650 research outputs found
Epidemiology and antifungal resistance in invasive aspergillosis according to primary disease - review of the literature
Aspergilli, less susceptible to antifungals emerge and resistance to azoles have been found mainly in Aspergillus fumigatus; this has launched a new phase in handling aspergillosis. Resistant strains have currently been reported from Belgium, Canada, China, Denmark, France, Norway, Spain, Sweden, The Netherlands, UK and the USA. Centres in the UK (Manchester) and The Netherlands (Nijmegen) have described particularly high frequencies (15 and 10% respectively), and a significant increase in azole resistance in recent years. The reason of this high incidence may be due to long term azole therapy in patients with chronic aspergillosis in Manchester, and due to high use of agricultural azoles in Nijmegen. The primary underlying mechanism of resistance is as a result of alterations in the cyp51A target gene, with a variety of mutations found in clinical isolates and one genotype identified in the environmental (LH98). Reports on well documented in vitro and in vivo resistance to echinocandins are rare for Aspergillus species and resistance may be under-diagnosed as susceptibility testing is less frequently performed due to technical reasons
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, terbinafine, and azole drugs against clinical and environmental isolates of apergillus terreus Sensu Stricto
The antifungal susceptibilities of 40 clinical and environmental isolates of A. terreus sensu stricto to amphotericin B, terbinafine, itraconazole, and voriconazole were determined in accordance with CLSI document M38-A2. All isolates had itraconazole and voriconazole MICs lower than epidemiologic cutoff values, and 5% of the isolates had amphotericin B MICs higher than epidemiologic cutoff values. Terbinafine showed the lowest MICs. No significant differences were found when MICs of clinical and environmental isolates were compared.Fil: FernĂĄndez, Mariana Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Instituto de Medicina Regional; ArgentinaFil: Rojas, Florencia Dinorah. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Instituto de Medicina Regional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cattana, Maria Emilia. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Instituto de Medicina Regional; ArgentinaFil: Sosa, Maria de Los Angeles. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Instituto de Medicina Regional; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Instituto de Medicina Regional; ArgentinaFil: Iovannitti, Cristina A.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en MicrobiologĂa y ParasitologĂa MĂ©dica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en MicrobiologĂa y ParasitologĂa MĂ©dica; ArgentinaFil: Lass Flörl, Cornelia. Medical University Of Innsbruck; AustriaFil: Giusiano, Gustavo Emilio. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Instituto de Medicina Regional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentin
Voriconazole MICs are predictive for the outcome of experimental disseminated scedosporiosis
Scedosporiosis is associated with a mortality rate of up to 90% in patients suffering from disseminated infections. Recommended first-line treatment is voriconazole, but epidemiological cut-off values and clinical breakpoints have not been determined.
Objectives: To correlate voriconazole treatment response in mice suffering from disseminated scedosporiosis
with MIC values determined using CLSI broth microdilution, Etest (bioMeÂŽrieux) and disc diffusio
Candida glabrataâs recurrent infections: biofilm formation during Amphotericin B treatment
Candida species are responsible for recurrent human infections, mostly in immunocompromised patients, due to their high vulnerability. Candida glabrata has a major role in systemic candidiasis and Amphotericin B (AmB), a hospital environment exclusive polyene, is frequently used to treat this disease. Lately, however, clinical evidences of Candida recurrent infections during these treatments are being described, probably due to biofilms (re)formation during this therapy.
Thus, this work aims at inferring if C. glabrata biofilms are still being formed during AmB treatment.
For that, C. glabrata biofilms were formed in the presence of AmB and analysed by dry weight. Matrix composition was analysed quantifying carbohydrates and, specifically, -1,3 glucans.
Results demonstrated that, although in a lesser extent, C. glabrata is able to develop biofilms in the presence of AmB, with a thick extracellular matrix, with an increase on carbohydrates, especially -1,3 glucans. Therefore, it is confirmed that complex biofilms of C. glabrata can be formed during an AmB treatment.This work was supported by the Programa Operacional,
Fatores de competitividade â COMPETE and by national
funds through FCT â Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e a Tecnologia
on the scope of the projects FCT PTDC/SAUMIC/119069/2010,
RECI/EBB-EBI/0179/2012, PEst-OE/
EQB/LA0023/2013 and C elia F. Rodriguesâ SFRH/BD/
93078/2013 PhD grant. The authors thank the Project
âBioHealth - Biotechnology and Bioengineering approaches
to improve health qualityâ, Ref. NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-
000027, co-funded by the Programa Operacional Regional
do Norte (ON.2 â O Novo Norte), QREN, FEDER
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