208 research outputs found
Distribution and Endocrine Morphology of Polypeptide YY (PYY) Containing Cells in the Human Gut
Using human materials, the distribution of PYY containing cells was determined by immunocytochemical methods and discussion was made on their morphological endocrinology. PYY cells were fairly numerous in the lower gastrointestinal tract of man, particularly in the colon and rectum. The cells were also present in the pancreas and duodenum but quite rarely. PYY cells were not observed at all in the lower part of the esophagus, stomach and gall bladder. Their peculiar and characteristic shapes as well as distribution suggest that PYY may have some action (probably specific) on the function of the distal gastrointestinal tract
Positions of Point-Nodes in Borocarbide Superconductor YNi2B2C
To determine the superconducting gap function of YNi2B2C, we calculate the
local density of states (LDOS) around a single vortex core with the use of
Eilenberger theory and the band structure calculated by local density
approximation assuming various gap structures with point-nodes at different
positions. We also calculate the angular-dependent heat capacity in the vortex
state on the basis of the Doppler-Shift method. Comparing our results with the
STM/STS experiment, the angular-dependent heat capacity and thermal
conductivity, we propose the gap-structure of YNi2B2C, which has the
point-nodes and gap minima along . Our gap-structure is consistent with
all results of angular-resolved experiments.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
Applicability of Licorice Extracts for Treatment of Oral Diseases, Evaluated by Simplified In Vitro Assay Systems with Oral Cells
Licorice extracts contain various useful substances for oral health. Alkaline extract showed potent anti‐HIV activity, whereas flavonoid‐rich water extracts showed potent anti‐HSV activity, closely correlated with polarizability, ionization potential, a number of ring systems, atomic number and mass. Licorice flavonoids showed higher tumor‐specificity against human oral squamous cell carcinoma as compared with human normal oral mesenchymal cells. Glycyrrhiza, at noncytotoxic concentrations, potently inhibited the IL‐1β‐induced inflammation in cultured human gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Glycyrrhizin, a major component of Glycyrrhiza, showed the highest UV‐protected activity. The results suggest the possible applicability of licorice extracts for several oral diseases and cosmetic products
Field angle dependence of the zero-energy density of states in unconventional superconductors: analysis of the borocarbide superconductor YNi2B2C
We investigate the field-angle-dependent zero-energy density of states for
YNi2B2C with using realistic Fermi surfaces obtained by band calculations. Both
the 17th and 18th bands are taken into account. For calculating the oscillating
density of states, we adopt the Kramer-Pesch approximation, which is found to
improve accuracy in the oscillation amplitude. We show that superconducting gap
structure determined by analyzing STM experiments is consistent with thermal
transport and heat capacity measurements.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, 25th international conference on Low Temperature
Physics (Amsterdam, The Netherlands, August 6-13 2008) LT1597, to be
published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series 200
Five-point Likert scaling on MRI predicts clinically significant prostate carcinoma
Background: To clarify the relationship between the probability of prostate cancer scaled using a 5-point Likert system and the biological characteristics of corresponding tumor foci. Methods: The present study involved 44 patients undergoing 3.0-Tesla multiparametric MRI before laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Tracing based on pathological and MRI findings was performed. The relationship between the probability of cancer scaled using the 5-point Likert system and the biological characteristics of corresponding tumor foci was evaluated. Results: A total of 102 tumor foci were identified histologically from the 44 specimens. Of the 102 tumors, 55 were assigned a score based on MRI findings (score 1: n = 3; score 2: n = 3; score 3: n = 16; score 4: n = 11 score 5: n = 22), while 47 were not pointed out on MRI. The tracing study revealed that the proportion of >0.5 cm3 tumors increased according to the upgrade of Likert scores (score 1 or 2: 33 %; score 3: 68.8 %; score 4 or 5: 90.9 %, χ2 test, p 7 also increased from scale 2 to scale 5 (scale 2: 0 %; scale 3: 56.3 %; scale 4: 72.7 %; 5: 90.9 %, χ2 test, p = 0.0001). On using score 3 or higher as the threshold of cancer detection on MRI, the detection rate markedly improved if the tumor volume exceeded 0.5 cm3 (<0.2 cm3: 10.3 %; 0.2-0.5 cm3: 25 %; 0.5-1.0 cm3: 66.7 %; 1.0 < cm3: 92.1 %). Conclusions: Each Likert scale favobably reflected the corresponding tumor’s volume and Gleason score. Our observations show that “score 3 or higher” could be a useful threshold to predict clinically significant carcinoma when considering treatment options
Stripe formation in high-Tc superconductors
The non-uniform ground state of the two-dimensional three-band Hubbard model
for the oxide high-Tc superconductors is investigated using a variational Monte
Carlo method. We examine the effect produced by holes doped into the
antiferromagnetic (AF) background in the underdoped region. It is shown that
the AF state with spin modulations and stripes is stabilized du to holes
travelling in the CuO plane. The structures of the modulated AF spins are
dependent upon the parameters used in the model. The effect of the boundary
conditions is reduced for larger systems. We show that there is a region where
incommensurability is proportional to the hole density. Our results give a
consistent description of stripes observed by the neutron- scattering
experiments based on the three-band model for CuO plane.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figure
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