA with passivation of anodic sites through phosphate precipitation observed using time-lapse. Intriguing rapid precipitation of filamentous phosphate was also observed and it is postulated that these filaments nucleate and grow due to super saturation effects. Polarisation experiments showed that the addition of 1 x 10-2 mol/dm3 Na3PO4 to the 1% NaCl electrolyte promoted an anodic shift of 50mV in open circuit potential for the ZMA alloy with a reduction in anodic current of 2.5 orders of magnitude suggesting that it was acting primarily as an anodic inhibitor supporting the inferences from the time-lapse investigations. These phosphate additions resulted in a 98% reduction in estimated mass loss as measured by SVET demonstrating the effectiveness of phosphate inhibitors for this alloy system

Glenzocimab, monoclonal antibody fragment to treat ischemic stroke : from pharmaceutical and non-clinical development to clinical phase 1

La phase aiguë de l'AVC ischémique est une pathologie pour laquelle le besoin thérapeutique est important. Le rôle des plaquettes est prédominant dans la formation du thrombus, causant l'occlusion des artères à l'origine de l'AVC. Toutefois, les traitements antiplaquettaires actuels ne peuvent être prescrits à la phase aiguë de la maladie en raison du risque hémorragique associé à leur administration.ACT017 (glenzocimab) est un fragment d'anticorps monovalent (Fab) dirigé contre la glycoprotéine VI (GPVI) plaquettaire actuellement considérée comme une nouvelle cible thérapeutique d'intérêt majeur. Glenzocimab a été conçu par humanisation de l'anticorps monoclonal murin 9O12.2 et sélectionné parmi 17 variants sur la base de ses propriétés structurales et fonctionnelles. Glenzocimab est caractérisé par un index d'humanisation (Z-Index), un pourcentage d'identité avec les séquences de lignées germinales humaines élevés et une immunogénicité résiduelles prédite comme faible. Glenzocimab préserve la spécificité de liaison à GPVI de l'anticorps parent, une affinité élevée et des propriétés inhibitrices. Un motif de reconnaissance de la Protéine L créé dans sa séquence autorise l'immuno-capture nécessaire à sa purification. Glenzocimab est soluble sans tendance à l'agrégation et stable dans des conditions de stress thermique. L'étude comparative de plusieurs systèmes d'expression a démontré que des hôtes microbiens (E. coli, P. pastoris) ou eucaryote supérieur (cellules CHO) sont tous adaptés. Pour un développement à grande échelle, la cellule CHO a été préférée, en particulier pour des raisons d'une plus grande homogénéité du produit purifié.Le glenzocimab a ensuite été évalué chez l'animal et dans un essai clinique de phase 1 chez le volontaire sain. Il présente un profil de sécurité favorable, sans risque de saignement ni risque immunogénique. Ses propriétés pharmacocinétiques et pharmacodynamiques sont adaptées et confirment son intérêt comme agent antiplaquettaire. Aujourd'hui, le développement se poursuit. Un essai clinique de phase Ib/IIa est achevé et une essai de phase II/III a démarré. Dans ces études, le glenzocimab est utilisé en association avec le traitement de référence chez les patients victimes d'un AVC.The acute phase of ischemic stroke is a condition with a high therapeutic need. The role of platelets is predominant in thrombus formation, causing artery occlusion that leads to stroke. However, current antiplatelet therapies cannot be prescribed in the acute phase of the disease because of the associated bleeding risk.ACT017 (glenzocimab) is a monovalent antibody fragment (Fab) directed against platelet glycoprotein VI (GPVI), which is currently considered as a major new therapeutic target. Glenzocimab was designed by humanization of the murine monoclonal antibody 9O12.2. It was selected based on its structural and functional properties among 17 variants. Glenzocimab is characterized by a high humanization index (Z-Index), a high percentage of identity similarity with human germline sequences and a predicted low residual immunogenicity. Glenzocimab retains GPVI binding specificity of the parent antibody, with high affinity and inhibitory properties. A Protein L recognition motif created in its sequence allows the immuno-capture necessary for its purification. Glenzocimab is soluble, without aggregation propensity and stable under heat stress conditions. The comparative study of several expression systems has shown that microbial (E. coli, P. pastoris) or higher eukaryotic (CHO cells) hosts are all suitable. CHO cell was preferred for high scale production, mainly for the greater homogeneity of the purified product. Then, glenzocimab was evaluated in animals and in a phase 1 clinical trial in healthy volunteers. Glenzocimab has a favorable safety profile with no bleeding or immunogenic risks. Its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties are appropriate and confirm the interest of glenzocimab as an antiplatelet agent.Today, clinical development is ongoing. A Phase Ib/IIa clinical trial has been completed and a Phase II/III trial was launched. In these studies, glenzocimab is administered in combination with standard of care in stroke patients

Boissy d'Anglas et la constitution de l'an III

Rappelons que lorsque la commission des Onze fut désignée, le 14 germinal an III (3 avril 1795), la majorité modérée de la Convention thermidorienne ne désirait qu'annuler la constitution de 1793 par d'habiles lois organiques qui en effaceraient les dispositions politiques et sociales gênantes pour les thermidoriens. Barère et Audouin avaient, dès le 24 brumaire an III (14 novembre 1794) proposé une commission mais n'avaient pas été suivis. La même proposition de Fréron fut rejetée le 11 vent..

Evaluation des systèmes d'archivage et de communication des images à travers l'expérience de l'Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou

PARIS5-BU Méd.Cochin (751142101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocCentre Technique Livre Ens. Sup. (774682301) / SudocSudocFranceF

The Effect of Microstructure on Local Corrosion Product Formation during Initial SO₂-Induced Atmospheric Corrosion of ZnAlMg Coating Studied by FTIR-ATR FPA Chemical Imaging

The initial atmospheric corrosion of ZM (ZnAlMg)-coated steel in humid air (85% RH) and humid argon (85% RH) containing 320 ppb SO2 was studied using in situ infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS), FTIR-ATR focal plane array (FPA) imaging and SEM-EDS. The corrosion products formed in humid air containing SO2 are mainly composed of magnesium sulphites and sulphates, with sulphite-containing corrosion products formed initially while the contribution from sulphates increased with exposure time. The results from FTIR-FPA imaging and SEM-EDS showed that the magnesium sulphite and sulphate are formed mainly on eutectic phases with a higher quantity of corrosion products formed on the binary eutectic (Zn-MgZn2) phases. This is due to presence of microgalvanic elements with the zinc-rich phases as the main sites for the cathodic oxygen reduction while the anodic reactions take place on the eutectic areas. Sulphate content is the highest on the binary eutectic phases, due to the microgalvanic effects and the production of oxidants by the cathodic reaction, which increases the oxidation of sulphite to sulphate