Comunidades de práctica e innovación: aprender a emprender en el área de Bibliotecología y Ciencias de la Documentación

ResumenEl propósito del trabajo es ofrecer directrices teóricas y metodológicas para diseñar, crear y desarrollar Comunidades de Práctica (CoP) en el área de la Bibliotecología y las Ciencias de la Documentación. Las CoP presentan la posibilidad de integrar en un mismo entorno o comunidad a miembros con objetivos comunes que buscan beneficiarse de la generación de conocimientos compartidos. En este contexto de desarrollo se presenta un caso real, circunscrito en el marco de un proyecto de innovación educativa, con alumnos del Máster en Gestión de la Documentación, Bibliotecas y Archivos de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Documentación de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España). Dicho caso ofrece una perspectiva de uso efectivo de una CoP aportando un escenario o red de intercambio de conocimiento común, que sirve de apoyo al aprendizaje educativo y cuya finalidad principal es fomentar la cultura innovadora y emprendedora entre todos sus participantes.AbstractThis study aims to provide guidelines for designing, creating and developing a Community of Practice (CoP) in the area Library and Documentation Science. Such a CoP offers the potential of bringing together persons with shared interests and objectives who can reap real benefits through the generation of shared knowledge. The paper presents a case study involving an educational project with master degree candidates in the Documentation, Libraries and Archives Management of the Faculty of the Documentary Science of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Spain). This case provides a view of the effective use of CoP, which constitutes a scenario or network for exchange of shared knowledge, while underpinning educational learning and promoting the culture of innovation and enterprise among the members of the community

The genome-wide structure of two economically important indigenous Sicilian cattle breeds

Genomic technologies, such as high-throughput genotyping based on SNP arrays, provided background information concerning genome structure in domestic animals. The aim of this work was to investigate the genetic structure, the genome-wide estimates of inbreeding, coancestry, effective population size (Ne), and the patterns of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in two economically important Sicilian local cattle breeds, Cinisara (CIN) and Modicana (MOD), using the Illumina Bovine SNP50K v2 BeadChip. In order to understand the genetic relationship and to place both Sicilian breeds in a global context, genotypes from others 134 domesticated bovid breeds were used. Principal component analysis showed that the Sicilian cattle breeds were closer to individuals of B. t. taurus from Eurasia and formed non-overlapping clusters with other breeds. Between the Sicilian cattle breeds, MOD was the most differentiated, whereas the animals belonging to CIN breed showed a lower value of assignment, the presence of substructure and genetic links with MOD breed. The average molecular inbreeding and coancestry coefficients were moderately high, and the current estimates of Ne were low in both breeds. These values indicated a low genetic variability. Considering levels of LD between adjacent markers, the average r2 in MOD breed was comparable to those reported for others cattle breeds, whereas CIN showed a lower value. Therefore, these results support the need of more dense SNP arrays for a high power association mapping and genomic selection efficiency in particular for CIN cattle breed. Controlling molecular inbreeding and coancestry would restrict inbreeding depression, the probability of losing beneficial rare alleles, and therefore, the risk of extinction. The results generated from this study have important implications for the development of conservation and/or selection breeding programs in these two local cattle breeds

Resultados de la reparación quirúrgica Del ligamento deltoideo en las fracturas equivalentes bimaleolares

ObjetivoEl objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los resultados de la reparación quirúrgica del ligamento deltoideo en fracturas equivalente bimaleolares.Material y métodoEntre 2002 y 2009 fueron intervenidos 49 pacientes con fractura del maléolo peroneo y signos clásicos de lesión del ligamento deltoideo; finalmente se recuperaron para la revisión 44 pacientes. Se dividieron en 2 grupos: grupo A con 33 casos, en los que se reparó el ligamento deltoideo, y grupo B con 11 casos, donde el deltoideo fue tratado conservadoramente. Las fracturas fueron clasificadas según Lauge-Hansen y la AO/OTA. Para la valoración clínico-funcional se usó la escala de la American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) para el tobillo. Se registraron las complicaciones y reintervenciones.ResultadosTras un seguimiento medio de 12 meses, se obtuvo un resultado satisfactorio en ambos grupos, con una puntuación media final de 95 puntos en el grupo A y una de 94 en el grupo B, según la escala AOFAS. Hubo 2 infecciones, 1 intolerancia de la sutura medial, 1 algodistrofia y 4 casos precisaron retirada de material.ConclusionesNuestros resultados sugieren que la lesión del ligamento deltoideo puede ser reparada con buenos resultados funcionales. Y entendemos que, aunque los signos clásicos nos ayudan a sospechar la lesión, no son predictores fiables de la necesidad de reparación del lado medial.PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the result of surgical repair of deltoid ligament in fracture of the distal fibula upper or at the syndesmotic level.Materials and methodsBetween 2002 and 2009, 49 patients with distal fibula fractures and classical signs of deltoid ligament incompetence were operated, 44 were available for follow-up. Two groups: group A included 33 cases in whom deltoid ligament was treated by surgical repair, and group B, 11 cases who were treated conservatively. All fractures were classified according to Lauge-Hansen and AO/OTA. The AOFAS ankle score was used for clinical and functional evaluation. Complications and reinterventions were recorded.ResultsAt a mean follow-up of 12 months, a satisfactory functional result was obtained in both groups, with a mean final score of 95 points in group A and 94 in group B on the AOFAS scale. There were 2 infection, a medial suture intolerance, an algodystrophy and 4 hardware removed.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a ruptured deltoid ligament can be repair with goods functional result. And we understand that although the classical signs help us to suspect a torn ligament, are not reliable predictors for surgical revision of the medial side

Prototyping of petalets for the Phase-II Upgrade of the silicon strip tracking detector of the ATLAS Experiment

In the high luminosity era of the Large Hadron Collider, the HL-LHC, the instantaneous luminosity is expected to reach unprecedented values, resulting in about 200 proton-proton interactions in a typical bunch crossing. To cope with the resultant increase in occupancy, bandwidth and radiation damage, the ATLAS Inner Detector will be replaced by an all-silicon system, the Inner Tracker (ITk). The ITk consists of a silicon pixel and a strip detector and exploits the concept of modularity. Prototyping and testing of various strip detector components has been carried out. This paper presents the developments and results obtained with reduced-size structures equivalent to those foreseen to be used in the forward region of the silicon strip detector. Referred to as petalets, these structures are built around a composite sandwich with embedded cooling pipes and electrical tapes for routing the signals and power. Detector modules built using electronic flex boards and silicon strip sensors are glued on both the front and back side surfaces of the carbon structure. Details are given on the assembly, testing and evaluation of several petalets. Measurement results of both mechanical and electrical quantities are shown. Moreover, an outlook is given for improved prototyping plans for large structures.Comment: 22 pages for submission for Journal of Instrumentatio

Nanostructured State-of-the-Art Thermoelectric Materials Prepared by Straight-Forward Arc-Melting Method

Thermoelectric materials constitute an alternative to harvest sustainable energy from waste heat. Among the most commonly utilized thermoelectric materials, we can mention Bi2Te3 (hole and electron conductivity type), PbTe and recently reported SnSe intermetallic alloys. We review recent results showing that all of them can be readily prepared in nanostructured form by arc-melting synthesis, yielding mechanically robust pellets of highly oriented polycrystals. These materials have been characterized by neutron powder diffraction (NPD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electronic and thermal transport measurements. Analysis of NPD patterns demonstrates near-perfect stoichiometry of above-mentioned alloys and fair amount of anharmonicity of chemical bonds. SEM analysis shows stacking of nanosized sheets, each of them presumably single-crystalline, with large surfaces parallel to layered slabs. This nanostructuration affects notably thermoelectric properties, involving many surface boundaries (interfaces), which are responsible for large phonon scattering factors, yielding low thermal conductivity. Additionally, we describe homemade apparatus developed for the simultaneous measurement of Seebeck coefficient and electric conductivity at elevated temperatures

Evaluación sensorial del vino artesanal de uva Isabella (Vitis labrusca L.)

The production and consumption of wine in Colombia have increased over the last decade, especially with the red wines which are preferred by Colombians. Spite the few organoleptic characteristics of the grape Isabella (Vitis Iabrusca L.), it possesses intense flavors and aromas, plus its low sugar content and high concentration of acids, gives it the potential to be used in winemaking. The parameters involved in the sensory evaluation of the wines are the color, aroma and flavor and become sensations perceived in different areas of the tongue. The combination of these causes’s sensations are called wine texture. Sensory analysis of wines through tastings gives rise to a description, that although subjective, generates some impact on the market position ofthis drink. Descriptive tests are the most common and can express the different sensations of wine labeling them by a scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate the organoleptic quality through blind tasting, the artisan wine grape Isabella (Vitis Iabrusca L). We valued three crafted wines, two of them produced in the Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia, and a third from the town of Cerrito, Valle del Cauca. The panel conformed by 20 tasters evaluated the wines according to the parameters set by the profile sheet given by the International Competition of Wines and Spirits (CINVE). The results showed significant differences between the Paradise wine Portal and the Semi-dry and semi-sweet UPTC wines. The results suggest that the Semi-dry wine obtained the lowest score ranking, as the best sensorial level. The Uptc wines obtained the lowest score, classified as the best in the sensory study.El consumo de vino en Colombia se ha incrementado durante los últimos años, en especial el de los vinos tinto. A pesar de las pocas características vínicas de la uva Isabella (Vitis labrusca L.), su bajo contenido de azúcares y su alta concentración de ácidos le otorgan el potencial para la elaboración de un vino que presenta sabores y aromas intensos. La combinación de color, aroma y sabor provoca la denominada textura del vino. El análisis sensorial de los vinos, a través de catas, da origen a una escala entre los vinos y a una descripción que genera cierto impacto en el posicionamiento de este licor en el mercado. Esta investigación buscó evaluar la calidad organoléptica del vino artesanal de uva Isabella, mediante una cata a ciegas. Se evaluaron tres tipos de vino, dos producidos en la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (semiseco y semidulce) y uno procedente del municipio de Cerrito, Valle del Cauca. El panel conformado por 20 catadores evaluó los vinos de acuerdo con los parámetros establecidos por el Concurso Internacional de Vinos y Espirituosos (CINVE). Los resultados presentaron diferencias significativas entre el vino Portal del Paraíso® y los vinos Uptc. Los vinos Uptc obtuvieron la menor puntuación, catalogándolos, de acuerdo con el CINVE, como los mejores sensorialmente

Veinte años de seguimiento poblacional de ungulados silvestres de Aragón

The remarkable increase of wild ungulates populations in Aragon during the last 50 years, both in numbers and distribution, has made population monitoring a need for effective management of these species. In parallel to their raising numbers, problems related to crop damage and collisions with vehicles are growing. In this situation there has been a shift in the management goals from conservation to population control. Different methods have been used in the surveys: postal enquiries for distribution, battues, distance sampling, night spotlight surveys and indirect ones based on transect and plot counts of pellet groups. Surveys started in 1985 for red deer, 1990 for wild boar and Iberian wild goat, 1995 for chamois and 2002 for roe deer, gradually becoming a population monitoring program. The surveys are carried out by rangers and wildlife consultants under the coordination and supervision of the Fish and Game Service of the Aragon Government. The ungulate populations are still growing (wild boar, wild goat, red and roe deer), are relatively stabilised (fallow deer, feral goat), fluctuate due to diseases (chamois) or show small populations limited to fenced states (Barbary sheep, mouflon). Hunting bags went from 1,100 to 36,000 during an eleven-year period (1990-2009): 303 chamois, 1,173 wild goats, 2,141 roe deer, 2,424 red deer and 29,595 wild boars, showing a trend which is still increasing. The main tool is therefore hunting quota and its verification through hunting bags declarations, damages to crops and car crashes, and population trend and abundance.La importante expansión de las poblaciones de ungulados silvestres en Aragón desde los años 50 del siglo XX hasta la actualidad, tanto en superficie ocupada como en abundancia de ejemplares, ha hecho necesario el seguimiento de las mismas para su adecuada gestión. Su incremento en las dos últimas décadas, junto con el importante aumento de daños agrícolas y colisiones con vehículos, ha motivado un importante cambio en los criterios gestores; pasando de la conservación y fomento al control e incluso reducción de efectivos. Los métodos utilizados para el seguimiento de las poblaciones fueron: encuestas quincenales de distribución, batidas, muestreos de distancia, captura – recaptura, fareos nocturnos y muestreos indirectos basados en el conteo de grupos de excrementos en transectos y parcelas fijas. Los seguimientos se comenzaron a realizar en 1985 en el caso del ciervo, 1990 en el jabalí y cabra montesa, 1995 en el sarrio y 2002 en el corzo, habiéndose convertido paulatinamente en una verdadera monitorización poblacional. Los seguimientos son realizados por Agentes de Protección de la Naturaleza del Gobierno de Aragón y asistencias técnicas externas, bajo la supervisión y coordinación de los responsables administrativos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, algunas poblaciones continúan su expansión e incremento (jabalí, ciervo, corzo, cabra montesa), otras se encuentran relativamente estabilizadas (gamo, cabra doméstica asilvestrada), y unas pocas fluctúan debido a enfermedades (sarrio) o muestran presencias testimoniales prácticamente reducidas a cercados (arruí, muflón). Las capturas declaradas han pasado de 1.100 a 36.000 en 11 años (1999-2009): 303 sarrios, 1.173 cabras montesas, 2.141 corzos, 2.424 ciervos y 29.595 jabalíes, con una tendencia al incremento que aún no ha finalizado. El instrumento fundamental por lo tanto son los cupos de caza y su verificación se realiza a partir de las declaraciones de capturas, los daños a la agricultura y accidentes automovilísticos y la tendencia y abundancia poblacional

DNA methylation-based classification of central nervous system tumours.

Accurate pathological diagnosis is crucial for optimal management of patients with cancer. For the approximately 100 known tumour types of the central nervous system, standardization of the diagnostic process has been shown to be particularly challenging-with substantial inter-observer variability in the histopathological diagnosis of many tumour types. Here we present a comprehensive approach for the DNA methylation-based classification of central nervous system tumours across all entities and age groups, and demonstrate its application in a routine diagnostic setting. We show that the availability of this method may have a substantial impact on diagnostic precision compared to standard methods, resulting in a change of diagnosis in up to 12% of prospective cases. For broader accessibility, we have designed a free online classifier tool, the use of which does not require any additional onsite data processing. Our results provide a blueprint for the generation of machine-learning-based tumour classifiers across other cancer entities, with the potential to fundamentally transform tumour pathology