Machiavellianism, relationship satisfaction, and romantic relationship quality

Machiavellianism is characterised by a manipulative interpersonal style, willingness to exploit others, and a preference for emotionally detached relationships. The present studies investigate the extent to which Machiavellianism influences relationship satisfaction and romantic relationship quality. In study 1, 194 heterosexual partnered women completed Machiavellianism and Relationship Satisfaction measures. Women with higher levels of Machiavellianism reported lower levels of relationship satisfaction. In study 2, 132 heterosexual partnered women completed Machiavellianism, Trust, Commitment, Control, and Emotional Abuse scales. Women with higher levels of Machiavellianism perceived their partners to be less dependable, reported less faith in their partners, and were less willing to persist with the relationship than those with low levels of Machiavellianism. With regards to negative behavior, Machiavellianism predicted each form of control and emotional abuse investigated, such that those with high levels of Machiavellianism were more likely to engage in controlling behaviors and emotional abuse. Findings have important implications for the prediction of romantic relationship quality and in particular for negative behavior such as control and abuse

Machiavellianism and schadenfreude in women's friendships

The present study investigated the relationship between Machiavellianism, envy, competition, and schadenfreude in women's same-sex friendships. Women (N = 133) completed an online questionnaire measuring Machiavellianism, envy, competition, and three author generated vignettes measuring expressed schadenfreude in relation to a same-sex friend. Women with higher levels of Machiavellianism expressed greater feelings of pleasure in response to their same-sex friend's misfortunes in a romantic relationship and their physical appearance but not in relation to academic abilities. Envy predicted feelings of schadenfreude in academic and romantic relationships whilst competition predicted feelings of schadenfreude in all three scenarios. Future research should explore how characteristics of the target and different forms of envy may influence responses to a friend's misfortune in individuals with higher levels of Machiavellianism

A New Evidentiary Standard for Criminal Appellate Review: Clewis v. State

In Clewis v. State, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals finally addressed the conflict regarding proper appellate review of factual sufficiency of the evidence. The Clewis decision adopted Stone and established, for the first time since the 1981 amendments, the constitutional power and duty of the courts of appeals to review the factual sufficiency of the evidence in appropriate cases. In attempting to predict the effect of Clewis on review of noncapital criminal cases in the courts of appeals and death penalty Cases in the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, this article examines the historical precedents of selected civil cases reversed for factual insufficiency. Also discussed are potential conflicts and the appropriate standard for review. Although defendants after Clewis may raise the issue of factual sufficiency in the courts of appeals, the court in Clewis did not address whether the court of criminal appeals has the authority to conduct such a review. Thus, there could be problems for defendants whose cases come under the Texas Court of Criminal Appeal\u27s original jurisdiction for capital murder and habeas corpus

Small-sample corrections for score tests in Birnbaum-Saunders regressions

In this paper we deal with the issue of performing accurate small-sample inference in the Birnbaum-Saunders regression model, which can be useful for modeling lifetime or reliability data. We derive a Bartlett-type correction for the score test and numerically compare the corrected test with the usual score test, the likelihood ratio test and its Bartlett-corrected version. Our simulation results suggest that the corrected test we propose is more reliable than the other tests.Comment: To appear in the Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t71359723

Comparing the Effects of Interactive and Noninteractive Complementary Nutrients on Growth in a Chemostat

We compare the effects of interactive and noninteractive complementary nutrients on the growth of an organism in the chemostat. We also compare these two situations to the case when the nutrients are substitutable. In previous studies, complementary nutrients have been assumed to be noninteractive. However, more recent research indicates that some complementary nutrient relationships are interactive. We show that interactive complementary and substitutable nutrients can lead to higher population densities than do noninteractive complementary nutrients. We numerically illustrate that if the washout rate is high, an organism can persist at higher densities when the complementary nutrients are interactive than when they are noninteractive, which can result in the extinction of the organism. Finally, we present an example by making a small adjustment to the model that leads to a single nutrient model with an intermediate metabolite of the original substrate as the nutrient for the organism

Rock-Paper-Scissors in the Chemostat

Rock-Paper-Scissors is a game played by two players to determine a single winner. Biological relationships of Rock-Paper-Scissors are documented. In this paper, we form a continuous model of Rock-Papers-Scissors in the chemostat that coincides with the biology of such relationships. The basic models that we develop coincide with the observed phenomena. Because the model involves a system of seven nonlinear differential equations, global results are difficult to obtain. We present several numerical studies that are the result of a substantial number of numerical trials to illustrate the various possibilities that might occur in the context of the problem discussed here

The Keystone Project: A Cooperative In-Service Program

Since receiving a federal grant in November 1985, 25 Keystone area educators have been working with AEA 1 consultants and University of Iowa science education specialists to expand the use of investigative activities in the science studies of Iowa students. The published results of their work, 27 units adaptable to upper elementary and junior high classes, are now available to other interested teachers. The following article by the project leaders (1) explains the workshop plan and purposes employed by the project participants, (2) describes the focus and creation of their final products, a repertoire of new science units, and (3) lists the units now available and information on obtaining them

Meteoritic Material Recovered from the 07 March 2018 Meteorite Fall into the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary

On 07 March 2018 at 20:05 local time (08 March 03:05 UTC), a dramatic meteor occurred over Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary (OCNMS) off of the Washington state coast (OCNMS fall, henceforth). Data to include seismometry (from both on-shore and submarine seismometers), weather radar imagery (Figure 1), and a moored weather buoy, were used to accurately identify the fall site. The site was visited by the exploration vessel E/V Nautilus (Ocean Exploration Trust) on 01 July 2018 [1] and by the research vessel R/V Falkor (Schmidt Ocean Institute) from 03-06 June 2019. Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) from both vessels were used to search for meteorites and sample seafloor sediments. These expeditions performed the first attempts to recover meteorites from a specific observed fall in the open ocean. Analysis of weather radar data indicates that this fall was unusually massive and featured meteorites of unusually high mechanical toughness, such that large meteorites were disproportionately produced compared to other meteorite falls (Figure 2)[2-4]. We report the recovery of many (>100) micrometeorite-sized melt spherules and other fragments, and one small (~1mm3 ) unmelted meteorite fragment identified to date. Approximately 80% of the fragments were recovered from a single sample, collected from a round pit in the seafloor sediment. Melt spherules are almost exclusively type I iron-rich spherules with little discernible oxidation. Analyses are currently underway to attempt to answer the primary science question by identifying the parent meteorite type. Also, differences in the number and nature of samples collected by Nautilus and Falkor reveal a distinct loss rate to oxidation over the 15 months following the fall that is useful to inform future recovery efforts

Fear of missing out and relational aggression on Facebook

The use of Social Networking sites (SNS) has been associated with fear of missing out (FOMO) which is characterized by perceiving others as having more rewarding lives. The current study investigated whether FOMO is related to Facebook relational aggression through a desire to avoid inferiority and engagement in manipulative behaviors. Facebook users (N= 190, 87% female) completed an online survey assessing FOMO, striving to avoid inferiority, interpersonal manipulation, and Facebook relational aggression. Serial mediation analysis demonstrated that higher levels of FOMO were associated with increased desire to avoid inferiority, which in turn was associated with higher levels of interpersonal manipulation and subsequent higher reported rates of Facebook relational aggression. The research considers how FOMO is associated with socially aversive Facebook behavior to meet psycho-social needs deficits

Relationship between interparental functioning and adolescents' level of Machiavellianism: a multi-perspective approach

Childrearing antecedents of Machiavellianism have been investigated, finding that cold, rejecting, and neglecting parenting is associated with Machiavellianism. However, there is a paucity of research on Machiavellianism and family functioning that is suggested to be a stronger predictor of children's adjustment than parenting. In two cross-sectional, self-report studies with 266 adolescents (115 boys) and 98 families raising adolescents (51 boys), we investigated the relationship between adolescent Machiavellianism and interparental functioning. We found that some aspects of perceived interparental conflict and poor quality coparenting were associated with higher levels of Machiavellianism in boys. The association between interparental discord and Machiavellianism has been discussed with respect to previous studies on family functioning, child maladjustment, and Machiavellianism. The selective relationship between measured indices of interparental functioning and Machiavellianism in boys has been discussed using the male vulnerability hypothesis and the distinct pathways model