Observational Constraints on the Generalized Chaplygin Gas

In this paper we study a quintessence cosmological model in which the dark energy component is considered to be the Generalized Chaplygin Gas and the curvature of the three-geometry is taken into account. Two parameters characterize this sort of fluid, the $\nu$ and the $\alpha$ parameters. We use different astronomical data for restricting these parameters. It is shown that the constraint $\nu \lesssim \alpha$ agrees enough well with the astronomical observations.Comment: Accepted by IJMPD; 18 pages; 10 Figure

Impact of European Integration on the Functioning of the Insurance Market in Poland

The transformation process, that has begun 20 years ago, generated significant changes in the structure and organization of Polish economy. It stimulated development of particular market's segments, especially of the insurance sector. Poland's accession to the European Union required conformity to Its regulations, fulfillment of several conditions connected with the membership in the European Community. The purpose of this article is to present the main consequences of Poland's integration with EU in the field of insurance market. Joining the common market was an important challenge for this sector in our country.Rok 1990 stanowił początek procesu transformacji systemu społeczno - gospodarczego i ustrojowego. Ostatnie 20 lat to okres intensywnych przemian o charakterze strukturalnym i organizacyjnym, w wyniku których ukształtowały się warunki rozwoju poszczególnych segmentów systemu finansowego państwa, zwłaszcza sektora ubezpieczeń. Przystąpienie Polski do Unii Europejskiej wymagało wprowadzenia szeregu zmian, dostosowujących polski porządek prawny do uregulowań wspólnotowych regulujących funkcjonowanie rynku ubezpieczeń. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie szans i zagrożeń, jakie wynikają dla tego segmentu gospodarki z przystąpienia Polski do UE. Niewątpliwie proces integracji stanowił poważne wyzwanie dla polskiego rynku ubezpieczeń

Testing the viability of the interacting holographic dark energy model by using combined observational constraints

Using the data coming from the new 182 Gold type Ia supernova samples, the shift parameter of the Cosmic Microwave Background given by the three-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe observations, and the baryon acoustic oscillation measurement from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, $H(z)$ and lookback time measurements, we have performed a statistical joint analysis of the interacting holographic dark energy model. Consistent parameter estimations show us that the interacting holographic dark energy model is a viable candidate to explain the observed acceleration of our universe.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in JCA

Reconstructing the properties of dark energy from recent observations

We explore the properties of dark energy from recent observational data, including the Gold Sne Ia, the baryonic acoustic oscillation peak from SDSS, the CMB shift parameter from WMAP3, the X-ray gas mass fraction in cluster and the Hubble parameter versus redshift. The $\Lambda CDM$ model with curvature and two parameterized dark energy models are studied. For the $\Lambda CDM$ model, we find that the flat universe is consistent with observations at the $1\sigma$ confidence level and a closed universe is slightly favored by these data. For two parameterized dark energy models, with the prior given on the present matter density, $\Omega_{m0}$, with $\Omega_{m0}=0.24$, $\Omega_{m0}=0.28$ and $\Omega_{m0}=0.32$, our result seems to suggest that the trend of $\Omega_{m0}$ dependence for an evolving dark energy from a combination of the observational data sets is model-dependent.Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures, To appear in JCA

Cosmological constraints combining H(z), CMB shift and SNIa observational data

Recently H(z) data obtained from differential ages of galaxies have been proposed as a new geometrical probe of dark energy. In this paper we use those data, combined with other background tests (CMB shift and SNIa data), to constrain a set of general relativistic dark energy models together with some other models motivated by extra dimensions. Our analysis rests mostly on Bayesian statistics, and we conclude that LCDM is at least substantially favoured, and that braneworld models are less favoured than general relativistic ones.Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures; improved discussion, new figures, updated to match published versio

Conservative treatment of a left atrial intramural hematoma after left atrial thrombus resection and concomitant mitral valve replacement - case report

Left atrial intramural hematoma is a seldom cause of left atrial mass. It has been described to occur spontaneously, after interventional procedures, after blunt chest trauma, or after aortocoronary bypass surgery. We present a case of mitral valve replacement together with the removal of a large intraatrial space-occupying lesion. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography confirmed a successful resection of this mass. Surprisingly, upon admission to ICU, transesophageal and transthoracic echocardiography revealed a recurrence of an intramural lesion, closest matching a hematoma, which was confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Surgical intervention was thoroughly discussed but a conservative management was favoured. 3 months after surgery, a reassessed transthoracic echocardiography and computed tomography demonstrated an almost complete resolution of the pre-existing hematoma

ESTIMATION OF GENOTYPIC GAIN THROUGH SELECTION IN SEGREGATING GENERATIONS OF OAT

In the selection of superior genotypes, it searches to develop the maximum genetic profit and this to attribute the evaluated traits, in the next cycle of selection, a bigger potential. For thus, it is interesting that the breeder by the genetic improvement knows the efficiency that can be reached when any method of selection in segregating populations is used. Thus, the present work was proposed with the objective of determining the genetic profit considering the differential of estimated selection and the heritability in agronomics traits and quality of grain through selection carried out in segregating generations. The experiment was held in Pato Branco, Brazil, in the southwest region of Paraná State, during the year of 2001. The performed studies have involved the traits vegetative cycle, stature of plant, weight of panicle, number of grains/panicle, average weight of grains and percentage of caryopses in four white oats crossing, UPF 7 X OR 2, UPF 7 X CTC 5, OR 2 X CTC 5 e OR 2 X UPF 18. The heritability coefficients have presented bigger values for the traits vegetative cycle (0,60), average weight of grains (0,68) and percentage of caryopses (0,40). The differential selection was more expressive for the traits directly to the production of grains and, together with the values of heritability, have resulted in high genetic profit considering that the same ones represent a single cycle of selection.A seleção de genótipos superiores busca explorar ao máximo a variância genética aditiva e, com isso, atribuir aos caracteres selecionados, no próximo ciclo de seleção, um maior potencial. Para isso, é interessante que o melhorista conheça a eficiência que pode ser alcançada quando da utilização de um método de seleção em populações segregantes. Assim, o presente trabalho foi proposto com o objetivo de determinar o ganho genotípico, considerando o diferencial de seleção e a herdabilidade no sentido amplo, estimado em caracteres agronômicos e de qualidade do grão da aveia por meio da seleção realizada na geração F3. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Pato Branco, Região Sudoeste do Estado do Paraná, durante o ano de 2001. Os estudos realizados envolveram os caracteres ciclo vegetativo, estatura de planta, peso de panícula, número de grãos/panícola, peso médio de grãos e percentual de cariopse em quatro cruzamentos de aveia branca, UPF 7 X OR 2, UPF 7 X CTC 5, OR 2 X CTC 5 e OR 2 X UPF 18. Os coeficientes de herdabilidade no sentido amplo apresentaram maiores valores para os caracteres ciclo vegetativo (0,60), peso médio de grãos (0,68) e percentual de cariopse (0,40). O diferencial de seleção foi mais expressivo para os caracteres diretamente relacionados a produção de grãos e, juntamente com os valores de herdabilidade no sentido amplo, resultaram em elevado ganho genotípico considerando que os mesmos representaram um único ciclo de seleção

Observational constraint on generalized Chaplygin gas model

We investigate observational constraints on the generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) model as the unification of dark matter and dark energy from the latest observational data: the Union SNe Ia data, the observational Hubble data, the SDSS baryon acoustic peak and the five-year WMAP shift parameter. It is obtained that the best fit values of the GCG model parameters with their confidence level are $A_{s}=0.73^{+0.06}_{-0.06}$ ($1\sigma$) $^{+0.09}_{-0.09}$ $(2\sigma)$, $\alpha=-0.09^{+0.15}_{-0.12}$ ($1\sigma$) $^{+0.26}_{-0.19}$ $(2\sigma)$. Furthermore in this model, we can see that the evolution of equation of state (EOS) for dark energy is similar to quiessence, and its current best-fit value is $w_{0de}=-0.96$ with the $1\sigma$ confidence level $-0.91\geq w_{0de}\geq-1.00$.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Transverse-momentum-dependent Multiplicities of Charged Hadrons in Muon-Deuteron Deep Inelastic Scattering

A semi-inclusive measurement of charged hadron multiplicities in deep inelastic muon scattering off an isoscalar target was performed using data collected by the COMPASS Collaboration at CERN. The following kinematic domain is covered by the data: photon virtuality $Q^{2}>1$ (GeV/$c$)$^2$, invariant mass of the hadronic system $W > 5$ GeV/$c^2$, Bjorken scaling variable in the range $0.003 < x < 0.4$, fraction of the virtual photon energy carried by the hadron in the range $0.2 < z < 0.8$, square of the hadron transverse momentum with respect to the virtual photon direction in the range 0.02 (GeV/$c)^2 < P_{\rm{hT}}^{2} < 3$ (GeV/$c$)$^2$. The multiplicities are presented as a function of $P_{\rm{hT}}^{2}$ in three-dimensional bins of $x$, $Q^2$, $z$ and compared to previous semi-inclusive measurements. We explore the small-$P_{\rm{hT}}^{2}$ region, i.e. $P_{\rm{hT}}^{2} < 1$ (GeV/$c$)$^2$, where hadron transverse momenta are expected to arise from non-perturbative effects, and also the domain of larger $P_{\rm{hT}}^{2}$, where contributions from higher-order perturbative QCD are expected to dominate. The multiplicities are fitted using a single-exponential function at small $P_{\rm{hT}}^{2}$ to study the dependence of the average transverse momentum $\langle P_{\rm{hT}}^{2}\rangle$ on $x$, $Q^2$ and $z$. The power-law behaviour of the multiplicities at large $P_{\rm{hT}}^{2}$ is investigated using various functional forms. The fits describe the data reasonably well over the full measured range.Comment: 28 pages, 20 figure