A coleção fotográfica de Marcel Gautherot

Considering contemporary Anthropologys debate around photography, there is a\ud keen interest in the understanding of one of the most important open to public consultation\ud photographic collections on 20th Century Brazil, that of Frenchman Marcel Gautherot (1910-\ud 1996). The collection comprises around 25,000 photographs, purchased in 1999 by Instituto\ud Moreira Salles and kept in its fund in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The text comments on the\ud photographers work, linked to documentary projects under the patronage of institutions such as\ud the Musée de l´Homme in Paris, at the end of the 1930s, and both the National Historic and\ud Artistic Patrimony Service and the Brazilian Folklore Defence Campaign, in Brazil, between the\ud years of 1940 -1960. Such commitments and interests define important thematic groupings in\ud the production and organisation of his personal photographic archive. A discussion about criteria and technical procedures adopted by the photographer is attempted, detailing series\ud and visual narratives about Brazilian cultures density. With the photographs purchase by the\ud IMS, the oeuvres aesthetic quality, now as an institutional collection, is highlighted. The collections\ud manners of preservation and conservation, reproduction and circulation are redefined

Science de l'Homme et domination rationnelle : Savoir ethnologique et politique indigène en Afrique coloniale française

International audienceThis paper explores the uses of the Weberian notion of «rational domination» as a tool for analysing the relationships between efforts by the Colonial State at controlling native populations and the development of a specific form of scientific rationality, taking these populations as objects: anthropological knowledge. Focusing on French colonial Africa, it argues that the aspects of instrumentation (with the production of instruments of identification and understanding) and of legitimization play an essential part in the emergence of a knowledge on native societies and cultures, firstly within the administration, but also in metropolitan scientific institutions. Support for the development of the science of man takes place within the framework of projects or «rationalization» of colonial domination that draw together scientists and reformers attached to the Colonial School, aiming at professionalizing the role of «colonial administrator», redefining it as a «specialist of natives».L'article explore la notion wébérienne de «domination rationnelle» comme outil pour analyser les rapports entre les efforts de gestion des populations indigènes par l'État colonial, et le développement d'une forme spécifique de rationalité scientifique, prenant pour objet ces populations: les savoirs anthropologiques. En s'appuyant sur le cas de l'Afrique coloniale française, on s'efforce de montrer comment les dimensions d'instrumentation (avec la production d'instruments d'identification et de compréhension) et de légitimation sont essentielles dans l'émergence de savoirs sur les sociétés et les cultures indigènes, d'abord au sein des appareils administratifs, mais aussi dans les institutions savantes métropolitaines. L'appui au développement de la science de l'homme se fait dans le cadre de projets de «rationalisation» de la colonisation qui rapprochent des savants et des réformateurs liés à l'École coloniale, voulant redéfinir la profession d'administrateur colonial comme «spécialiste des indigènes»