Conference on immigration law and policies.

Conference held on 24 February 2001 (Saturday) in Council Chamber, 8/F, Meng Wah Complex, University of Hong Kong.Caption title.published_or_final_versionStrugging with the right to family life Athena Liu Liu, AthenaIntegration or segregation : the political attitude of new arrivals Robert Chung Chung, RobertHousing and welfare services for new arrivals from China : inclusion or exclusion? Ernest Chui Chui, ErnestImmigration and health care Chow Chun Bong Chow, Chun- bongQuota system and one way permit Ho Hei Wah Ho, Hei-wahDiscretion and immigration control Philip Dykes SC Dykes, Philip S. C.Immigration law and discretionary powers T K Lai Lai, T. K.Inherent contradictions and inconsistencies in the Immigration Ordinance S H Kwok Kwok, S. H.Due process and aliens Paul Harris Harris, PaulThe cultural politics of mainland Chinese migration to Hong Kong Khun Eng Kuah-Pearce Kuah-Pearce, Khun En

Onset of phase correlations in YBa2Cu3O{7-x} as determined from reversible magnetization measurements

Isofield magnetization curves are obtained and analyzed for three single crystals of YBa2Cu3O{7-x}, ranging from optimally doped to very underdoped, as well as the BCS superconductor Nb, in the presence of magnetic fields applied both parallel and perpendicular to the $ab$ planes. Near Tc, the magnetization exhibits a temperature dependence \sqrt{M} [Ta(H)-T]^m. In accordance with recent theories, we associated Ta(H) with the onset of coherent phase fluctuations of the superconducting order parameter. For Nb and optimally doped YBaCuO, Ta(H) is essentially identical to the mean-field transition line Tc(H). The fitting exponent m=0.5 takes its mean-field value for Nb, and varies just slightly from 0.5 for optimally doped YBaCuO. However, underdoped YBCO samples exhibit anomalous behavior, with Ta(H)>Tc for H applied parallel to the c axis, suggesting that the magnetization is probing a region of temperatures above Tc where phase correlations persist. In this region, the fitting exponent falls in the range 0.5 < m < 0.8 for H\parallel c, compared with m~0. for $H\parallel ab planes. The results are interpreted in terms of an anisotropic pairing symmetry of the order parameter: d-wave along the ab planes and s-wave along the c axis.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Comparing the reliability of networks by spectral analysis

We provide a method for the ranking of the reliability of two networks with the same connectance. Our method is based on the Cheeger constant linking the topological property of a network with its spectrum. We first analyze a set of twisted rings with the same connectance and degree distribution, and obtain the ranking of their reliability using their eigenvalue gaps. The results are generalized to general networks using the method of rewiring. The success of our ranking method is verified numerically for the IEEE57, the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi, and the Small-World networks.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

The symbiotic system AG Draconis. Soft X-ray bremsstrahlung from the nebulae

The modeling of UV and optical spectra emitted from the symbiotic system AG Draconis, adopting collision of the winds, predicts soft X-ray bremsstrahlung from nebulae downstream of the reverse shock with velocities > 150 km/s and intensities comparable to those of the white dwarf black body flux. At outbursts, the envelop of debris, which corresponds to the nebula downstream of the high velocity shocks (700-1000 km/s) accompanying the blast wave, absorbs the black body soft X-ray flux from the white dwarf, explains the broad component of the H and He lines, and leads to low optical-UV-X-ray continuum fluxes. The high optical-UV flux observed at the outbursts is explained by bremsstrahlung downstream of the reverse shock between the stars. The depletion of C, N, O, and Mg relative to H indicates that they are trapped into dust grains and/or into diatomic molecules, suggesting that the collision of the wind from the white dwarf with the dusty shells, ejected from the red giant with about 1 year periodicity, leads to the U-band fluctuations during the major bursts.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. New Astronomy, in pres

Spectroscopy of the post-AGB star HD 101584(IRAS 11385-5517)

From an analysis of the spectrum (4000\AA to 8800\AA) of HD~101584 it is found that most of the neutral and single ionized metallic lines are in emission. The forbidden emission lines of [OI] 6300\AA and 6363\AA and [CI] 8727\AA are detected, which indicate the presence of a very low excitation nebula. The H$\alpha$, FeII 6383\AA, NaI D$_{1}$, D$_{2}$ lines and the CaII IR triplet lines show P-Cygni profiles indicating a mass outflow. The H$\alpha$ line shows many velocity components in the profile. The FeII 6383\AA also has almost the same line profile as the H$\alpha$ line indicating that they are formed in the same region. From the spectrum synthesis analysis we find the atmospheric parameters to be T$_{eff}$=8500K, log g=1.5, V$_{turb}$=13km~s$^{-1}$ and [Fe/H]=0.0. From an analysis of the absorption lines the photospheric abundances of some of the elements are derived. Carbon and nitrogen are found to be overabundant. From the analysis of Fe emission lines we derived T$_{exi}$=6100K$\pm$200 for the emission line region.Comment: To appear in A&A, 15 pages, 11 figure

An Evaluation of the Excitation Class Parameter for the Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae

The three main methods currently in use for estimating the excitation class of planetary nebulae (PNe) central stars are compared and evaluated using 586 newly discovered and previously known PNe in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). In order to achieve this we ran a series of evaluation tests using line ratios derived from de-reddened, flux calibrated spectra. Pronounced differences between the methods are exposed. Diagrams were created by comparing excitation classes with H-beta line fluxes. The best methods are then compared to published temperatures using the Zanstra method and assessed for their ability to reflect central star effective temperatures and evolution. As a result we call for a clarification of the term `excitation class' according to the different input parameters used. The first method, which we refer to as Exneb relies purely on the ratios of certain key emission lines. The second method, which we refer to as Ex* includes modeling to create a continuous variable and, for optically thick PNe in the Magellanic Clouds, is designed to relate more closely to intrinsic stellar parameters. The third method, we refer to as Ex [OIII]/H-beta since the [OIII]/H-beta ratio is used in isolation to other temperature diagnostics. Each of these methods is shown to have serious drawbacks when used as an indicator for central star temperature. Finally, we suggest a new method (Exrho) for estimating excitation class incorporating both the [OIII]/H-beta and the HeII4686 /H-beta ratios. Although any attempt to provide accurate central star temperatures using the excitation class derived from nebula lines will always be limited, we show that this new method provides a substantial improvement over previous methods with better agreement to temperatures derived through the Zanstra method.Comment: 14 pages, 18 figure. This peer reviewed paper has been accepted for publication in PAS

PEMENUHAN HAK RESTITUSI BAGI KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN UU NO. 31 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UU NO. 13 TAHUN 2006 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN SAKSI DAN KORBAN

Restitusi merupakan salah satu bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap korban yang bertujuan pada pemulihan korban dalam wujud pelaku membayar sejumlah uang sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban pidana atas apa yang telah diperbuatnya. Dalam praktiknya restitusi menjadi sebuah tantangan baru bagi aparat penegak hukum. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut maka dirumuskan masalah mengenai, bagaimana bentuk restitusi bagi korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang? Kendala apa sajakah yang terjadi untuk mendapatkan restitusi bagi korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang? Upaya apakah yang harus dilakukan LPSK agar memastikan korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang mendapatkan perlindungan hukum? Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan dukungan yuridis empiris. Metode-metode ini dikaji menggunakan data primer berupa hukum positif, asas dan teori hukum serta data sekunder yang diperoleh dari literatur dan hasil wawancara di lapangan. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah yuridis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 (tiga) peraturan perundang-undangan yang berorientasi terhadap perlindungan hukum bagi korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang untuk mendapatkan restitusi. Adapun bentuk restitusi yang dimaksud dalam Pasal 22 ayat (1) huruf e PP No. 44 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pemberian Kompensasi, Restitusi dan Bantuan Kepada Saksi dan Korban sebagai aturan pelaksanaan dari Pasal 7B UU No. 31 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perubahan Atas UU No. 13 Tahun 2006 Tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban adalah dalam bentuk pembayaran sejumlah uang kepada korbannya akan tetapi dalam Pasal 50 ayat (4) UU No. 21 Tahun 2007 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang mengatur bahwa restitusi bagi korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang dapat diganti dengan pidana kurungan pengganti paling lama 1 (satu) tahun. Kendala untuk mendapatkan restitusi dapat dilihat dari berbagai faktor yaitu faktor hukum, faktor penegak hukum, faktor kesadaran korban dan faktor kemampuan dan kemauan pelaku. Adapun upaya yang telah dilakukan oleh LPSK adalah dengan menjemput serta mendatangi sendiri korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang untuk diberitahu hak-haknya untuk mendapatkan restitusi. Menyikapi hal tersebut perubahan terhadap substansi hukum, struktur hukum, maupun budaya hukum perlu dilakukan agar pemenuhan hak restitusi bagi korban tindak pidana perdagangan orang lebih maksimal. Kata Kunci: Tindak pidana perdagangan orang, korban, hak restitusi

The Elite Brain Drain

We collect data on the movement and productivity of elite scientists. Their mobility is remarkable: nearly half of the world's most-cited physicists work outside their country of birth. We show they migrate systematically towards nations with large R&D spending. Our study cannot adjudicate on whether migration improves scientists' productivity, but we find that movers and stayers have identical h-index citations scores. Immigrants in the UK and US now win Nobel Prizes proportionately less often than earlier. US residents' h-indexes are relatively high. We describe a framework where a key role is played by low mobility costs in the modern world.mobility, science, brain drain, citations