11 research outputs found
021: Clopidogrel low response and correlation between the different tests: light transmission aggregometry, VerifyNow-P2Y12 and V ASP
BackgroundClopidogrel low response correlates with poor prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Many biological tests are currently available to test the clopidogrel response. However, the presence of any correlation between the different tests is today poorly reported.MethodsIn this prospective study, clopidogrel response was assessed in 100 consecutive patients. All patients were tested between 18h and 24h after a600mg clopidogrel loading dose using 3 different tests: light transmission aggregometry with 10ÎŒmol ADP (LTA, results expressed as platelet inhibition percentage), VerifyNow-P2Y12 (VN, results expressed as PRU) and vasodilatator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP, results expressed as IRP). Patients under chronic clopidogrel therapy were excluded.ResultsThe mean platelet inhibition percentage, PRU value and IRP value were 38.5±13% by LTA, 178±89 PRU by VN and 52±21% by VASP. When results were analyzed as continuous variables, there was a good correlation between the different tests: LTA/VN (R2=0,642, p<0,001), LTA/VASP (R2=0,409, p<0,001) and VN/VASP (R2=0,616, p<0,001). However, when results were analyzed as pre-specified cut-off points to define patients as âlow or good respondersâ (according to the literature: 50% for LTA, 235 PRU for VN and 50% IRP for VASP), only 47% of the patients were defined as âgoodâ or âlow respondersâ by the 3 tests. Altogether, 33% of the patients were defined as âlow respondersâ by only 1 test, 20% by 2 tests and only 16% by the 3 tests.ConclusionIf the correlation between the different tests is good when results are analyzed as continuous variables, each individual is rarely (less than 50%) defined as âlow or good responderâ by all the 3 tests when recognized cut-off values are used. In that way, a sole test might not be sufficient to manage antiplatelet therapy in an individual patient
Impact of initial clinical presentation on clopidogrel low response
SummaryBackgroundLarge interindividual variability exists in clopidogrel response. Clopidogrel low response correlates with poor prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention. Some authors also suggest intraindividual variability over time.AimTo assess the impact of initial clinical presentation on clopidogrel low response.MethodsIn this prospective study, clopidogrel response was assessed in 100 patients. Fifty patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS group) were compared with 50 patients with stable coronary artery disease matched 1:1 for age, sex, body mass index and diabetes (stable group). All patients were tested 18â24h after a 600mg loading dose of clopidogrel using the VerifyNow-P2Y12 test (results expressed as platelet reaction units [PRUs]). Patients under chronic clopidogrel therapy or treated with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, bivalirudin or thrombolytics were excluded.ResultsMean age was 61±12 years in each group; 28% of patients in each group were diabetic; mean body mass index was 27.6±5.6kg/m2 in the ACS group and 27.9±5.9kg/m2 in the stable group (p=0.80). Mean PRU values were 197±81 in the ACS group and 159±94 in the stable group (p=0.03). By multivariable analysis, the ACS group was significantly associated with a higher PRU value (p=0.02). There were significantly more clopidogrel low responders (PRU value>230) in the ACS group (38% vs. 18%; p=0.04).ConclusionOur study confirms that initial clinical presentation, especially ACS, is a strong predictor of clopidogrel low response; this suggests that the evolution of coronary artery disease for one patient influences the clopidogrel response over time. These results are in accordance with recent trials showing a benefit for more aggressive antiplatelet therapy in ACS patients
Transformations agricoles et agroalimentaires
Ă lâheure des robots et du numĂ©rique, la terre (habitat, agriculture, paysage, planĂšte) et la nourriture (du corps et de lâĂąme) sont parmi les prĂ©occupations majeures dans les espaces mĂ©diatiques et politiques. Le pĂ©trole et lâabondance qui lâa accompagnĂ© nous avaient fait oublier quâelles sont au fondement des sociĂ©tĂ©s humaines. La « crise alimentaire » de 2008, qui a secouĂ© plusieurs continents, a rappelĂ© aux gouvernements lâenjeu de la sĂ©curitĂ© alimentaire. AprĂšs des dĂ©cennies dâexcĂ©dents, de baisse du prix des produits agricoles de base, la question de la valeur de la terre et de lâagriculture est de retour. La question de la santĂ© et celle des droits humains prennent une place Ă©largie tant dans les politiques publiques et dans la production de normes alimentaires. Des mouvements sociaux transnationaux sâemparent de la question de lâavenir de lâagriculture et de lâalimentation, et de celle de la « bonne vie ». Pour contribuer Ă cette rĂ©flexion sur lâavenir de la terre et de la nourriture, cet ouvrage Ă©tudie la socialisation de lâagriculture, câest-Ă -dire sa prise en charge tant par les politiques agricoles (essentiellement nationales) que par lâorganisation des marchĂ©s dans un cadre national et international. Il le fait en prenant un large recul et mobilise trois temporalitĂ©s. La premiĂšre est celle de la planĂšte. La seconde, celle des rĂ©gimes mĂ©taboliques, façons dont lâhumanitĂ© Ă diffĂ©rents stades de dĂ©veloppement, mobilise matĂ©riaux et Ă©nergie. La troisiĂšme est celle du capitalisme, avec la succession de systĂšmes hĂ©gĂ©moniques (ce qui nâexclue pas de multiples polaritĂ©s). Cet ouvrage rĂ©unit des recherches rĂ©centes dâĂ©conomistes, de sociologues, dâhistoriens et dâagronomes, de diffĂ©rents pays, recherches qui ont en commun de concerner la place de lâagriculture dans lâĂ©volution des capitalismes
Impact du mode de présentation clinique sur la réponse au clopidogrel (analyse prospective portant sur 100 patients coronariens)
LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF
La filiĂšre laine Ă lâheure de lâinnovation sociale. Quelles transformations dans le Massif central (France)?
International audienceThis article offers a comparative analysis of three socially innovative initiatives within the sheepâs wool processing sector in the Massif Central: PĂŽle Laine (dĂ©partement of Haute-Loire), Ardelaine (dĂ©partement of ArdĂšche) and Terre de Laine (dĂ©partement of Puy-de-DĂŽme). All three of these entities have successfully achieved a three-fold anchoring: anchoring within a region, anchoring within the wool processing industry and anchoring within social innovation networks. However they differ from each other in terms of the chronology of their subsequent implementation of these anchorings; being linked to the process of constructing innovative approaches, this was achieved at different stages and in a different order. But for all three centres, introducing systemic change was only possible after anchoring in all three areas had been achieved. Consequently, there is evidence that social innovation in the wool-processing industry is a response to the crisis within this weakened sector of the economy; it also serves to boost regional dynamism in struggling and land-locked mountainous areas. Lastly, we found that these three initiatives have resulted in a diversification that is not limited to the woollen industry alone; sectoral innovation has thus resulted in the emergence of full-blown regional projects.Cet article propose une analyse comparative de trois initiatives porteuses dâinnovation sociale dans la transformation de la laine ovine du Massif central : le PĂŽle Laine (Haute-Loire), Ardelaine (ArdĂšche) et Terre de Laine (Puy-de-DĂŽme). Ces trois entitĂ©s ont pour point commun dâavoir fait aboutir un triple ancrage : ancrage dans les territoires, ancrage dans la filiĂšre de la transformation lainiĂšre, ancrage dans les rĂ©seaux de lâinnovation sociale. Elles se distinguent en revanche par des chronologies diffĂ©renciĂ©es dans la rĂ©alisation successive de ces ancrages, qui se sont arrimĂ©s au processus de construction des dĂ©marches dâinnovation Ă des stades diffĂ©rents et dans un ordre diffĂ©rent. Mais pour les trois pĂŽles, lâinduction dâun changement systĂ©mique nâa pu se faire quâĂ partir du moment oĂč les trois ancrages ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s. DĂšs lors, il apparaĂźt que lâinnovation sociale dans la filiĂšre laine est une solution pour rĂ©pondre Ă la crise dâun secteur Ă©conomique fragilisĂ©, mais aussi pour relancer une dynamique territoriale dans des espaces de montagne enclavĂ©s et en difficultĂ©. Enfin, nous observons que les trois initiatives ont abouti Ă une diversification des activitĂ©s au-delĂ de la seule filiĂšre laine, passant ainsi dâune innovation sectorielle Ă lâĂ©mergence de vĂ©ritables projets de territoires
Initiatives citoyennes de transition soutenable et diffusion : formes et fonctions de la mise en réseaux territorialisés
International audienceCitizens' initiatives for sustainable lifestyles have been multiplying all over Europe since the beginning of the 21st century. The literature emphasises that they bear visions, values and practices which slightly differ from the dominant societal model. Nevertheless, the crucial question of the capacity of such local initiatives to transform territories on a larger scale has not yet been addressed. In this article, we start with the hypothesis that the consolidation and dissemination of alternative values and practices within territories depends on the weaving of links between the actors of alternative projects and their networking. Based on the results of research on citizen initiatives in the Northern Alps and the Massif Central, this article highlights the forms and functions of such territorialized networks.Les initiatives citoyennes visant des modes de vie soutenables se multiplient partout en Europe depuis le dĂ©but du xxie siĂšcle. La littĂ©rature souligne quâelles sont porteuses de visions, valeurs et pratiques alternatives au modĂšle sociĂ©tal dominant. NĂ©anmoins, la question, cruciale, de la capacitĂ© de ces expĂ©riences Ă transformer plus largement les territoires a encore peu Ă©tĂ© abordĂ©e Ă ce jour. Dans cet article, nous partons de lâhypothĂšse que la consolidation et la diffusion des valeurs et pratiques alternatives au sein des territoires passe par le tissage de liens entre porteurs de projets alternatifs et leur mise en rĂ©seaux. Ă partir des rĂ©sultats de recherche sur des initiatives citoyennes en moyenne montagne des Alpes du Nord et du Massif central, nous mettons en lumiĂšre les formes et fonctions de tels rĂ©seaux territorialisĂ©s
Initiatives citoyennes de transition soutenable et diffusion : formes et fonctions de la mise en réseaux territorialisés
Citizens' initiatives for sustainable lifestyles have been multiplying all over Europe since the beginning of the 21st century. The literature emphasises that they bear visions, values and practices which slightly differ from the dominant societal model. Nevertheless, the crucial question of the capacity of such local initiatives to transform territories on a larger scale has not yet been addressed. In this article, we start with the hypothesis that the consolidation and dissemination of alternative values and practices within territories depends on the weaving of links between the actors of alternative projects and their networking. Based on the results of research on citizen initiatives in the Northern Alps and the Massif Central, this article highlights the forms and functions of such territorialized networks