Hábitos alimentarios y patrones de actividad física en escolares de cuarto, quinto y sexto grado con sobrepeso y obesidad : Centro Escolar Básico General República Dominicana, Antón : diciembre, 2008

El aumento de la prevalencia del sobrepeso y obesidad en escolares de la Provincia de Coclé llevó al presente estudio de tipo transversal descriptivo, que tuvo como objetivo determinar los hábitos alimentarios y patrones de actividad física y su relación con el sobrepeso y obesidad en escolares de cuarto, quinto y sexto grado del C.E.B.G. República Dominicana de Antón en Noviembre de 2008. Se estudiaron todos los escolares de cuarto, quinto y sexto grado con sobrepeso y obesidad del C.E.B.G. República Dominicana que hicieron un total de 53 estudiantes. Se describieron tos hábitos alimentarios y patrones de actividad física de los encuestados. Se comparó el estado nutricional de los escolares con los hábitos alimentarios y patrones de actividad física. El instrumento de recolección de datos consistió en una encuesta con preguntas abiertas y cerradas sobre hábitos alimentarios, patrones de actividad física y consumo de alimentos altos en grasas, azúcares, frutas y vegetales. Para el plan de análisis de los resultados se utilizó la estadística descriptiva con dones de frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Se empleó el programa estadístico SPSS 13. La prevalencia de sobrepeso fue 11 por ciento la de obesidad La mayoría (86.8%) tenía malos hábitos alimentarios, siendo mayor en las mujeres. Los sobrepeso tenían mayormente malos hábitos alimentarios y los obesos resultaron tener mayor porcentaje de buenos hábitos de alimentación. La mayoría veía televisión por lo menos 4 horas, no usaban computadoras ni video juegos frecuentemente. El 50.9% eran sedentarios, en donde las mujeres eran más sedentarias. Hubo más obesos sedentarios que sobrepesos sedentarios. El grupo de los escolares sedentarios tenían el mayor porcentaje de malos hábitos alimentarios

Insectos acuáticos asociados al Río Tríbique, en el distrito de Soná, provincia de Veraguas

En el presente trabajo se determinó la comunidad de insectos acuáticos existentes en el Río Tríbique, Distrito de Soná, Provinci a de Veraguas; se ubicaron siete estaciones a lo largo del río entre Enero y Junio de 2001. El tiempo designado para la colecta, fue de una hora para cada estación y la misma se realizó en horas de la mañana. Los métodos de captura variaron de acuerdo al sustrato: red acuática tipo D- Net, para barridos en el fondo y en la vegetación marginal sumergida y pinzas entomológicas para desalojar los insectos de sus refugios en las rocas. E n t o t a l , s e c o l e c t a r o n 98 géneros de insectos acuáticos, distribuidos en 48 familias y 11 órdenes

Input of pharmaceuticals through coastal surface watercourses into a Mediterranean lagoon (Mar Menor, SE Spain): sources and seasonal variations

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Identification and functional analysis of novel phosphorylation sites in the RNA surveillance protein Upf1.

One third of inherited genetic diseases are caused by mRNAs harboring premature termination codons as a result of nonsense mutations. These aberrant mRNAs are degraded by the Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay (NMD) pathway. A central component of the NMD pathway is Upf1, an RNA-dependent ATPase and helicase. Upf1 is a known phosphorylated protein, but only portions of this large protein have been examined for phosphorylation sites and the functional relevance of its phosphorylation has not been elucidated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using tandem mass spectrometry analyses, we report the identification of 11 putative phosphorylated sites in S. cerevisiae Upf1. Five of these phosphorylated residues are located within the ATPase and helicase domains and are conserved in higher eukaryotes, suggesting a biological significance for their phosphorylation. Indeed, functional analysis demonstrated that a small carboxy-terminal motif harboring at least three phosphorylated amino acids is important for three Upf1 functions: ATPase activity, NMD activity and the ability to promote translation termination efficiency. We provide evidence that two tyrosines within this phospho-motif (Y-738 and Y-742) act redundantly to promote ATP hydrolysis, NMD efficiency and translation termination fidelity

Biomechanical behavior of customized scaffolds: A three-dimensional finite element analysis

Teeth loss due to periodontal diseases, trauma, or infections often causes dimensional loss in the affected maxillary. In patients with reduced maxillary size, restoration of chewing function and esthetics with endosseous dental implants may fail. The aim of this work was to simulate the biomechanical behavior, using the finite element method, of customized scaffolds fixed by a dental implant on a partially edentulous jaw. Porous scaffolds were designed from medical images of a partially edentulous jaw with type IV bone quality. The influence of the diameter of the hole and the porosity of the scaffold on the maximum levels of stress and strain in the peri-implant bone was evaluated. The highest stress values in the scaffolds, dental implant, and crown were lower than the yield strength of their respective materials. The customized scaffolds allow to recover the dimensions of the evaluated jaw. A significant decrease in stress and strain values was observed in the peri-implant cortical bone. Furthermore, it was found that the evaluated parameters did not have a significant influence on the maximum von Mises equivalent stress and maximum strain values in the peri-implant bone.MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033 PID2019-109371 GB-I0

Multiwavelength Photometric and Spectropolarimetric Analysis of the FSRQ 3C 279

In this paper, we present light curves for 3C 279 over a time period of six years; from 2008 to 2014. Our multiwavelength data comprise 1 mm to gamma-rays, with additional optical polarimetry. Based on the behaviour of the gamma-ray light curve with respect to other bands, we identified three different activity periods. One of the activity periods shows anomalous behaviour with no gamma-ray counterpart associated with optical and NIR flares. Another anomalous activity period shows a flare in gamma-rays, 1 mm and polarization degree, however, it does not have counterparts in the UV continuum, optical and NIR bands. We find a significant overall correlation of the UV continuum emission, the optical and NIR bands. This correlation suggests that the NIR to UV continuum is co-spatial. We also find a correlation between the UV continuum and the 1 mm data, which implies that the dominant process in producing the UV continuum is synchrotron emission. The gamma-ray spectral index shows statistically significant variability and an anti-correlation with the gamma-ray luminosity. We demonstrate that the dominant gamma-ray emission mechanism in 3C 279 changes over time. Alternatively, the location of the gamma-ray emission zone itself may change depending on the activity state of the central engine.Comment: 32 pages, 19 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRA

El Método científico en la era de los ordenadores

Resumen: En los estudios de grado de las ramas de Ciencias e Ingeniería se suele incluir una asignatura denominada Técnicas Experimentales en la que se introducen los mecanismos de funcionamiento de los aparatos o herramientas específicas que se van a utilizar en la especialidad. Generalmente en ella se expone el método científico adaptado a cada campo particular, se estudian las unidades de medida, las representaciones gráficas y la preparación de informes escritos y orales. En este trabajo se hace una propuesta de contenidos para una asignatura con la misma denominación, en la que la herramienta a utilizar sea una computadora y se aborde la resolución de problemas a través del pensamiento computacional permitiendo la aplicación del método científico en cualquier rama de conocimiento.Abstract Science and Engineering undergraduate studies usually include an academic subject (to which we will refer from now on as Experimental Techniques) whose goal is to introduce the students in the operation of the devices and tools that they will use along their degree. The course exposes an adaptation of the scientific method to the specific field of the degree and it studies the measurement units, graphic representations and the preparation of written and oral reports. This paper presents a proposal of contents for a version of such a course in which the particular tool to use is the computer and the adapted version of the scientific method is the ability to solve problems through computational thinking with the final aim of leading the student to the application of the scientific method to any branch of knowledge

Wide band-gap tuning Cu2ZnSn1-xGexS4 single crystals: Optical and vibrational properties

The linear optical properties of Cu2ZnSn1-xGe x S4 high quality single crystals with a wide range of Ge contents (x=0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1) have been investigated in the ultraviolet and near infrared range using spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. From the analysis of the complex dielectric function spectra it has been found that the bandgap E 0 increases continuously from 1.49eV to 2.25eV with the Ge content. Furthermore, the evolution of the interband transitions E 1A and E 1B has been also determined. Raman scattering using three different excitation wavelengths and its analysis have been performed to confirm the absence of secondary phases in the samples, and to distinguish between stannite, wurtzite, wurzstannite and kesterite structures. Additionally, the analysis of the high resolution Raman spectra obtained in samples with different [Ge]/([Ge]+[Sn]) ratios allows describing a bimodal behavior of the dominant A modes. The understanding of the incorporation of Ge into the Cu2ZnSnS4 lattice is fundamental in order to develop efficient bandgap engineering of these compounds towards the fabrication of kesterite based solar cells with enhanced performanceThis work was supported by the Marie Curie-ITN project (KESTCELL, GA: 316488), Marie Curie-IRSES project (PVICOKEST, GA: 269167), AMALIE (TEC2012-38901-C02-01) and SUNBEAM (ENE2013-49136-C4-3-R) project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. RC acknowledges financial support from Spanish MINECO within the Ramón y Cajal program (RYC-2011-08521

Eficacia de la alta presión hidrostática como tratamiento cuarentenario para mejorar la calidad de los frutos del mango infestados por la mosca de la fruta Mexicana Anastrepha ludens

High hydrostatic pressure (HPP) has been reported as an alternative quarantine process in fruits infested by Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran and Cydia pomonella (L.). In Mexico and other Latin-American countries, the Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens Loew is one of the most important insects infesting mangoes, citrus, and other fruits. The present study aimed to determine the effect of pressure level and time on the survival of eggs and larvae of the Mexican fruit fly. Eggs and larvae were pressurized at 25, 50, 75, 100, or 150 MPa for 0, 5, 10 or 20 min at 25 8C. Ripe and green mangoes were also pressurized under the same conditions. On pressurized eggs of 1, 2, 3, and 4 days old, their ability to hatch was recorded. On pressurized first, second and third instars, the percentage of survival was registered. Furthermore, third instars were studied for their ability to pupate and to develop adults. The results showed that although most of eggs and larvae died at pressures lower than 100 MPa, some of them were able to survive even at 150 MPa, and a few third instars were able to pupate and to develop to adulthood. Green mangoes were affected by pressures above 75 MPa but they were more resistant than ripe mangoes. HPP treatments seem to be feasible as a quarantine process for mangoes; however, more studies, such as combining HPP with temperature treatments, are needed in order to decrease the pressure level to avoid fruit damageLa alta presión hidrostática ha sido descrita como un proceso de cuarentena alternativa en frutas infestadas por Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran y Cydia pomonella (L.). En México y otros países Latinoamericanos, la mosca de la fruta mexicana Anastrepha ludens Loew es uno de los más importantes insectos que infestan los mangos, cítricos y otras frutas. El presente estudio tuvo como meta determinar el efecto del nivel de presión y tiempo sobre la supervivencia de huevos y larvas de la mosca de la fruta mexicana. Huevos y larvas se presurizaron a 25, 50, 75, 100, y 150 MPa durante 0, 5, 10, y 20 min a 25 8C. Mangos maduros y verdes también se presurizaron bajo las mismas condiciones. En huevos presurizados de uno, dos, tres y cuatro días de vida, se registró su capacidad para eclosionar. En primera, segunda y tercera etapa larvaria presurizada, el porcentaje de supervivencia también se registró. Además, en la tercera etapa larvaria se estudió su capacidad para salir de la crisálida y desarrollar adultos. Los resultados mostraron que aunque la mayoría de los huevos y larvas murieron a presiones por debajo de 100 MPa, algunos de ellos fueron capaces de sobrevivir aun a 150 MPa, y unas pocas larvas de tercera etapa fueron capaces de salir de la crisálida y desarrollar adultos. Los mangos verdes se vieron afectados por las presiones por encima de 75 MPa pero fueron más resistentes que los mangos maduros. Los tratamientos de alta presión hidrostática parecen ser un proceso viable como método cuarentenario para mangos, sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios tales como la combinación de alta presión hidrostática junto con tratamientos térmicos para disminuir los niveles de presión y evitar daños en la frutaThe authors are grateful to Fondo Mixto CONACYT –Gobierno del Estado de Tamaulipas for the financial support of this work (Project TAMPS-2003-C02-15), to CONACYT for the scholarship granted to author Hugo Ernesto CandelarioS