IMPACT OF ALCOHOL ON PANCREAS IN ALCOHOLIC PATIENTS

Objective: Prolonged hazardous drinking can result in progressive and irreversible damage to the pancreas gland. This occurs on the background of pancreatic inflammation, acinar atrophy and, ultimately, fibrosis and can result in significant exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Withdrawal of alcohol at an early stage may arrest the process and, even when the condition is established, may reduce the number of inflammatory episodes and allow for better control of both exocrine and endocrine insufficiencies. This study is aimed to identify the impact of alcohol on the pancreas and to educate the patient about the importance of alcohol cessation. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a multispecialty clinic in the gastroenterology department for a period of one month. 60 patients were involved in the study who were diagnosed with pancreatitis (acute or chronic). The data was obtained by directly communicating with the patients which consisted of demographics and social habits. Results: Among 60 patients, the male was dominant (85%) than female (15%). Majority of the patients were in the age group of 41-60 y (65%) followed by patients 2140 y of age (25%) and patients above 60 y of age (10%). Epigastric pain was the most common presenting complaint in all patients (67%) followed by vomiting (33%). Majority of the patients involved are alcoholics (60%). Conclusion: Proper attention to the health at the time of diagnosis of disease by alcohol cessation can prevent the progression of the disease and helps the patient to lead a healthy life

CHITOSAN NANOBUBBLES DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION FOR THE DELIVERY OF SUNITINIB-AN ANTICANCER AGENT

Objective: In the current study, we introduced a novel method for creating Sunitinib nanobubbles by incorporating it into chitosan-shelled nanobubbles. Methods: The Design Expert® programme randomly assigned around 13 experiments, and multiple regression analysis was used to statistically examine the data. The effect of the amount of sunitinib, amount of chitosan, amount of Epikuron 200, amount of palmitic acid and stirring speed, on percent encapsulation efficiency and drug load while maintain minimum particle size of nanobubbles as considered through a definitive screening plan. By placing limitations on the response parameters, the optimum formulation was created using a numerical optimization approach. The three improved formulations (Batch1 through Batch3) were assessed. Results: The findings show that the nanobubbles particle size of 78.56-82.42 nm with an encapsulation efficiency of 68.48-69.56 % and loading capacity of 23.88-25.02%. The quantity of sunitinib released from nanobubbles was much larger (96.52 percent) than that from the sunitinib solution within 24 h, according to an in vitro release profile of the medication using ultrasonography. The hemolytic activity of the blank nanobubbles and sunitinib-loaded nanobubbles was measured to assess their safety up to a concentration of 10 mg/ml. With erythrocytes, drug-loaded nanobubbles had a good safety profile. FTIR, DSC studies indicated no chemical interactions, TEM images revealed nanobubbles size of 70-100 nm and stability studies shows no significant changes. Conclusion: For contrast-enhanced tumour imaging and subsequent therapeutic administration, nanobubbles were found to be superior

A REVIEW ON BASE DRAG REDUCTION METHODS

In this project-based learning we are going to know about how the base drag are acting on an object to automobile and aircrafts and it deals with the equations of the drag in fluid dynamics and aerodynamics, and we come to know that what steps are we going to follow how to overcome the drag in vehicles. Reducing base drag of two dimensional and axisymmetric bodies having a blunt base. These methods include splitter plates, both thin and thick, splitter wedges, base bleed. boat-tailing and various types of serrated trailing edges. These methods include splitter plates, both thin and thick, splitter wedges, base bleed, boat-tailing and various types of serrated trailing edges. The effectiveness of the various devices in reducing base drag is shown and compared. In some cases, their influence on the lift of an airfoil is also indicated. Axisymmetric bodies, e.g., missiles, often have a blunt base. The corresponding base drag usually is an appreciable part of the total drag and, if the base drag is not reduced by suitable means, can remarkably reduce the overall performance of the system. Under most circumstances it is desirable to have as small a base drag as possible. Therefore, during the last 25 years many methods for reducing base drag have been developed. Often the periodic lift forces inducing vibrations also decrease if the base drag is reduced. By making CFD analysis also we can predefine the drag on the airfoil and automobile. There are various drag reduction method existing in the present world of transport vehicles and airplane. In general, the dynamics of the system subjected to both internal and external flow concurrently is similar to that with just one of the two flows. It would be of practical importance if it were possible to determine an equivalent flow which would have the same dynamical effect on a given beam as the two flows simultaneously

Design of Super Twisting Integral Sliding Mode Control for Industrial Robot Manipulator

In the present work, integral sliding mode based continuous control algorithm is extended to multi input multi output system. The typical integral sliding mode control (ISMC) contains nominal control with discontinuous feedback control due to which overall control becomes discontinuous in nature. The proposed controller is a fusion of two continuous terms and one of which is able to handle, estimate and reject the disturbance successfully. A proposed robust ISMC technique is applied for industrial robot manipulators which utilizes interactive manipulation activity. Here, robust position tracking control obtained via ISMC principle for two link IRM scheme influenced by parametric uncertainties and external disturbances. The proposed ISMC design replaces the discontinuous part by continuous control, which super twisting control is able to handle the disturbance rejection completely. The effectiveness of the proposed control technique is tested under uncertain conditions and comparison study with other controllers has been done. The simulation result shows that the tracking error is effectively minimized by the proposed technique in presence of uncertain conditions

Use of spatiotemporal characteristics of ambient PM2.5 in rural South India to infer local versus regional contributions

This study uses spatiotemporal patterns in ambient concentrations to infer the contribution of regional versus local sources. We collected 12 months of monitoring data for outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in rural southern India. Rural India includes more than one-tenth of the global population and annually accounts for around half a million air pollution deaths, yet little is known about the relative contribution of local sources to outdoor air pollution. We measured 1-min averaged outdoor PM2.5 concentrations during June 2015-May 2016 in three villages, which varied in population size, socioeconomic status, and type and usage of domestic fuel. The daily geometric-mean PM2.5 concentration was approximately 30mugm(-3) (geometric standard deviation: approximately 1.5). Concentrations exceeded the Indian National Ambient Air Quality standards (60mugm(-3)) during 2-5% of observation days. Average concentrations were approximately 25mugm(-3) higher during winter than during monsoon and approximately 8mugm(-3) higher during morning hours than the diurnal average. A moving average subtraction method based on 1-min average PM2.5 concentrations indicated that local contributions (e.g., nearby biomass combustion, brick kilns) were greater in the most populated village, and that overall the majority of ambient PM2.5 in our study was regional, implying that local air pollution control strategies alone may have limited influence on local ambient concentrations. We compared the relatively new moving average subtraction method against a more established approach. Both methods broadly agree on the relative contribution of local sources across the three sites. The moving average subtraction method has broad applicability across locations

Cystic lymphangioma of the breast in an infant successfully managed with intralesional bleomycin: a case report with relevant review of the literature

Cystic hygromas, also known as lymphangiomas, are unusual congenital malformations of the lymphatic system and commonly involve the head and neck region or axilla. Involvement of other sites such as breasts is very rare. The preferred mode of treatment for lymphangioma of the breast in adults or children is surgery. We report a case of breast lymphangioma in a 3-month-old male child, which was managed successfully by intralesional bleomycin.Keywords: breast, bleomycin, intralesional sclerosing agent, macrocystic lymphangiom

Selective formation of pyridinic-type nitrogen-doped graphene and its application in lithium-ion battery anodes

We report a high-yield single-step method for synthesizing nitrogen-doped graphene nanostripes (N-GNSPs) with an unprecedentedly high percentage of pyridinic-type doping (>86% of the nitrogen sites), and investigate the performance of the resulting N-GNSPs as a lithium-ion battery (LIB) anode material. The as-grown N-GNSPs are compared with undoped GNSPs using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), helium ion-beam microscopy (HIM), and electrochemical methods. As an anode material we find that pyridinic-type N-GNSPs perform similarly to undoped GNSPs, suggesting that pyridinic sites alone are not responsible for the enhanced performance of nitrogen-doped graphene observed in previous studies, which contradicts common conjectures. In addition, post-mortem XPS measurements of nitrogen-doped graphene cycled as a lithium-ion battery anode are conducted for the first time, which reveal direct evidence for irreversible chemical changes at the nitrogen sites during cycling. These findings therefore provide new insights into the mechanistic models of doped graphene as LIB anodes, which are important in improving the anode designs for better LIB performance

MANAGEMENT OF STRESS RELATED PSORIASIS W. S. R. TO CHETAH SAMAVAYI

There is a wide range of importance for appearance in present era. Psoriasis is chronic disorder which is commonly encountered in day to days clinical practices. It is one of the burning issue having social importance. Increased stress and life style are main predisposing factor which is accounting for wide spared prevalence of this disease. Usually10-15% cases present before general practitioners are pertaining to skin diseases. Due to altered life style, lack of physical exercise, unhygienic, mental stress, over eating, skin diseases are commonly observed. We can observe many diseases popping up especially due to mental stress i.e., Manasa Vikriti. There is Samavaya Sambandha between Tvacha and Manas (Chetah Samavayi). Most of the Tvak Vikaras are psychologically agonising and have negative impact on quality of life. Here it is important to remember the citation of Acharya Charaka regarding the relationship between the Tvacha and Manas, Tvacha is considered as Chetah Samvayi i.e., the skin has an eternal relationship with Manas (psyche/mind). The knowledge of Nidana is helpful for the proper diagnosis, prevention of disease and treatment also. Thus to treat any Tvak Gata Vikara, Bhishak should consider the skin ailment as well as condition of Manas. This paper highlights a case study of stress related Kitibha Kusta (Psoriasis) treated with Shodhana Chikitsa.