Procedimento per la generazione e l'analisi di segnali di elettrochemiluminescenza e relativo sistema

La presente invenzione si riferisce a un procedimento per la generazione e l‟analisi di segnali di elettrochemiluminescenza, che comprende le operazioni di generare uno stimolo in una cella elettrochimica comprendente un elettrodo di lavoro comprendente nanotubi di carbonio in contatto con una soluzione da misurare, cui è applicato detto stimolo, e rilevare e analizzare un segnale di elettrochemiluminescenza rappresentativo di radiazione di elettrochemiluminescenza emessa da detta soluzione in risposta a detto stimol

Rubbing induced reversible fluorescence switching in thiophene-based organic semiconductor films by mechanical amorphisation

Here, we applied rubbing on thiophene-basedorganic semiconductor thin films to induce a reversible mechanical amorphisation. Amorphisation is associated with fluorescence switching, which is regulated by the polymorphic nature of the film. Thermal annealing of rubbed films produces an opposite effect with respect to rubbing, inducing film crystallization. Notably, thermal crystallisation starts at a low temperature but generates the polymorph stable at a high temperature in the bulk. The mechanism of mechanical transformation is explained considering the mechanical properties of the material and demonstrated through combined X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence at confocal microscopy. This journal i

Neutral and Dianionic Ru(II) Bathophenanthrolinedisulfonate Complexes: A Route To Enhance Electrochemiluminescence Performance in Aqueous Media

We report the strong enhancement of ECL intensity and duration in neutral and dianionic Ru(II) complexes bearing mixed 2,2\u2032-bipyridine (bpy) and bathophenanthrolinedisulfonate (BPS) ligands. In aqueous conditions, using the tripropylamine-assisted method and applying a constant potential, we observed for Ru(BPS)(bpy)2 a remarkable 26-fold ECL integrated intensity increase with respect to Ru(bpy)3 2+. The results herein obtained reveal that the cause of reduced ECL intensity of [Ru(BPS)3]4- and [Ru(BPS)2(bpy)]2- can be ascribed to surface effects related to the interaction of the oxidized complex with the electrode. The expected reduction or absence of electrostatic interactions with biomolecules, together with the strongly enhanced performance, makes the zwitterionic Ru(BPS)(bpy)2 complex a highly promising candidate for the development of very efficient ECL labels for ultrasensitive bioassays and functional imaging applications

Electrochemistry and Electrochemiluminescence of [Ru(II)-tris(bathophenanthroline-disulfonate)]4− in Aprotic Conditions and Aqueous Buffers

In this work, the electrochemical and ECL properties of tris[1,10-phenanthrolinediyl-4,7-di(benzenesulfonate)]Ru(II) ([Ru(BPS)3]4−) have been addressed in both strictly aprotic conditions and aqueous buffers. A combined theoretical and experimental approach is presented to focus thermodynamics and kinetic effects of electro-generated species possessing highly negative charge. The complex, prepared as the sodium salt by using a newly developed procedure, was subsequently converted to the tetrabutylammonium salt by ion exchange, thus making it soluble in organic media and allowing, for the first time, its thorough electrochemical investigation in ultra-dry aprotic media. The electrochemically induced luminescence (ECL) of Na4[Ru(BPS)3] in phosphate buffer, using the co-reactant method (tripropylamine), was investigated as a function of the electrode material and halide addition, and ECL intensities six times higher than that of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ were found. In addition, the ECL behavior of this promising dye for biomolecule recognition was investigated in aprotic media and, for the first time, the direct radical anion−radical cation annihilation ECL was obtained.corega

Chemiluminescent detection systems of horseradish peroxidase employing nucleophilic acylation catalysts

The light output of the peroxidase-catalyzed luminol chemiluminescent oxidation reaction can be greatly increased by incorporating different enhancers. Such an increase is attributed to the preferential oxidation of the enhancer by peroxidase intermediates and the rapid formation of enhancer radicals that, in turn, quickly oxidize luminol to its radical anion. These enhancers, which include substituted phenols, substituted boronic acids, indophenols, and N-alkyl phenothiazines, behave as electron transfer mediators. A further, very significant increase in light output was also observed by the addition of nucleophilic acylation catalyst to the enhancer/luminol/oxidant substrate. The effect of the new component is general and applicable to many of the known enhancers but is much more remarkable in association with phenothiazine enhancers (up to 10-fold light output). The addition of a nucleophilic acylation catalyst to these substrates lowered the limit of detection for horseradish peroxidase from 50 to 8 amol. Similar improvements were observed in "sandwich" enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blot assays