15 research outputs found
A South-to-South cultural adaptation of an evidence-based parenting program for families in the Philippines
Rates of child maltreatment are higher in low- and middle-income countries due to risk factors such as social inequities, economic adversity, and sociocultural norms. Given the evidence showing the effectiveness of parenting interventions to prevent child maltreatment, this study embarked on a cultural adaptation of an evidence-based parenting program with the eventual goal of integrating it within a nationwide conditional cash transfer program for low-income Filipino parents with children aged 2â6 years. We document the systematic adaptation of the Parenting for Lifelong Health for Young Children program that was developed and tested in South Africa, for low-resource Filipino families using the heuristic framework for the cultural adaptation of interventions. We underscore the merits of conducting a multistage top-down and bottom-up process that uses a participatory approach among cultural insiders and outsiders to develop a parenting intervention that reflects the contextual realities and cultural values of end users. The adapted program, Masayang Pamilya Para sa Batang Pilipino, is the product of a delicate and deliberate effort to balance Filipino childrearing goals and values with the scientific evidence on components of parenting interventions known to promote positive parenting and prevent child maltreatment
Effectiveness of a parenting programme to reduce violence in a cash transfer system in the Philippines: RCT with follow-up
Background
Parenting interventions and conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes are promising strategies to reduce the risk of violence against children, but evidence of the effectiveness of combining such programmes is lacking for families in low- and middle-income countries with children over two years of age. This study examined the effectiveness of a locally adapted parenting programme delivered as part of a government CCT system to low-income families with children aged two to six years in Metro Manila, Philippines.
Methods
Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to either a 12-session group-based parenting programme or treatment-as-usual services (N = 120). Participation in either service was required among the conditions for receiving cash grants. Baseline assessments were conducted in July 2017 with one-month post-intervention assessments in January-February 2018 and 12-month follow-up in January-February 2019. All assessments were parent-report (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03205449).
Findings
One-month post-intervention assessments indicated moderate intervention effects for primary outcomes of reduced overall child maltreatment (d = -0.50 [-0.86, -0.13]), emotional abuse (d = -0.59 [-0.95; -0.22]), physical abuse (IRR = 0.51 [0.27; 0.74]), and neglect (IRR = 0.52 [0.18; 0.85]). There were also significant effects for reduced dysfunctional parenting, child behaviour problems, and intimate partner violence, and increased parental efficacy and positive parenting. Reduced overall maltreatment, emotional abuse, and neglect effects were sustained at one-year follow-up.
Interpretation
Findings suggest that a culturally adapted parenting intervention delivered as part of a CCT programme may be effective in sustaining reductions in violence against children in low- and middle-income countries
Hostile attributional bias and aggressive behavior in global context.
We tested a model that children's tendency to attribute hostile intent to others in response to provocation is a key psychological process that statistically accounts for individual differences in reactive aggressive behavior and that this mechanism contributes to global group differences in children's chronic aggressive behavior problems. Participants were 1,299 children (mean age at year 1 = 8.3 y; 51% girls) from 12 diverse ecological-context groups in nine countries worldwide, followed across 4 y. In year 3, each child was presented with each of 10 hypothetical vignettes depicting an ambiguous provocation toward the child and was asked to attribute the likely intent of the provocateur (coded as benign or hostile) and to predict his or her own behavioral response (coded as nonaggression or reactive aggression). Mothers and children independently rated the child's chronic aggressive behavior problems in years 2, 3, and 4. In every ecological group, in those situations in which a child attributed hostile intent to a peer, that child was more likely to report that he or she would respond with reactive aggression than in situations when that same child attributed benign intent. Across children, hostile attributional bias scores predicted higher mother- and child-rated chronic aggressive behavior problems, even controlling for prior aggression. Ecological group differences in the tendency for children to attribute hostile intent statistically accounted for a significant portion of group differences in chronic aggressive behavior problems. The findings suggest a psychological mechanism for group differences in aggressive behavior and point to potential interventions to reduce aggressive behavior
External environment and internal state in relation to life-history behavioural profiles of adolescents in nine countries
202305 bcwwAccepted ManuscriptOthersEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute on Drug Abuse; Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS); European Research CouncilPublishe
Perceived mother and father acceptance-rejection predict four unique aspects of child adjustment across nine countries.
Background: It is generally believed that parental rejection of children leads to child maladaptation. However, the
specific effects of perceived parental acceptance-rejection on diverse domains of child adjustment and development
have been incompletely documented, and whether these effects hold across diverse populations and for mothers and
fathers are still open questions. Methods: This study assessed childrenâs perceptions of mother and father
acceptance-rejection in 1,247 families from China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden,
Thailand, and the United States as antecedent predictors of later internalizing and externalizing behavior problems,
school performance, prosocial behavior, and social competence. Results: Higher perceived parental rejection
predicted increases in internalizing and externalizing behavior problems and decreases in school performance and
prosocial behavior across 3 years controlling for within-wave relations, stability across waves, and parental age,
education, and social desirability bias. Patterns of relations were similar across mothers and fathers and, with a few
exceptions, all nine countries. Conclusions: Childrenâs perceptions of maternal and paternal acceptance-rejection
have small but nearly universal effects on multiple aspects of their adjustment and development regardless of the
familyâs country of origin. Keywords: Parental acceptance-rejection, behavior problems, school performance,
prosocial behavior, social competence, cross-cultural
Environmental harshness and unpredictability, life history, and social and academic behavior of adolescents in nine countries
202309 bcwhAccepted ManuscriptRGCPublishe
A Longitudinal Examination of Mothersâ and Fathersâ Social Information Processing Biases and Harsh Discipline in Nine Countries
This study examined whether parentsâ social information processingwas related to their subsequent reports of their harsh discipline. Interviews were conducted
with mothers (n Âź 1,277) and fathers (n Âź 1,030) of children in 1,297 families in nine countries (China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines,
Sweden, Thailand, and the United States), initially when children were 7 to 9 years old and again 1 year later. Structural equation models showed that parentsâ
positive evaluations of aggressive responses to hypothetical childrearing vignettes at Time 1 predicted parentsâ self-reported harsh physical and nonphysical
discipline at Time 2. This link was consistent across mothers and fathers, and across the nine countries, providing support for the universality of the link
between positive evaluations of harsh discipline and parentsâ aggressive behavior toward children. The results suggest that international efforts to eliminate
violence toward children could target parentsâ beliefs about the acceptability and advisability of using harsh physical and nonphysical forms of discipline