On-the-job learning and earnings

A simple model of informal learning on-the-job which combines learning by oneself and learning from others is proposed in this paper. It yields a closed-form solution that revises Mincer-Jovanovic's (1981) treatment of tenure in the human capital earnings function by relating earnings to the individual's learning potential from jobs and firms. We estimate the structural parameters of this non-linear model on a large French survey with matched employer-employee data. We find that workers on average can learn from others ten percent of their own human capital on entering the firm, and catch half of their learning potential in just two years. The measurement of worker's learning potential in their jobs and establishments provides a simple characterization of primary-type and secondary-type jobs and establishments. We find a strong relationship between the job-specific learning potential and tenure. Predictions of dual labor market theory regarding the positive match of primary-type firms (which offer high learning opportunities) with highly endowed workers (educated, high wages) are visible at the establishment level but seem to vanish at the job's level.Human capital, earnings functions, informal training, learning from others, learning by oneself, returns to tenure, dualism.

Éloge d’Alfred Sauvy

Monsieur le Président, Monsieur le Directeur, Mesdames, Messieurs,« Un homme exceptionnel est passé ». Ainsi Alfred Sauvy concluait-il l’éloge funèbre d’Adolphe Landry, décédé en 1956 dans sa 82ème année. Cet éloge, publié dans Population, était suivi d’une annonce ainsi libellée : « En hommage aux services rendus par Adolphe Landry à la science démographique, l’Institut national d’études démographiques (dont il présidait le conseil d’administration) a décidé de donner à la salle de lecture d..

On-the-job learning and earnings

URL des Cahiers : https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/CAHIERS-MSECahiers de la MSE 2005.22 - Série Blanche - ISSN : 1624-0340A simple model of informal learning on-the-job which combines learning by oneself and learning from others is proposed in this paper. It yields a closed-form solution that revises Mincer-Jovanovic's (1981) treatment of tenure in the human capital earnings function by relating earnings to the individual's learning potential from jobs and firms. We estimate the structural parameters of this non-linear model on a large French survey with matched employer-employee data. We find that workers on average can learn from others ten percent of their own human capital on entering the firm, and catch half of their learning potential in just two years. The measurement of worker's learning potential in their jobs and establishments provides a simple characterization of primary-type and secondary-type jobs and establishments. We find a strong relationship between the job-specific learning potential and tenure. Predictions of dual labor market theory regarding the positive match of primary-type firms (which offer high learning opportunities) with highly endowed workers (educated, high wages) are visible at the establishment level but seem to vanish at the job's level.Nous proposons un modèle d'apprentissage informel qui identifie deux des principales composantes de la formation en entreprise : l'apprentissage autonome et l'apprentissage par observation des autres. En reliant les gains au potentiel d'apprentissage dans l'entreprise, celui-ci révise la modélisation classique de l'ancienneté (Mincer et Jovanovic, 1981). L'estimation des paramètres structurels de ce modèle non-linéaire, à l'aide de données appariées françaises, fait apparaître, qu'en moyenne, les salariés peuvent apprendre l'équivalent de dix pour cent de leur capital humain initial et qu'il leur faut deux ans pour acquérir la moitié de ce potentiel d'apprentissage. Le potentiel d'apprentissage des individus dans leur établissement permet, à la fois au niveau des emplois et des établissements, de distinguer un secteur primaire (à forte accumulation en capital humain) d'un secteur secondaire (à faible accumulation en capital humain). Nous montrons qu'il existe une forte corrélation entre le potentiel d'apprentissage et l'ancienneté. Les prédictions de la théorie duale du marché du travail concernant l'appariement positif entre secteur primaire et salariés les plus éduqués, visibles au niveau des établissements, semble disparaître au niveau des emplois

Learning from experience or learning from others? Inferring informal training from a human capital earnings function with matched employer–employee data

A model of informal training which combines learning from own experience and learning from others is proposed in this paper. It yields a closed-form solution that revises Mincer–Jovanovic's [Mincer, J., Jovanovic, B., 1981. Labor mobility and wages. In: Rosen, S. (Ed.), Studies in Labor Markets. Chicago University Press, Chicago, pp. 21–64] treatment of tenure in the human capital earnings function. We estimate the structural parameters of this non-linear model on a large French cross-section with matched employer–employee data. We find that workers on average can learn from others 10% of their own human capital on entering one plant, and catch half of their learning from others' potential in just 2 years. The private marginal returns to education are declining with education as more educated workers have less to learn from others and share the social returns of their own education with their less qualified co-workers. The potential for learning from others on the job varies across jobs and establishments, and this provides a new distinction between imitation jobs and experience jobs. Workers in imitation jobs, who learn most from others, tend to have considerably longer tenure than workers in experience jobs. Although workers in experience jobs can learn little from others, we find that they learn a lot by themselves. We document several analogies between the imitation jobs/experience jobs “dualism” and the primary/secondary jobs and firms' dualism implied by the dual labor market theory. However, our binary classification of jobs depicts the data more closely than the dual theory categorization into primary-type and secondary-type establishments. Competition prevails between jobs and firms but jobs differ by their learning technology.Human capital earnings functions; Matched employer–employee data; Informal training; Learning from others; Learning from experience; Returns to tenure; Social returns of education; Labor market dualism

Styles de relations et conduites sexuelles d’hommes francophones montréalais qui ont des rapports sexuels avec d’autres hommes

Dans le cadre d'une étude réalisée à Montréal, 425 hommes francophones nés au Québec ayant des relations sexuelles avec d'autres hommes ont répondu à un questionnaire à remplir soi-même. Ce questionnaire portait sur leur conception de la sexualité, leurs conduites sexuelles, leurs attitudes à l'égard du condom, leurs rapports de pouvoir et de négociation en situation érotique et leur participation à certaines activités de la communauté gaie. Il ressort que monogamie, non-monogamie ou rapports occasionnels interviennent sur les dimensions précédentes, dessinant des styles de vie relativement différenciés. Ces derniers constituent donc un aspect important pour comprendre la dynamique de la vie amoureuse et sexuelle des hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec d'autres hommes.Within the context of a research conducted in Montréal, 425 francophone men born in the province of Québec who have sex with other men answered a self-administered questionnaire. This questionnaire dealt with the way those men conceive sexuality, their sexual behaviour, their attitudes toward condom, the power and negociation between them in erotic contexts, and their participation in activities held within the gay community. It revealed that monogamy, non-monogamy or occasional relations intervene upon the preceding elements, tracing quite differing styles of life. The latter are therefore very important to know in order to understand the dynamics under the love and sex life of the men who have sexual relations with other men

Statistique appliquée

Jacques Sapir et Joseph Klatzmann, directeurs d’étudesRené Padieu, École des mines et Michel Louis Lévy, INSEE Compte rendu non communiqué

Heimermann (Benoît) — Titayna (1897-1966)

Lévy Michel Louis. Heimermann (Benoît) — Titayna (1897-1966). In: Population, 49ᵉ année, n°4-5, 1994. p. 1197

Dans le miroir de l’état civil

En page 4, présentation d'un tableau relatif à la natalité et la mortalité en Europe et dans les pays développés en 1983 et 1984 par Alain MONNIER

Election et population

Mariages toujours aussi peu nombreux mais dont le nombre ne diminue plus ; légère baisse du nombre de naissance (-1,1%) ; en 1987, la principale variation enregistrée par les statistiques de l’état civil est, pour une fois, celle des décès