Analyse des musiques d'informatique, vers une intégration de l'artefact : propositions théoriques et application sur Jupiter (1987) de Philippe Manoury

Cette thèse questionne l\u27analyse des musiques d\u27informatique. Ces musiques sont particulières dans la mesure où elles existent avec un medium tout à fait singulier, un medium numérique, que nous désignons tout au long de nos travaux par artefact. Notre réflexion part du constat que les moyens d’appréhension de ces artefacts sont nouveaux pour la théorie de l’analyse musicale. Nous posons alors en liminaire de nos travaux la question suivante : «  comment analyser ces musiques à partir de leur artefact ? ». Notre thèse est une réponse à cette question en utilisant une pièce pionnière des années 1980, Jupiter, de Philippe Manoury, pour flûte et électronique, composée à l’Ircam avec Miller Puckette. Notre réponse se fait en trois temps. Dans un premier nous éclairons les artefacts en relevant cinq points de singularité qui leur sont propres et nous mettons en évidence un système clé dans l’étude des artefacts, le système Homme-Artefact-Son. Dans un deuxième temps nous apportons des réponses théoriques à la question. Nous montrons que les artefacts sont difficiles à saisir dans la mesure où ils se structurent en différents niveaux d’abstraction. Toute saisie doit alors se faire au sein d’un processus hautement dynamique, où des significations computationnelles, sonores et musicales se recouvrent autant que nécessaire. Un cadre conceptuel est ensuite proposé pour guider la description des artefacts. Enfin le dernier temps de notre thèse est dédié à l’analyse de Jupiter. Nous mettons en pratique les éléments de réponses que nous avons avancés. L’artefact de la pièce est entièrement démantelé et ensuite une analyse est effectuée, section par section, en confrontant l’écoute et la connaissance que nous avons acquise de l’artefact

Évaluation de la recherche, les principes de la déclaration DORA

La Science Ouverte a pour corollaire un changement de paradigme profond des pratiques scientifiques. Notre poster cible un des segments de ce paradigme, celui de l\u27évaluation de la science, lequel est évidemment en interaction avec d\u27autres, comme celui des publications, ou celui des données de la recherche. Le besoin de revoir l\u27évaluation scientifique n\u27est plus à démontrer. Il se retrouve dans un des 8 axes de l\u27appel de Jussieu (2017), et fait l\u27objet d\u27un nouveau projet du CoSo (2018). À l\u27échelle internationale cette nécessité se cristallise autour d\u27une déclaration internationale de 2013, la San Fransisco Decleration on Ressarch Assessement (DORA), faite de 18 recommandations. Notre poster propose une vue holistique de ces déclarations, en trois niveaux : (i) celui des acteurs : Plateformes d’indicateurs et Éditeurs scientifiques, côté production, et Financeurs, Établissements puis Chercheurs côté utilisation ; (ii) celui des pratiques avec quatre recommandations globales : Guider l\u27usage, Changer les pratiques, Transparence et élargir les données ; enfin (iii) le niveau technique, qui éclaire le soubassement d\u27où proviennent les indicateurs. Alors que les déclarations sont principalement présentées linéairement, un intérêt de ce poster réside dans les différents angles de lecture qu\u27il permet. À l\u27issue de sa lecture, nous constatons une résistance (potentielle) au paradigme de la Science Ouverte, celui d\u27utiliser des plateformes "fermées" d’indicateurs, c\u27est-à-dire celles non contrôlées par la communauté scientifique

Low temperature tunneling current enhancement in silicide/Si Schottky contacts with nanoscale barrier width

The low temperature electrical behavior of adjacent silicide/Si Schottky contacts with or without dopant segregation is investigated. The electrical characteristics are very well modeled by thermionic-field emission for non-segregated contacts separated by micrometer-sized gaps. Still, an excess of current occurs at low temperature for short contact separations or dopant-segregated contacts when the voltage applied to the device is sufficiently high. From two-dimensional self-consistent non-equilibrium Green's function simulations, the dependence of the Schottky barrier profile on the applied voltage, unaccounted for in usual thermionic-field emission models, is found to be the source of this deviation

Aportes al conocimiento de la hidatidosis como zoonosis urbana

En la República Argentina, la hidatidosis constituye un serio problema que afecta a la salud publica y tiene graves repercusiones socioeconómicas. Las fuertes corrientes urbanisticas han traido consigo el traslado de algunas costumbres rurales hacia los centros poblados. A partir ae ello la hidatidosis en las areas endêmicas ha adquirido importância como zoonosis urbana. Si bien las cifras de infección canina halladas (1.12%) son significativamente inferiores que en las áreas rurales de la misma región, la capacidad potencial de infectar al hombre es muy superior en canes domiciliados en áreas de gran densidad demográfica. Las altas tasas de infección humana halladas son demostrativas de los aspectos señalados

The use of Immunodiagnostic Techniques in Sheep for the Epidemiological Surveillance of Cystic Echinococcosis

Objective: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic zoonosis caused by Echinococcus granulosussensu lato. Immunodiagnostic techniques such as Western blot (WB) or enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA), with different antigens, can be applied to the diagnosis ofsheep for epidemiological surveillance purposes in control programs. However, its use islimited by the existence of antigenic cross-reactivity between different species of taeniidaepresent in sheep. Therefore, the usefulness of establishing surveillance systems based on theidentification of infection present in a livestock establishment, known as the (Epidemiological)Implementation Unit (IU), needs to be evaluated.Materials and Methods: A new ELISA diagnostic technique has been recently developed andvalidated using the recombinant EgAgB8/2 antigen for the detection of antibodies against E.granulosus. To determine detection of infection at the IU level using information from thisdiagnostic technique, simulations were carried out to evaluate the sample size required toclassify IUs as likely infected, using outputs from a recently developed Bayesian latent classanalysis model.Results: Relatively small samples sizes (between 14-29) are sufficient to achieve a highprobability of detection (above 80%), across a range of prevalence, with the recentlyrecommended Optical Density cut-off value for this novel ELISA (0.496), which optimizesdiagnostic sensitivity and specificity.Conclusions: This diagnostic technique could be potentially used to identify the prevalence ofinfection in an area under control, measured as the percentage of IUs with the presence ofinfected sheep (infection present), or to individually identify the IU with ongoing transmission,given the presence of infected lambs, on which control measures should be intensified.Fil: Poggio, Thelma Veronica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología "Dr. César Milstein". Fundación Pablo Cassará. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología "Dr. César Milstein"; ArgentinaFil: Mujica, Guillermo Bernardo. Ministerio de Salud de Rio Negro; ArgentinaFil: Prada, Joaquin M.. University of Surrey; Reino UnidoFil: Larrieu, Edmundo Juan. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentin

Early Diagnosis, Treatment and Follow-Up of Cystic Echinococcosis in Remote Rural Areas in Patagonia: Impact of Ultrasound Training of Non-Specialists

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an important and widespread disease that affects sheep, cattle, and humans living in areas where sheep and cattle are raised. CE is highly endemic in rural sections of Rio Negro, Argentina, where our group is based. However, it requires continuous monitoring of both populations with human disease best assessed by means of ultrasound (US) screening. This is challenging in remote rural areas due to the shortage of imaging specialists. To overcome this hurdle, we set up a two-day training program of Focused Assessment with Sonography for Echinococcosis (FASE) on CE for family medicine practitioners with no previous experience in US. After the course, they were equipped with portable US scanners and dispatched to remote rural areas in Rio Negro where they screened patients, located and staged the cysts and decided on the treatment with the help of surgeons and radiologists in local tertiary care centers

A feasibility randomised controlled trial of the New Orleans intervention of infant mental health: a study protocol

Child maltreatment is associated with life-long social, physical, and mental health problems. Intervening early to provide maltreated children with safe, nurturing care can improve outcomes. The need for prompt decisions about permanent placement (i.e., regarding adoption or return home) is internationally recognised. However, a recent Glasgow audit showed that many maltreated children “revolve” between birth families and foster carers. This paper describes the protocol of the first exploratory randomised controlled trial of a mental health intervention aimed at improving placement permanency decisions for maltreated children. This trial compares an infant's mental health intervention with the new enhanced service as usual for maltreated children entering care in Glasgow. As both are new services, the trial is being conducted from a position of equipoise. The outcome assessment covers various fields of a child’s neurodevelopment to identify problems in any ESSENCE domain. The feasibility, reliability, and developmental appropriateness of all outcome measures are examined. Additionally, the potential for linkage with routinely collected data on health and social care and, in the future, education is explored. The results will inform a definitive randomised controlled trial that could potentially lead to long lasting benefits for the Scottish population and which may be applicable to other areas of the world

HIGH-LEVEL APPLICATION FRAMEWORK FOR LCLS*

each other easily. Also, many components such as Help, A framework for high level accelerator application Search, Cut, Copy and Paste are seamlessly integrated software is being developed for the Linac Coherent Light through the Eclipse framework. Source (LCLS). The framework is based on plug-in technology developed by an open source project, Eclipse. Many existing functionalities provided by Eclipse are available to high-level applications written within this framework. The framework also contains static data storage configuration and dynamic data connectivity. Because the framework is Eclipse-based, it is highly compatible with any other Eclipse plug-ins. The entire infrastructure of the software framework will be presented. Planned applications and plug-ins based on the framework are also presented

Prelamin A impairs 53BP1 nuclear entry by mislocalizing NUP153 and disrupting the Ran gradient.

The nuclear lamina is essential for the proper structure and organization of the nucleus. Deregulation of A-type lamins can compromise genomic stability, alter chromatin organization and cause premature vascular aging. Here, we show that accumulation of the lamin A precursor, prelamin A, inhibits 53BP1 recruitment to sites of DNA damage and increases basal levels of DNA damage in aged vascular smooth muscle cells. We identify that this genome instability arises through defective nuclear import of 53BP1 as a consequence of abnormal topological arrangement of nucleoporin NUP153. We show for the first time that this nucleoporin is important for the nuclear localization of Ran and that the deregulated Ran gradient is likely to be compromising the nuclear import of 53BP1. Importantly, many of the defects associated with prelamin A expression were significantly reduced upon treatment with Remodelin, a small molecule recently reported to reverse deficiencies associated with abnormal nuclear lamina.British Heart Foundation (Grant ID: RG/11/14/29056), Medical Research Council (Grant ID: MR/L019116/1), Cancer Research UK (Grant IDs: C6/A11224, C6946/A14492), European Research Council, European Community Seventh Framework Programme (Grant ID: HEALTH-F2-2010-259893) , Wellcome Trust (Grant ID: WT092096), University of CambridgeThis is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acel.1250

Modelling the probability of microhabitat formation on trees using cross-sectional data

The rate of TreM formation per unit diameter growth was modelled as a function of tree diameter at breast height (DBH), and the model was calibrated considering cross-sectional observations TreMs on trees of different sizes. The model predicted realistic TreM formation rates at the tree and stand levels in forests dominated by Abies alba and Fagus sylvatica. This approach opens new perspectives to the analysis of forest biodiversity conservation strategies