Nível socioeconômico na primeira infância e oclusopatia em adolescentes e adultos jovens no Uruguai

This study aims to estimate orthodontic treatment need among 15-24 year-old individuals in Montevideo, Uruguay, and the association of occlusal traits with demographic, clinical and socioeconomic factors, considering a life course approach. A cross-sectional study using data from the First National Oral Health Survey in Uruguay was conducted. A two-stage cluster procedure was used to select a sample of 278 individuals in Montevideo. Household interviews and oral examinations were performed by six dentists. Dental Aesthetic (DAI) and Decayed Missing and Filled Teeth Indices (DMFT) were used to assess orthodontic treatment need and dental caries, respectively. Early life and current socioeconomic factors were obtained from the interview. Ordinal logistic regression was used to model the DAI index. Prevalence of definite malocclusion was 20.6%, followed by severe (8.2%) and very severe (7.6%). In the adjusted analysis, individuals with untreated dental caries (OR = 1.11; 95%CI: 1.03-1.20) and those who reported a lower socioeconomic level at 6 years of age (OR = 5.52; 95%CI: 1.06-28.62) had a higher chance of being a worse case of malocclusion. Current socioeconomic position was not associated with orthodontic treatment need. Individuals aged 22-24 years (OR = 1.59; 95%CI: 1.05-2.41) had a lower chance than those aged 14-17. This study shows that orthodontic treatment need is relatively high in Uruguayan adolescents and young adults. There is a potential relationship between early life socioeconomic status and the occurrence of malocclusion in adolescents and young adults under a life course approach.El objetivo de este estudio es estimar el tratamiento de ortodoncia que necesitan jóvenes entre 15 y 24 años en Montevideo, Uruguay, y la asociación de los rasgos oclusores con factores demográficos, clínicos y socioeconómicos, considerando el ciclo vital. Se trata de un estudio transversal que maneja datos de la Primera Encuesta Nacional de Salud Bucal en Uruguay. Se utilizó un procedimiento de análisis de clúster en dos fases para seleccionar una muestra de 278 personas en Montevideo. Se realizaron entrevistas domiciliarias y exámenes bucales por parte de seis dentistas. Se usaron también datos de índices de cirugías estéticas (DAI) y del número de dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados (DCPO), con el fin de evaluar el tratamiento necesario ortodóntico y las caries dentales, respectivamente. La primera infancia y la situación socioeconómica actual fueron factores que se obtuvieron de la entrevista. Se usó una regresión logística ordinaria para modelar el índice DAI. La prevalencia de la maloclusión definitiva fue de un 20,6%, seguida por la severa (8,2%) y la muy severa (7,6%). En el análisis ajustado, las personas que no se habían tratado las caries dentales (OR = 1,11; IC95%: 1,03-1,20), y quienes informaron de un nivel socioeconómico bajo a los 6 años de edad (OR = 5,52; IC95%: 1,06-28,62), tenían una mayor probabilidad de sufrir un caso de maloclusión. La posición socioeconómica actual no se asoció con el tratamiento ortodóntico necesitado. Las personas con 22-24 años (OR = 1,59; IC95%: 1,05-2,41) tenían una probabilidad más baja que aquellos con una edad entre 14-17. Este estudio muestra que el tratamiento ortodóntico necesario es relativamente alto en adolescentes uruguayos y adultos jóvenes. Hay una relación potencial entre el estatus socioeconómico en la primera infancia y la ocurrencia de maloclusión en adolescentes y jóvenes adultos desde una perspectiva del ciclo vital.O estudo teve como objetivo estimar a necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico na faixa etária de 15 a 24 anos em Montevideo, Uruguai, e a associação entre características oclusais e fatores demográficos, clínicos e socioeconômicos, com base na trajetória de vida. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, utilizando dados da 1a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Oral do Uruguai. Foi utilizado um procedimento de cluster em dois estágios para selecionar uma amostra de 278 indivíduos em Montevideo. Entrevistas domiciliares e exames odontológicos foram realizados por seis odontólogos. O índice de estética dentária (DAI) e o índice de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (DMFT/CPOD) foram usados para avaliar a necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico e de cárie dentária, respectivamente. Foram obtidos dados socioeconômicos da primeira infância e atuais, a partir de entrevistas. Foi utilizada a regressão logística ordinal para modelar o índice de estética dentária. A prevalência de oclusopatia definida era 20,6%, seguida pela forma grave (8,2%) e muito grave (7,6%). Na análise ajustada, indivíduos com cárie dentária não tratada (OR = 1,11; IC95%: 1,03-1,20) e aqueles de nível socioeconômico mais baixo aos 6 anos de idade (OR = 5,52; IC95%: 1,06-28,62) mostravam chances mais altas de apresentar oclusopatia mais grave. O nível socioeconômico atual não mostrou associação com necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico. Os indivíduos na faixa etária de 22-24 anos (OR = 1,59; IC95%: 1,05-2,41) mostraram probabilidade menor de oclusopatia quando comparados com a faixa etária de 14-17 anos. O estudo mostra que a necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico é relativamente alta entre adolescentes e adultos jovens uruguaios. De acordo com a abordagem de trajetória de vida, existe uma relação potencial entre nível socioeconômico na primeira infância e oclusopatia em adolescentes e adultos jovens

Tumores odontogénicos a células fantasmas. Conceptos actuales y aporte de 10 nuevos casos

Registros de casosSe presentan 10 nuevos casos de neoplasias odontogénicas a células fantasmas del archivo de la Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica de la Facultad de Odontología de la UDELAR de Montevideo, Uruguay. Estos tumores constituyeron el 0,08 porciento del total de biopsias del Servicio y el 2,9 porciento de todas las neoplasias odontogénicas registradas. Nueve fueron tumores odontogénicos quísticos calcificantes y uno fue tumor dentinogénico a células fantasmas. Ocho casos fueron centrales y dos periféricos (uno, quístico y el otro, sólido). Se registraron las características clínicas, radiográficas e histopatológicas y se compararon con otros trabajos de la literatura internacional.(AU

A 10-year analysis of the oral squamous cell carcinoma profile in patients from public health centers in Uruguay

The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics and predictive factors of poor prognosis in patients with primary oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in Uruguay. Medical records of patients with the diagnosis of primary OSCC treated between 2000 and 2010 in Uruguayan public hospitals were selected. Data on demographic characteristics, risk factors, clinical features, treatment, and outcome were collected. Associations of independent variables with outcomes were assessed using Pearson chi-squared and Fisher's tests. Of 200 patients with OSCC, 79.4% were men (3.8:1 male:female ratio), with a mean age of 60.75 ± 11.26 years. Tobacco and alcohol consumption were reported by 85.3% and 63.5% of patients, respectively. The most commonly affected location was the tongue (42.5%), with lesions exhibiting ulcerous aspects in 87.9% of cases and pain at the time of diagnosis in 70.4% of cases. One hundred sixty-one (82.1%) patients had advanced-stage (III/IV) OSCC. Surgery was the most common treatment option, and the overall 5-year survival rate was 58.5%. Univariate analysis showed that the predictors of poor prognosis were clinical aspect, size, regional metastasis, clinical stage, and treatment. In Uruguay, OSCC is diagnosed late, which is associated with a low survival rate. Educational and preventive measures and investment to improve early diagnosis should be undertake

Mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014

Oral and oropharyngeal cancer is considered a public health problem in several countries due to its high incidence and mortality rate. Objective: This study aimed to analyze oral and oropharyngeal cancer mortality in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014 by age, sex and country region. Methodology: A time series ecological study using secondary data was performed. Data on mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancers were obtained from the Vital Statistics Department of Uruguay's Ministry of Public Health. Results: The cumulative mortality rate due to oral and oropharyngeal cancer over the study period was of 19.26/100,000 persons in women and 83.61/100.000 in men, with a mean annual rate of 1.75/100,000 in women and 7.60/100,000 in men. Mortality rate from both sites during the study period was 4.34 times higher in men than in women. Malignant neoplasms of other parts of the tongue and base of tongue showed the highest mortality rate. The means of the annual coefficients of deaths were higher for the age groups between 50 and 69 years. Higher mortality rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancer were observed in Artigas (4.63) and Cerro Largo (3.75). Conclusions: Our study described a high mortality rate for oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014. According to the country's health department, men, tongue cancer, and oral cavity had higher mortality rates, with some variation. Prevention strategies with control of risk factors and early diagnosis are necessary to improve survival in the Uruguayan population

Trends of mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancers in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014

To analyze the trends of oral and oropharyngeal cancer mortality in Uruguay between 1997 and 2014 according to sex and age groups and its possible association with sociodemographic factors. A time-series ecological study using secondary data was performed. The data about mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancers were obtained from the Statistics Vitals Department of the Public Health Ministry of Uruguay. To estimate the mortality trends of the historical series, by sex, anatomical site and age groups, linear regressions generated by the Prais-Winsten procedure were used. The analysis of mortality trends for oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers in Uruguay indicated that the global mortality rate was stable over the studied period. The women's mortality rate increased from 0.51 per 100,000 in 1997 to 0.65 per 100,000 in 2014 while for men, rates per 100,000 went from 3.22 in 1997 to 2.20 per 100,000 in 2014. Mortality from oral cancer in men decreased between 1997 and 2014. Mortality by oropharyngeal cancer, irrespective of sex, remained stable. Analysis by cancer site revealed decreasing trends tumors situated in the base of the tongue and gum. Years of education, unemployment, smoking and Gini index were not associated with mortality trends. The overall mortality from oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Uruguay has remained constant in the period between 1997 and 2014. Oral cancer mortality decreased in men and increased in women and decreased at the base of the tongue. It?s necessary to continue monitoring the behavior of these diseases

Mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014

Oral and oropharyngeal cancer is considered a public health problem in several countries due to its high incidence and mortality rate. Objective: This study aimed to analyze oral and oropharyngeal cancer mortality in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014 by age, sex and country region. Methodology: A time series ecological study using secondary data was performed. Data on mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancers were obtained from the Vital Statistics Department of Uruguay's Ministry of Public Health. Results: The cumulative mortality rate due to oral and oropharyngeal cancer over the study period was of 19.26/100,000 persons in women and 83.61/100.000 in men, with a mean annual rate of 1.75/100,000 in women and 7.60/100,000 in men. Mortality rate from both sites during the study period was 4.34 times higher in men than in women. Malignant neoplasms of other parts of the tongue and base of tongue showed the highest mortality rate. The means of the annual coefficients of deaths were higher for the age groups between 50 and 69 years. Higher mortality rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancer were observed in Artigas (4.63) and Cerro Largo (3.75). Conclusions: Our study described a high mortality rate for oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014. According to the country’s health department, men, tongue cancer, and oral cavity had higher mortality rates, with some variation. Prevention strategies with control of risk factors and early diagnosis are necessary to improve survival in the Uruguayan population