Sn-0.5Cu(-x)Al solder alloys: microstructure-related aspects and tensile properties responses

In this study, experiments were conducted to analyze the effect of 0.05 and 0.1 wt.% Al additions during the unsteady-state growth of the Sn-0.5wt.%Cu solder alloy. Various as-solidified specimens of each alloy were selected so that tensile tests could also be performed. Microstructural aspects such as the dimensions of primary, lambda(1), and secondary, lambda(2), dendritic arrays, and intermetallic compounds (IMCs) morphologies were comparatively assessed for the three tested compositions, that is, Sn-0.5wt.%Cu, Sn-0.5wt.%Cu-0.05wt.%Al, and Sn-0.5wt.%Cu-0.1wt.%Al alloys. Al addition affected neither the primary dendritic spacing nor the types of morphologies identified for the Cu6Sn5 IMC, which was found to be either globular or fibrous regardless of the alloy considered. Secondary dendrite arm spacing was found to be enlarged and the eutectic fraction was reduced with an increase in the Al-content. Tensile properties remained unaffected with the addition of Al, except for the improvement in ductility of up to 40% when compared to the Sn-0.5wt.%Cu alloy without Al trace. A smaller lambda(2) in size was demonstrated to be the prime microstructure parameter associated with the beneficial effect on the strength of the Sn-0.5wt.%Cu(-x)Al alloys92CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO AMAZONAS - FAPEAM407978/2018-6; 307830/2017-92015/11863-5; 2016/18186-1; 2017/12741-6sem informaçã

Uso de práticas integrativas e complementares no tratamento de estresse ocupacional: uma revisão integrativa

Objective: To synthesize the knowledge production related to the use of Integrative and Complementary Practices (PIC) in the treatment of occupational stress.Method: Integrative Review, which had as its guiding question: what is the production of knowledge related to the use of PIC in the treatment of occupational stress published between 2003 and 2013?. The data was collected in the Lilacs and Medline databases using combinations of the following descriptors: "stress" with "complementary therapies", "floral medicines", "mind-body therapies", "sensory therapies through arts", "spiritual therapies, and "therapies under study".Results: 48 articles were selected. The sorting of titles, summaries, reading assessment, and evaluation of complete texts were subsequently performed in stages. Out of all selected articles, 07 articles were analyzed and the following categories built: PIC as stress reducing therapies and other diseases; the use of PIC in the treatment of occupational stress; and Credibility in the use of PIC.Conclusions: The integrative complementary practices have been used not only to reduce stress but also in reducing levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and relief of pain and binge eating. The main PIC mentioned were: MSBR, CBRS, Kouk Sun Do, acupuncture, meditation, controlled breathing, yoga, and polarity therapy. The major cited reasons for its use were: reaching spiritual well-being and serenity, mood and sleep improvement, and compassion for others.Objetivo: Sintetizar la producción de conocimiento relacionado al uso de Prácticas Integradas y Complementarias (PIC) en el tratamiento del estrés laboral.Método: Revisión integradora, que tuvo como pregunta guía: ¿cuál es la producción del conocimento de las PIC relacionada al tratamiento del estrés laboral en el período de 2003 a 2013?. Para recolectar los datos se utilizaron las bases de datos Lilacs y Medline, utilizando la combinación de los descriptores "estrés" con "terapias complementarias", "medicamentos florales", "terapias mente-cuerpo", "terapias sensoriales a través de las artes", "terapia espiritual" y "terapias en estudio."Resultados: Se seleccionaron 48 artículos. Posteriormente se realizó por etapas la selección por los títulos de los artículos, evaluación de los resúmenes y el análisis y lectura de los textos completos. Del total, 07 artículos fueron analizados y construídas las categorías: Las PIC como tratamientos para reducir el estrés y otras enfermedades; El uso de las PIC en el tratamiento del estrés y La credibilidad en el uso de las PIC.Conclusiones: Las PIC vienen siendo utilizadas no sólo para reducir el estrés, sino también en la reducción de los niveles de ansiedad, síntomas depresivos, alivio del dolor y en la compulsión alimentaria. Las principales PIC mencionado fueron: MSBR, CBRS, Kouk Sun Do, la acupuntura, la meditación, respiración controlada, el yoga y la terapia de polaridad. Citadas como las principales razones de su uso: el alcance del bienestar espiritual, serenidad, mejor estado de ánimo, la compasión por los demás y para mejorar el sueño.Objetivo: Sintetizar a produção do conhecimento relacionada à utilização das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PIC) no tratamento de estresse ocupacional.Método: Revisão integrativa, que teve como questão norteadora: qual é a produção do conhecimento relacionada à utilização das PIC no tratamento de estresse ocupacional no período 2003 a 2013?. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se as bases de dados: Lilacs e Medline, utilizando a combinação dos descritores “estresse” com “terapias complementares”, “medicamentos florais”, “terapias mente-corpo”, “terapias sensoriais através das artes”, “terapias espirituais” e “terapias em estudo”.Resultados: 48 artigos foram selecionados. Posteriormente realizada, por etapas, a triagem dos títulos dos artigos, a avaliação dos resumos e a leitura e avaliação dos textos completos. Do total, 07 artigos foram analisados e construídas as categorias: As PIC como terapias redutoras de estresse e outras doenças; O uso das PIC no tratamento de estresse ocupacional e a Credibilidade no uso das PIC.Conclusões: As práticas integrativas complementares vêm sendo utilizadas não só na redução do estresse, mas também na redução dos níveis de ansiedade, de sintomas depressivos, do alivio da dor e da compulsão alimentar. As principais PIC mencionadas foram: MSBR, CBRS, Kouk Sun Do, acupuntura, meditação, respiração controlada, yoga, e a terapia da polaridade. Foram citadas como principais motivos para sua utilização: o alcance do bem-estar espiritual, da serenidade, da melhora do humor, da compaixão pelo próximo e da melhoria do sono

A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ADESÃO DO PARCEIRO AO PRÉ-NATAL PARA O ACOMPANHAMENTO E DESENVOLVIMENTO GESTACIONAL

This scientific article addresses the importance of partner adherence to prenatal care for monitoring and gestational development. The introduction highlights that although prenatal care has historically focused primarily on pregnant women, recent studies demonstrate that the active participation of the partner in prenatal care plays a significant role in the pregnancy cycle. Partner adherence is associated with better maternal outcomes, such as lower incidence of postpartum depression, greater adherence to medical recommendations, strengthening of bonds, and better care for the mother's mental and physical health. In addition, the presence of the partner reduces stress and anxiety levels, benefiting fetal development. Partner participation also strengthens family ties and is related to a better parent-child relationship and better long-term health outcomes for children. However, there are challenges, such as lack of time and social stigma, that must be overcome to promote partner adherence. The conclusion reinforces the importance of a family-centered approach during prenatal care, which actively involves partners, providing clear information, creating a welcoming environment, and implementing educational programs. By recognizing and valuing the role of the partner in prenatal care, it is possible to improve the quality of prenatal care, strengthen family ties, and contribute to a healthy and successful pregnancy.  Este artículo científico aborda la importancia de la adherencia de la pareja a la atención prenatal para el monitoreo y el desarrollo gestacional. La introducción destaca que, aunque la atención prenatal se ha centrado históricamente principalmente en las mujeres embarazadas, estudios recientes demuestran que la participación activa de la pareja en la atención prenatal desempeña un papel importante en el ciclo del embarazo. La adherencia a la pareja se asocia con mejores resultados maternos, como una menor incidencia de depresión posparto, una mayor adherencia a las recomendaciones médicas, el fortalecimiento de los vínculos y una mejor atención para la salud mental y física de la madre. Además, la presencia de la pareja reduce los niveles de estrés y ansiedad, beneficiando el desarrollo fetal. La participación de la pareja también fortalece los lazos familiares y está relacionada con una mejor relación padre-hijo y mejores resultados de salud a largo plazo para los niños. Sin embargo, hay desafíos, como la falta de tiempo y el estigma social, que deben superarse para promover la adhesión de la pareja. La conclusión refuerza la importancia de un enfoque centrado en la familia durante la atención prenatal, que involucra activamente a las parejas, proporcionando información clara, creando un ambiente acogedor e implementando programas educativos. Al reconocer y valorar el papel de la pareja en la atención prenatal, es posible mejorar la calidad de la atención prenatal, fortalecer los lazos familiares y contribuir a un embarazo saludable y exitoso. Este artigo científico aborda a importância da adesão do parceiro ao pré-natal para o acompanhamento e desenvolvimento gestacional. A introdução destaca que, embora o pré-natal tenha historicamente focado principalmente na mulher grávida, estudos recentes demonstram que a participação ativa do parceiro no pré-natal desempenha um papel significativo no ciclo gravídico. A adesão do parceiro está associada a melhores resultados maternos, como menor incidência de depressão pós-parto, maior adesão às recomendações médicas, fortalecimento de vínculos e melhor cuidado com a saúde mental e física da mãe. Além disso, a presença do parceiro reduz os níveis de estresse e ansiedade, beneficiando o desenvolvimento fetal. A participação do parceiro também fortalece os laços familiares e está relacionada a uma melhor relação pai-filho e melhores resultados de saúde a longo prazo para os filhos. No entanto, existem desafios, como falta de tempo e estigma social, que devem ser superados para promover a adesão do parceiro. A conclusão reforça a importância de uma abordagem centrada na família durante o pré-natal, que envolva ativamente os parceiros, fornecendo informações claras, criando um ambiente acolhedor e implementando programas educacionais. Ao reconhecer e valorizar o papel do parceiro no pré-natal, é possível aprimorar a qualidade da assistência pré-natal, fortalecer os laços familiares e contribuir para uma gravidez saudável e bem-sucedida.   Este artigo científico aborda a importância da adesão do parceiro ao pré-natal para o acompanhamento e desenvolvimento gestacional. A introdução destaca que, embora o pré-natal tenha historicamente focado principalmente na mulher grávida, estudos recentes demonstram que a participação ativa do parceiro no pré-natal desempenha um papel significativo no ciclo gravídico. A adesão do parceiro está associada a melhores resultados maternos, como menor incidência de depressão pós-parto, maior adesão às recomendações médicas, fortalecimento de vínculos e melhor cuidado com a saúde mental e física da mãe. Além disso, a presença do parceiro reduz os níveis de estresse e ansiedade, beneficiando o desenvolvimento fetal. A participação do parceiro também fortalece os laços familiares e está relacionada a uma melhor relação pai-filho e melhores resultados de saúde a longo prazo para os filhos. No entanto, existem desafios, como falta de tempo e estigma social, que devem ser superados para promover a adesão do parceiro. A conclusão reforça a importância de uma abordagem centrada na família durante o pré-natal, que envolva ativamente os parceiros, fornecendo informações claras, criando um ambiente acolhedor e implementando programas educacionais. Ao reconhecer e valorizar o papel do parceiro no pré-natal, é possível aprimorar a qualidade da assistência pré-natal, fortalecer os laços familiares e contribuir para uma gravidez saudável e bem-sucedida.

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19

Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2–4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease

Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19

Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2,3,4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease

Principios de direito mercantil e leis de marinha : para uso da mocidade portugueza ... : divididos em oito tratados elementares ...

O imp. do t.III (1801) : Na typographia Chalcographica, Typoplastica e Litteraria do Arco do CegoDatos do t.III (1801) ; t.I (1806) ; t.IV, V, VII (1811) ; t.II, VI (1812

Estudos do bem-commum e economia politica, ou, sciencia das leis naturaes e civis de animar e dirigir a geral industria, e promover a riqueza nacional, e prosperidade do estado

Entrada secundária de título : Sciencia das leis naturaes e civis de animar e dirigir a geral industria, e promover a riqueza nacional, e prosperidade do estadoDedicada ao Conde de Arcos.SYS-57744