Singing for the Red, White, and Blue: Nationalism in Country Music after 9/11

On September 11th, 2001, the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center and the Pentagon were struck by hijacked airplanes in a terrorist attack. The result of the attack spurred an overwhelming sense of despair and anger across the nation, leading to the resurgence of nationalist and patriotic themes in music. Since Country music serves as a tool to express unity, nostalgia, and the struggles of the working class, many turned to it to provide comfort. The theme of unity and struggle mixed with the resurrection of patriotism launched a new age in Country music with the creation of the Country Music Anthem. The presentation examines the Country Music Anthem along with the public’s response to its creation. While many musicians thrived in the new age of Country, those who were against the rise of anger-fueled Nationalism were criticized and outcast. The Country music blacklist is best represented by the public feud between The Chicks and Toby Keith, showcasing the rift between Old Country and Nationalist Country. Along with the cause and result of the Country Music Anthem, the presentation analyzes the death of the era and Country Music’s tendency to shift towards the majority ideologies of the American population. The birth and death of the Country Anthem highlights Country music’s life-long search for the nature of its genre and the industry’s continuation of redefinition and introspection

English Language Learning Strategies in Second Language Environments: Implications for L2 Learners and Teachers

Within the field of language learning and teaching over the last few decades, a gradual but significant shift has taken place, resulting in greater emphasis on learners and learning. This article provides an overview of key issues concerning one consequence of the above shift: the focus on, and use of language learning strategies (LLS) in second language (L2) learning and teaching. In doing so, the paper first defines the concept: language learner strategies drawing from key points in the LLS literature. It further considers some kinds of language learning strategies and provides a short description of how and why LLS may be used in the classroom by second language teachers. Even though learner autonomy is a subject matter that can sustain a full fledged article, it is briefly examined here. This succinct discussion is occasioned by the learner autonomy’s very close correlation with language learning strategies. The paper notes that LLS use and training in the L2 class not only encourages learners in their language learning, but also helps teachers reflect on, and improve their teaching. It thus suggests the integration of LLS into both the language learning/teaching curricula of schools in L2 environments, so that LLS might be included in the regular L2 classes. The final section pithily outlines some questions that need researchers’ attention. Keywords: language learning, second language, learning strategies, second language environments, language learning strategie

Characterisation of Hot Days and Heatwaves: A Case Study for Queensland State in Australia

Due to climate change, the temperature is increasing; however, its spatial and temporal distribution and trend are less understood. To fill this research gap, this study examines the nature of temperature rise in the Queensland State of Australia. Based on the daily maximum and minimum temperature data of 17 weather stations covering 1969-2018, the geographical patterns as well as the temporal variations of hot days and heatwaves over the state are examined. The Mann-Kendall trend test and simple regression methods are employed for detecting trends. The majority of the stations show a significant increase in temperature indices, indicating the warming of the state. Out of 17 stations, 12/14 display a significant increase in the annual frequency of warm days/nights, and 2/11 reveal a significant decrease in the frequency of cool days/nights. The rest of the stations show no change, except two stations showing an upward trend for cold nights. The Excess Heat Factor (EHF) index is used to identify the heat waves. Over Southern Queensland, frequency, total duration, and maximum duration of heatwaves are found to have increased significantly with a greater magnitude compared to other parts of the state. These findings will be useful for climate adaption and mitigation measures in Queensland is compulsory

Characterisation of Hot Days and Heatwaves: A Case Study for Queensland State in Australia

Due to climate change, the temperature is increasing; however, its spatial and temporal distribution and trend are less understood. To fill this research gap, this study examines the nature of temperature rise in the Queensland State of Australia. Based on the daily maximum and minimum temperature data of 17 weather stations covering 1969-2018, the geographical patterns as well as the temporal variations of hot days and heatwaves over the state are examined. The Mann-Kendall trend test and simple regression methods are employed for detecting trends. The majority of the stations show a significant increase in temperature indices, indicating the warming of the state. Out of 17 stations, 12/14 display a significant increase in the annual frequency of warm days/nights, and 2/11 reveal a significant decrease in the frequency of cool days/nights. The rest of the stations show no change, except two stations showing an upward trend for cold nights. The Excess Heat Factor (EHF) index is used to identify the heat waves. Over Southern Queensland, frequency, total duration, and maximum duration of heatwaves are found to have increased significantly with a greater magnitude compared to other parts of the state. These findings will be useful for climate adaption and mitigation measures in Queensland is compulsory

THE LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY FOR SOME TUBULAR REACTORS AND STRESS CONCENTRATION

The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the state of stress and the stress concentration in the main critical junctions of a tubular reactor. Additional two numerical analyses were developed to identify the critical junctions of reactor due to the main loads: temperature gradient and internal pressure. One analysis is based on the extension of classical thin shell theory and the flexibility matrix method and the second on the finite element method (FEM), by the package COSMOS/M Designer II. Comparative experimental study based on recording the strains at selected surface positions, for different values of the reaction loads, was done using strain gauges. The analyses reveal a reasonable accuracy of the results and accurate positioning of the critical junctions. The loads are variable, so that the study may give a primary estimation on the fatigue design and analysis

Kadar Unsur Timbal pada Tanaman Kangkung di Tiga Pasar Tradisional Kecamatan Cilandak, Jakarta Selatan

Water spinach (Ipomoea sp.) is a plant that is commonly consumed by the public. Shifting cultivation, distribution and sales that are not protected make vegetables easily contaminated by pollutants in the environment, one of the lead element. This study was conducted to determine the element content of Pb in water spinach sold in three traditional markets Cilandak subdistrict, South Jakarta. This study was conducted from February-March 2014 by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer instrument (AAS) method flame. Analysis of the data using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a confidence level of 95 %. If there are any differences, then followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The Maximum Tolerable Intake (MTI) test to determine the maximal consumption of watercress with a particular assay with an approximate weight of 60 kg. Based on this research, the element content of lead in water spinach in three traditional markets District of Cilandak ranged from 1.22 to 22.06 mg/kg. No significant effect on the three traditional markets District of Cilandak location. Organ roots have high levels of lead element compared to levels in the leaves and stems. The entire test sample had levels of lead element above SNI 7387:2009 maximum threshold of 0.5 mg/kg so They are not safe for consumption. Average maximum weight of kale on the three traditional markets in Sub Cilandak that may be consumed per week in the organs of leaves and stems ranged from 0.1492 to 0.6032 kg

EFFECT OF IRRIGATION WITH SALINIZED WATER ON GROWTH AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF “KALA-MATA” OLIVE CULTIVAR GRAFTED ONTO DIFFERENT OLIVE ROOTSTOCKS

The most important black table olive (Olea europaea L.) “Kalamata” cultivar, grafted onto three different vegetative olive rootstocks[Picual (Pic), Frantoio (Fra) and Koroneiki (Kor) cvs.] was evaluated with 2-year-old grafted plants grown in sand clay soil, and received concentrations of salt mixture (NaCl, Na2So4, CaCl2, MgSo4 and KCl) making 6000 and 8000 ppm with SAR 12 of salinity level, for two seasons. Morphological and chemical parameters were investigated to determine the relative salinity tolerance of these rootstocks and to define possible reasons for any observed differences in the salt tolerance. However, results indicated that differences in response to salinity among rootstocks were observed primarily in morphological traits. Increasing of salinity level in irrigation water decreased, all of scion height and its rate of increase, leaf area, number of leaves/plant and fresh & dry weight of leaves and roots. But different rootstocks can affect the degree to which these pa-rameters is reduced under salinity, where Kalamata growth on Picual and Frantoio was considerably better than on Koroneiki at 6000 and 8000 ppm treatments. In-versely in untreated grafted plants Kalamata on Kornaki exhibited the best growth vigor, comparing with Kal/Pic or Kal/Fra plants, suggesting that a decrease of scion growth in untreated grafted plants is a salt tolerance quality transmitted by tolerant rootstocks. Salinity significantly decreased leaf chlorophyll (a) and (b) content of all grafted plants, but different content among rootstocks were noted. On the contrary, proline content increased in leaves of all treated plants, however, insignificant dif-ference was noted between rootstocks, yet the interaction between the two factors show that Kalamata on Picual and on Frantoio rootstocks recorded higher values of leaf proline content than Kalamata on Koroneiki rootstock. Leaves and roots Na+ and Cl- content of treated grafted plants showed an increment but to a different de-gree, comparing with the untreated (control) plants. There were differences among the grafted plants where Kalamata grafted on Koroneiki (the least tolerant cv.) most-ly affected by saline treatment and accumulated the highest content of Na+ and Cl- in leaves comparing with Kalamata on Picual (the most tolerant cv.) or on Frantoio (the Sanaa LazArab Univ. J. Agric. Sci., 13(2), 2005400moderate tolerant cv.). Tolerant rootstocks contained more Na+ in roots than in leaves. This response become apparent as salinity increased. Leaf N, P and K con-tents decreased in Kalamata leaves as influenced by different rootstocks and increas-ing salinity in irrigation water comparing with the control. Kal/Pic and Kal/Fra plants had higher N% in leaves than Kal/Kor plants, whereas Kal/Pic accumulated K more than the other plants, while P content in leaves of all grafted plants were insig-nificant in the two seasons. Based on the overall growth parameters and chemical composition in response to salinity, Kalamata grafted on Picual exhibited the great-est salt tolerance followed by those grafted on Frantoio whereas, Kalamata on Koro-neiki showed the poorest plants pertaining salt tolerance

Érik Desmazières à la nationale

Depuis 1978 et le Passage Véro-Dodat (Fitch 34), Érik Desmazières (né en 1948) grave son amour des lieux. Les siens, ceux de ses amis, Paris. Depuis 1980 et L’atelier de Louis Icart (Fitch 58), il grave des points de vue troublants, tant ils sont vertigineux. D’en haut, d’en bas, en miroir, en perspective curviligne. Depuis 1997 et la Wunderkammer [I] (Fitch 153), il grave les architectures mettant en scène les mirabilia. Celles des cabinets de curiosité, celles de Rembrandt, celles de Sir Th..