Microclimatological, Pedological, and Geomorphological Studies in the Western Tasersiaq Area, Greenland During Summer 1964

Final Report - 30 April 1964 -29 July 1965During the summer 1964, personnel of The Ohio State University Institute of Polar Studies conducted a field program in the Sukkertoppen Ice Cap area of southwest Greenland. The program included studies of soil and mass wasting in the Tasersiaq area immediately east of the ice cap, and studies of the microclimatology across the eastern edge of the ice cap. The results of this research program are contained in four parts. Part I, by Adolph Kryger, discusses the microclimatological (excluding radiation) results of observations taken at four stations, one at the base of the slope below the eastern edge of the Sukkertoppen Ice Cap, two intermediate ones on the slope, and one at the edge of the glacier. Part II, by Fritz Loewe, discusses the radiation observations. Both have related their observations to those at other permanent stations along the western Greenland coast. Part III, by K. R. Everett, presents the results of studies of mass-wasting and patterned ground phenomena. Part IV, by N. Holowaychuk and K. R. Everett, contains most of the results of the pedological studies. The report herein includes the discussion of soil morphology,chemistry, and classification.U.S. Army Natick Laboratories, Contract No. DA-19-129-AMC-301(N

Clinical Significance of Sleep Desaturation in Hypoxemic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Studies in 130 Patients

We studied 130 patients with hypoxemic chronic obstructive lung disease to determine if nocturnal desaturation aggravates hypoxia-induced complications. All had tests of neuropsychological and physiological function known to be affected by chronic hypoxia. Of the 130 patients, 25 had complete polysomnography and 105 had their sleep judged visually and arterial oxygen saturation recorded continuously. Severe and mild desaturation groups were defined relative to the mean for both mean and maximal sleep desaturation, and the severity of waking complications were compared. No significant differences were noted between patients with mild and severe mean desaturation or maximal desaturation for hematocrit, neuropsychological tests, maximal exercise tolerance, or measures of quality of life. Waking pulmonary artery pressure did not differ significantly between patients with mild and severe mean desaturation or maximal desaturation, except in 20 patients with the most severe mean desaturation during sleep. We conclude that nocturnal desaturation does not aggravate hypoxia-induced complications in most patients who are chronically hypoxemic from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Exploration of Resonant Continuum and Giant Resonance in the Relativistic Approach

Single-particle resonant-states in the continuum are determined by solving scattering states of the Dirac equation with proper asymptotic conditions in the relativistic mean field theory (RMF). The regular and irregular solutions of the Dirac equation at a large radius where the nuclear potentials vanish are relativistic Coulomb wave functions, which are calculated numerically. Energies, widths and wave functions of single-particle resonance states in the continuum for ^{120}Sn are studied in the RMF with the parameter set of NL3. The isoscalar giant octupole resonance of ^{120}Sn is investigated in a fully consistent relativistic random phase approximation. Comparing the results with including full continuum states and only those single-particle resonances we find that the contributions from those resonant-states dominate in the nuclear giant resonant processes.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figure

Antibiotic Prophylaxis with Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole versus No Treatment after Mid-to-Distal Hypospadias Repair: A Prospective, Randomized Study

Purpose. To evaluate the impact of prophylactic antibiotics after distal hypospadias repair on postoperative bacteriuria, symptomatic urinary tract infection, and postoperative complications in a prospective, randomized trial. Materials and Methods. Consecutive patients aged 6 months to 2 years were enrolled at our institution between June 2013 and May 2017. Consenting patients were randomized to antibiotic prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus no antibiotic. Patients had catheterized urine samples obtained at surgery and 6–10 days postoperatively. The primary outcome was bacteriuria and pyuria at postoperative urine collection. Secondary outcomes included symptomatic urinary tract infection and postoperative complications. Results. 70 patients consented to the study, of which 35 were randomized to receive antibiotics compared to 32 who did not. Demographics, severity of hypospadias, and type of repair were similar between the groups. Patients in the treatment group had significantly less pyuria (18%) and bacteriuria (11%) present at stent removal compared to the nontreatment group (55% and 63%; p=0.01 and p<0.001, resp.). No patient had a symptomatic urinary tract infection. There were 11 postoperative complications. Conclusions. Routine antibiotic prophylaxis appears to significantly decrease bacteriuria and pyuria in the immediate postoperative period; however, no difference was observed in symptomatic urinary tract infection or postoperative complications. Clinical Trial Registration Number NCT02593903

Parasitic Cape honeybee workers, Apis mellifera capensis, evade policing

Relocation of the Cape honeybee, Apis mellifera capensis, by bee-keepers from southern to northern South Africa in 1990 has caused widespread death of managed African honeybee, A. m. scutellata, colonies. Apis mellifera capensis worker bees are able to lay diploid, female eggs without mating by means of automictic thelytoky (meiosis followed by fusion of two meiotic products to restore egg diploidy), whereas workers of other honeybee subspecies are able to lay only haploid, male eggs. The A. m. capensis workers, which are parasitizing and killing A. m. scutellata colonies in northern South Africa, are the asexual offspring of a single, original worker in which the small amount of genetic variation observed is due to crossing over during meiosis (P. Kryger, personal communication). Here we elucidate two principal mechanisms underlying this parasitism. Parasitic A. m. capensis workers activate their ovaries in host colonies that have a queen present (queenright colonies), and they lay eggs that evade being killed by other workers (worker policing)—the normal fate of worker-laid eggs in colonies with a queen. This unique parasitism by workers is an instance in which a society is unable to control the selfish actions of its members

Particle-unstable nuclei in the Hartree-Fock theory

Ground state energies and decay widths of particle unstable nuclei are calculated within the Hartree-Fock approximation by performing a complex scaling of the many-body Hamiltonian. Through this transformation, the wave functions of the resonant states become square integrable. The method is implemented with Skyrme effective interactions. Several Skyrme parametrizations are tested on four unstable nuclei: 10He, 12O, 26O and 28O.Comment: 5 pages, LaTeX, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Breakup Reactions of 11Li within a Three-Body Model

We use a three-body model to investigate breakup reactions of 11Li (n+n+9Li) on a light target. The interaction parameters are constrained by known properties of the two-body subsystems, the 11Li binding energy and fragmentation data. The remaining degrees of freedom are discussed. The projectile-target interactions are described by phenomenological optical potentials. The model predicts dependence on beam energy and target, differences between longitudinal and transverse momentum distributions and provides absolute values for all computed differential cross sections. We give an almost complete series of observables and compare with corresponding measurements. Remarkably good agreement is obtained. The relative neutron-9Li p-wave content is about 40%. A p-resonance, consistent with measurements at about 0.5 MeV of width about 0.4 MeV, seems to be necessary. The widths of the momentum distributions are insensitive to target and beam energy with a tendency to increase towards lower energies. The transverse momentum distributions are broader than the longitudinal due to the diffraction process. The absolute values of the cross sections follow the neutron-target cross sections and increase strongly for beam energies decreasing below 100 MeV/u.Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures, RevTeX, psfig.st

Single-Proton Removal Reaction Study of 16B

The low-lying level structure of the unbound system $^{16}$B has been investigated via single-proton removal from a 35 MeV/nucleon $^{17}$C beam. The coincident detection of the beam velocity $^{15}$B fragment and neutron allowed the relative energy of the in-flight decay of $^{16}$B to be reconstructed. The resulting spectrum exhibited a narrow peak some 85 keV above threshold. It is argued that this feature corresponds to a very narrow ($\Gamma \ll$100 keV) resonance, or an unresolved multiplet, with a dominant $\pi (p_{3/2})^{-1} \otimes \nu (d_{5/2}^3)_{J=3/2^+}$ + $\pi (p_{3/2})^{-1} \otimes \nu (d_{5/2}^2,s_{1/2})_{J=3/2^+}$ configuration which decays by d-wave neutron emission.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, submitted to Phys. Lett.