ICKSC :An Efficient Methodology for Predicting Kidney Stone From CT Kidney Image Dataset using Conventional Neural Networks

Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD) has become one among the world wide health crisis and needs the associated efforts to prevent the complete organ damage. A considerable research effort has been put forward onto the effective separation and classification of kidney Stones from the kidney CT Images. Emerging machine learning along with deep learning algorithms have waved the novel paths of kidney stone detections. But these methods are proved to be laborious and its success rate is purely depends on the previous experiences. To achieve the better classification of kidney stone, this paper proposes a novel Intelligent CNN based Kidney Stone Classification (ICKSC) system which is based on transfer learning mechanism and incorporates 8 Layered CNN, densenet169_model, mobilenetv2_model, vgg19_model and xception_model. The extensive experimentation has been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the recommended structure and matched with the other prevailing hybrid deep learning model. Experimentation demonstrates that the suggested model has showed the superior predominance over the other models and exhibited better performance in terms of training loss, accuracy, recall and precision

Big data to optimise product strategy in electronic industry

This research identifies the success factors for new product development and competitive advantage as well as argues how big data can expedite the process of launching a new product initiative. By combining the research findings and the patterns of background theories, an inquisitive framework for the new product development and competitive advantage is proposed. This model and framework is a prototype, which with the aid of scenario recommends the parsimonious and an unified way to elucidate the requisite of the market analysis, organizational potential and customer insights for product strategy and competitive advantage

A Study on Buying Behavior of Consumer towards Online Shopping With Reference to Bangalore City

On-line shopping is a recent phenomenon in the field of E-Business and is definitely going to be the future of shopping in the world. Most of the companies are running their on-line portals to sell their products/services on-line. Though online shopping is very common outside India, its growth in Indian Market, which is a large and strategic consumer market, is still not in line with the global market. This new shopping technique is innovative in nature. As compared to traditional way of doing shopping, it not just brings an incredible    number and extensive variety of stock to the purchasers; additionally offers a far reaching market and endless business opportunities. The data was collected through Questionnaires on a sample of 580 respondents from Bangalore City. Simple random sampling method has been used for data collection. Both primary data and secondary data has been collected for this stud

Isolation, speciation and antifungal susceptibility patterns of candida isolated from cases of chronic balanoposthitis

Background:Balanoposthitis is a common condition affecting 11% of male genitourinary clinic attendees and it can be a recurrent or persistent condition. Various predisposing factors like diabetes mellitus, sexual intercourse and usage of oral antibiotics can cause chronic balanoposthitis. The Objective of the study was to isolation and speciation of candida and their antifungal susceptibility patterns from the cases of chronic balanoposthitis.Methods: The study group comprised of swabs collected from 62 male patients with chronic balanoposthitis attending sexually transmitted diseases (STD) outpatient department (OPD), King George Hospital (KGH), Visakhapatnam. Standard mycological tests for the candida isolation, speciation and antifungal susceptibility were done.Results: Out of 62 samples, (85%) were culture positive for candida. The most common species isolated was C. parapsilosis (37.7%), followed by C. glabrata (28.3%), C. albicans (15.09%), C. dubliniensis (9.4%), C. krusei (7.5%) and C. tropicalis (1.88%). Most of the candida species showed sensitivity to amphotericin B, Nystatin, clotrimazole and ketoconazole. A relative resistance to fluconazole and itraconazole was observed.Conclusions: Chronic balanoposthitis is the most common infection in men attending STD, OPD. In the present study, diabetes is main predisposing factor than sexual intercourse and candida non albicans predominated over C. albicans. Resistance of candida species to azoles is on rise. This establishes the importance of determination of antifungal susceptibility patterns to prevent the emergence of drug resistance, prior to initiation of therapy.

A cadaveric study for structural variations of the stomach

Background: The morphology of the stomach taken for the study for its clinical interventions like gastro-oesophagial reflux disorders (GERD) which are very common nowadays because of unusual timing of eating food, stress related jobs, eating of junk foods etc. The obesity now considered to be the 2nd leading cause of death, which can be prevented by gastric reconstructive procedures i.e., the bariatric surgeries.  Methods: The study includes 70 adult cadavers, 28 obtained from the formalin fixed specimens kept for anatomy dissection for 1st year MBBS students from 2009 batch to 2015 batch. The remaining 42 specimens obtained from the postpartum bodies in the Forensic department of Guntur Medical College, Guntur. The abdominal cavity opened according to the incisions in the Cunninghams manual of anatomy. Stomach identified by reflecting anterior abdominal wall. Location noted, shape observed, Length taken, relations blood supply noted, results tabulated.Results: 71.4% specimens are “J” shaped, 14.2% are reverse “L” shaped, 7.2% are cresentic shaped, 7.2% are cylindrical shaped observed. The length is more in “J” shaped specimens. The lower extent of greater curvature at L3 in 71.4% specimens, at L2 in 21.4% specimens, at L4 in 7.2% specimens.Conclusions: The present study discussed about the shape of the stomach and the majority of specimens shown “J” shape. Remaining are reverse “L” shape; cresentic and cylindrical shaped.

Isolation and speciation of genus candida in patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy for head and neck tumours

Background: Fungal infections occur as a result of defect in the immune system. The use of wide-spectrum antibiotics, immunosuppressive therapy, HIV and an increasing incidence of diabetes are some of the causes that resulted in raising number of immunocompromised individuals, in the global scenario. Opportunistic fungal infections mainly oral candidiasis is common in patients undergoing chemotherapy (CT) or radiotherapy (RT) for Head & Neck tumors. Objectives: Isolation and speciation of Candida with antifungal susceptibility testing in patients undergoing CT and RT for Head and Neck tumors.Methods: Study group comprised of 100 saliva samples collected by oral rinse method, (50 chemotherapy and 50 radiotherapy) from inpatients of King George hospital, Visakhapatnam and 50 normal healthy individuals were taken as control group. Standard mycological tests for the Candida isolation, speciation and antifungal susceptibility were done.Results: In the study group out of the 100 patients, 38% were culture positive for Candida. The most commonly isolated species was C. albicans (60.5%) followed by non albicans species. Most of the candida species showed sensitivity to nystatin, amphotericin B, itraconazole and Ketoconazole. In control group 9 out of 50 samples (18%) were culture positive and all the isolates were Candida albicans.Conclusion: Increase in frequency of oral candidiasis in patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy was observed. The increase in positivity may be attributed to inadequate nutritional status and poor oral hygiene during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Culture positivity is more in RT patients than in CT patients. Though C. albicans is the predominant isolate, non albicans species are also emerging. All the Candida species isolated from study group were sensitive to nystatin, amphotericin B, itraconazole and ketoconazole. In the study group all the Candida species were resistant to clotrimazole and fluconazole and in the control group all the C. albicans were sensitive to fluconazole.  

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients at a tertiary care hospital in South India

Background: About one third of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients are co infected with either hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) as the three viruses have similar routes of transmission that is through transfusion of blood and blood products, sharing of needles to inject drugs and unprotected sexual activity. The survival of HIV infected patients has been markedly improved with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However several studies showed that the liver diseases caused by HBV or HCV have emerged as one of the leading causes of non AIDS related deaths in HIV patients. The objective of this work was to study the prevalence of HBV & HCV co-infection in HIV infected patients at a Tertiary care centre in South India.Methods: The study group includes 100 HIV seropositive individuals confirmed by three rapid tests as per NACO (National AIDS Control Organization) guidelines in ICTC (Integrated Counseling and Testing Centre), Department of Microbiology, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. Age and sex matched 100 HIV seronegative individuals were also included in the study as controls. Both the groups were screened for detection of HBV and HCV markers by one rapid test and a solid phase enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (sandwich ELISA).Results: Out of 100 HIV positive patients in the study group 12(12%) were co infected with HBV and 2(2%) were co infected with HCV. Out of 12 HIV and HBV co infected patients 7(58.3%) were females and 5(41.7%) were males. The HIV &HCV co infected patients were both females. Co infection of HBV & HCV with HIV was found to be 0(0%). Co infection was most commonly seen in the age group 31-40 years followed by 21 – 39 years. In the control group out of 100 HIV negative individuals, 1(1%) was infected with HBV infection.Conclusions: The routine screening of HBV and HCV should be mandatory for HIV infected patients, as there is more chance of co infection with these Hepatitis viruses due to enhanced immunodeficiency by HIV and similar routes of transmission. Clear National policies should be established which should include clear economic and health care strategies to improve quality of living conditions, education and easy access to health care facilities.

Familial chylomicronemia: A rare case report

We report a 5-day-old neonate born out of 3rd-degree consanguinity who presented with milky blood, hepatosplenomegaly, and lipemia retinalis (fundus examination). The baby was asymptomatic, euglycemic, and did not have xanthomas. Lipid profile was altered (total cholesterol - 2340 mg/dl, triglycerides (TG) - >10,000 mg/dl, high-density lipoprotein - <5 mg/dl, lipoprotein (a) - <10.1 mg/dl, and apolipoprotein A1 - 795 mg/dl). Lipid profile of mother, father, and elder sibling were normal. The baby was started on skimmed milk powder and medium-chain TGs powder. The baby is under follow-up and lipid profile is improving

Radar Target Characteristics Extraction using Polarization Scattering Matrix

Now a day’s characterization of targets using radar is very important in Air Traffic Control, Defense, and Stealth etc.  In order to know the characteristics of the target it is very essential to know the polarization properties of that particular target which depends upon scattering nature of the target.  The polarization properties are important for radar target besides amplitude, phase and frequency. The polarization may be potentially used to improve target detection, anti-interference, and radar target recognition. Polarization properties of a target can be obtained using polarization scattering matrix (PSM). In this paper the polarization matrix of various geometrical shapes are derived.  For radar target recognition (RTR), a method using properties of the polarization scattering matrix (PPSM) is presented in this paper. A dipole has been considered to calculate the polarization matrix and polarization properties. The properties of the polarization scattering matrix: the determinant, Trace of Power Scattering Matrix, Depolation, Eigen polarization angle and Module of Polarization Ellipticity are analyzed. These properties are analyzed for different orientation angles of the targets

Population structure and genetic differentiation among the substructured Vysya caste population in comparison to the other populations of Andhra Pradesh, India

The present paper focuses on the study of the patterns of genetic microdifferentiation among one of the substructured caste populations of Andhra Pradesh, namely Vysya, with reference to 17 other Telugu speaking populations from the same region of India. A total of 302 individuais from the three Vysya subgroups (101 of Arya Vysya, 100 from Kalinga Vysya and 101 from Thrivarnika) were typed in 17 blood groups and protein polymorphisms. Nei's gene diversity analysis, as well as neighbour-joining tree and UPGMA cluster diagrams, derived from standard genetic distances, R-matrix analysis and a regression model for investigating the patterns of external gene flow and genetic drift due to isolation under the island model, were done at two levels: (1) considering only the three Vysya populations and (2) considering common loci among 20 populations of Andhra Pradesh. Seven of the 17 systems investigated were found to be monomorphic among all the three Vysya groups. The UPGMA tree and bidimensional scaling of the D2 distances derived from R-matrix analysis show a very distinct cluster of Vysya populations. Application of the model of regression of average heterozygosity versus the distance of populations from the centroid shows the three Vysya populations placed as clear outliers above the theoretical regression line. Different approaches employed in this study give support to the hypothesis of different origin and/or demographic story for the three Vysya groups compared with other populations of Andhra Pradesh.Fil: Lakshmi, N.. Andhra University; IndiaFil: Demarchi, Dario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Veerraju, P.. Andhra University; IndiaFil: Rao, T. V.. Andhra University; Indi