14,829 research outputs found
Suicide Communication on Social Media and Its Psychological Mechanisms: An Examination of Chinese Microblog Users
Background: This study aims to examine the characteristics of people who talk about suicide on Chinese microblogs (referred to as Weibo suicide communication (WSC)), and the psychological antecedents of such behaviors. Methods: An online survey was conducted on Weibo users. Differences in psychological and social demographic characteristics between those who exhibited WSC and those who did not were examined. Three theoretical models were proposed to explain the psychological mechanisms of WSC and their fitness was examined by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results: 12.03% of our respondents exhibited WSC in the past 12 months. The WSC group was significantly younger and less educated, preferred using blogs and online forums for expressing themselves, and reported significantly greater suicide ideation, negative affectivity, and vulnerable personality compared to non-WSC users. SEM examinations found that Weibo users with higher negative affectivity or/and suicidal ideation, who were also using blogs and forums more, exhibited a significantly higher possibility of WSC. Conclusion: Weibo users who are at greater suicide risk are more likely to talk about suicide on Weibo. WSC is a sign of negative affectivity or suicide ideation, and should be responded to with emotional support and suicide prevention services.published_or_final_versio
Quantum Criticality of 1D Attractive Fermi Gas
We obtain an analytical equation of state for one-dimensional strongly
attractive Fermi gas for all parameter regime in current experiments. From the
equation of state we derive universal scaling functions that control whole
thermodynamical properties in quantum critical regimes and illustrate physical
origin of quantum criticality. It turns out that the critical properties of the
system are described by these of free fermions and those of mixtures of
fermions with mass and . We also show how these critical properties of
bulk systems can be revealed from the density profile of trapped Fermi gas at
finite temperatures and can be used to determine the T=0 phase boundaries
without any arbitrariness.Comment: extended version, 9 pages, 7 eps figures, corrections of few typo
Taking a closer look at domain shift: Category-level adversaries for semantics consistent domain adaptation
© 2019 IEEE. We consider the problem of unsupervised domain adaptation in semantic segmentation. The key in this campaign consists in reducing the domain shift, i.e., enforcing the data distributions of the two domains to be similar. A popular strategy is to align the marginal distribution in the feature space through adversarial learning. However, this global alignment strategy does not consider the local category-level feature distribution. A possible consequence of the global movement is that some categories which are originally well aligned between the source and target may be incorrectly mapped. To address this problem, this paper introduces a category-level adversarial network, aiming to enforce local semantic consistency during the trend of global alignment. Our idea is to take a close look at the category-level data distribution and align each class with an adaptive adversarial loss. Specifically, we reduce the weight of the adversarial loss for category-level aligned features while increasing the adversarial force for those poorly aligned. In this process, we decide how well a feature is category-level aligned between source and target by a co-training approach. In two domain adaptation tasks, i.e., GTA5-> Cityscapes and SYNTHIA-> Cityscapes, we validate that the proposed method matches the state of the art in segmentation accuracy
The one-dimensional Hubbard model with open ends: Universal divergent contributions to the magnetic susceptibility
The magnetic susceptibility of the one-dimensional Hubbard model with open
boundary conditions at arbitrary filling is obtained from field theory at low
temperatures and small magnetic fields, including leading and next-leading
orders. Logarithmic contributions to the bulk part are identified as well as
algebraic-logarithmic divergences in the boundary contribution. As a
manifestation of spin-charge separation, the result for the boundary part at
low energies turns out to be independent of filling and interaction strength
and identical to the result for the Heisenberg model. For the bulk part at zero
temperature, the scale in the logarithms is determined exactly from the Bethe
ansatz. At finite temperature, the susceptibility profile as well as the
Friedel oscillations in the magnetisation are obtained numerically from the
density-matrix renormalisation group applied to transfer matrices. Agreement is
found with an exact asymptotic expansion of the relevant correlation function.Comment: 30 pages, 8 figures, reference adde
SESAME: exploring small businesses' behaviour to enhance resilience to flooding
In the United Kingdom, small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) account for approximately 99.9% of businesses, 60% of the working population and 47% annual turnover. However, despite the important contribution that SMEs make to the economy, this size of business remains under-researched with a significant gap in understanding how the disruption caused by flooding impacts on SMEs from the time at which a flood event occurs through to the 'return' to normal operations. Business continuity management is a recognised approach for enhancing organisational resilience to major disruptions (ISO 22301, 2012). However, this strategic approach to building such resilience in SMEs is under-explored in the literature with a limited range of empirical data to draw on. This paper presents an overview of an inter-disciplinary research project funded by the UK's Engineering and Physical Science Research Council, called SESAME, which examines SMEs' operational response and preparedness to flooding. Furthermore, SESAME consists of four stands of research which bring together a number of disciplines including agent based modelling and simulation, flood modelling, business continuity management, economic modelling and behavioural science. This paper provides an overview of the different research stands within the SESAME project aimed at enhancing SMEs' resilience to flooding
Macro-micro adversarial network for human parsing
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018. In human parsing, the pixel-wise classification loss has drawbacks in its low-level local inconsistency and high-level semantic inconsistency. The introduction of the adversarial network tackles the two problems using a single discriminator. However, the two types of parsing inconsistency are generated by distinct mechanisms, so it is difficult for a single discriminator to solve them both. To address the two kinds of inconsistencies, this paper proposes the Macro-Micro Adversarial Net (MMAN). It has two discriminators. One discriminator, Macro D, acts on the low-resolution label map and penalizes semantic inconsistency, e.g., misplaced body parts. The other discriminator, Micro D, focuses on multiple patches of the high-resolution label map to address the local inconsistency, e.g., blur and hole. Compared with traditional adversarial networks, MMAN not only enforces local and semantic consistency explicitly, but also avoids the poor convergence problem of adversarial networks when handling high resolution images. In our experiment, we validate that the two discriminators are complementary to each other in improving the human parsing accuracy. The proposed framework is capable of producing competitive parsing performance compared with the state-of-the-art methods, i.e., mIoU = 46.81% and 59.91% on LIP and PASCAL-Person-Part, respectively. On a relatively small dataset PPSS, our pre-trained model demonstrates impressive generalization ability. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/RoyalVane/MMAN
Gate-Voltage Control of Chemical Potential and Weak Anti-localization in Bismuth Selenide
We report that BiSe thin films can be epitaxially grown on
SrTiO substrates, which allow for very large tunablity in carrier density
with a back-gate. The observed low field magnetoconductivity due to weak
anti-localization (WAL) has a very weak gate-voltage dependence unless the
electron density is reduced to very low values. Such a transition in WAL is
correlated with unusual changes in longitudinal and Hall resistivities. Our
results suggest much suppressed bulk conductivity at large negative
gate-voltages and a possible role of surface states in the WAL phenomena. This
work may pave a way for realizing three-dimensional topological insulators at
ambient conditions.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures
Thermodynamics, spin-charge separation and correlation functions of spin-1/2 fermions with repulsive interaction
We investigate the low temperature thermodynamics and correlation functions
of one-dimensional spin-1/2 fermions with strong repulsion in an external
magnetic field via the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz method. The exact
thermodynamics of the model in a weak magnetic field is derived with the help
of Wiener-Hopf techniques. It turns out that the low energy physics can be
described by spin-charge separated conformal field theories of an effective
Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid and an antiferromagnetic SU(2) Heisenberg spin chain.
However, these two types of conformally invariant low-lying excitations may
break down as excitations take place far away from the Fermi points. The long
distance asymptotics of the correlation functions and the critical exponents
for the model in the presence of a magnetic field at zero temperature are
derived in detail by solving dressed charge equations and by conformal mapping.
Furthermore, we calculate the conformal dimensions for particular cases of
correlation functions. The leading terms of these correlation functions are
given explicitly for a weak magnetic field and for a magnetic field
close to the critical field . Our analytical results
provide insights into universal thermodynamics and criticality in
one-dimensional many-body physics.Comment: revised version, 47 pages, 4 figures, additional tex
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