The Effects of Diets Containing Selenium in the Form of Seleniferous Grains and Inorganic Salts on the Blood Picture of the Dog and the Selenium Content of the Tissues and Organs of These Animals

This work was undertaken for the purpose of furthering our knowledge of the effects of selenium on the composition of the blood of selenized animals and also for the purpose of obtaining more information on the distribution of selenium in the tissues and organs of animals

Selenium in Glacial and Associated Deposits

The element selenium has been found to be the cause livestock and poultry poisioning in several Great Plains states, including South Dakota. The occurrence of the element has been recently noted in wheat grown on soils derived from glacial materials in Saskatchewan. Analyses of plants from glaciated areas in Montana, North Dakota, and Canada indicate the occurrence of selenium in noteworthy amounts in glacial deposits and in soils derived from them. Laboratory studies of glacial and associated materials, soils derived from them, and the indicator plant Astragalus racemosus were made to determine the amounts of selenium present. In order to determine the geographic distribution of selenium and its significance, Pleistocene deposits were investigated and their origin determined as far as possible

Nitrate Poisoning

This bulletin presents a brief survey of the problem of nitrate poisoning, incorporating some of the experimental evidence secured at this laboratory and borrowing liberally of the data obtained by other investigators, so as to make possible a more complete report. It is by no means a comprehensive review of the field, but it is thought that the literature cited (and the references therein) provides an adequate cross-reference on the subject. The pharmacologic aspects of nitrate and nitrite, for example-studies on many of the nitro esters, have been intentionally omitted from this discussion

Exercise dose and all-cause mortality within extended cardiac rehabilitation: a cohort study.

AIMS: To investigate the relationship between exercise participation, exercise 'dose' expressed as metabolic equivalent (MET) hours (h) per week, and prognosis in individuals attending an extended, community-based exercise rehabilitation programme. METHODS: Cohort study of 435 participants undertaking exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK between 1994 and 2006, followed up to 1 November 2013. MET intensity of supervised exercise was estimated utilising serial submaximal exercise test results and corresponding exercise prescriptions. Programme participation was routinely monitored. Cox regression analysis including time-varying and propensity score adjustment was applied to identify predictors of long-term, all-cause mortality across exercise dose and programme duration groups. RESULTS: There were 133 events (31%) during a median follow-up of 14 years (range, 1.2 to 18.9 years). The significant univariate association between exercise dose and all-cause mortality was attenuated following multivariable adjustment for other predictors, including duration in the programme. Longer-term adherence to supervised exercise training (>36 months) was associated with a 33% lower mortality risk (multivariate-adjusted HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.47 to 0.97; p=0.033) compared with all lesser durations of CR (3, 12, 36 months), even after adjustment for baseline fitness, comorbidities and survivor bias. CONCLUSION: Exercise dose (MET-h per week) appears less important than long-term adherence to supervised exercise for the reduction of long-term mortality risk. Extended, supervised CR programmes within the community may play a key role in promoting long-term exercise maintenance and other secondary prevention therapies for survival benefit

Submaximal fitness and mortality risk reduction in coronary heart disease: a retrospective cohort study of community-based exercise rehabilitation.

To examine the association between submaximal cardiorespiratory fitness (sCRF) and all-cause mortality in a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) cohort.Retrospective cohort study of participants entering CR between 26 May 1993 and 16 October 2006, followed up to 1 November 2013 (median 14 years, range 1.2-19.4 years).A community-based CR exercise programme in Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK.A cohort of 534 men (76%) and 136 women with a clinical diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD), aged 22-82 years, attending CR were evaluated for the association between baseline sCRF and all-cause mortality. 416 participants with an exercise test following CR (median 14 weeks) were examined for changes in sCRF and all-cause mortality.All-cause mortality and change in sCRF expressed in estimated metabolic equivalents (METs).Baseline sCRF was a strong predictor of all-cause mortality; compared to the lowest sCRF group (<5 METs for women and <6 METs for men), mortality risk was 41% lower in those with moderate sCRF (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.83) and 60% lower (HR 0.40; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.64) in those with higher sCRF levels (≥7 METs women and ≥8 METs for men). Although improvement in sCRF at 14 weeks was not associated with a significant mortality risk reduction (HR 0.91; 95% CI 0.79 to 1.06) for the whole cohort, in those with the lowest sCRF (and highest all-cause mortality) at baseline, each 1-MET improvement was associated with a 27% age-adjusted reduction in mortality risk (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.94).Higher baseline sCRF is associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality over 14 years in adults with CHD. Improving fitness through exercise-based CR is associated with significant risk reduction for the least fit