Coronary effect of fibrates on proteins and enzymes which hydrolyze triacylglycerols

Clofibric acid derivatives called fibrates, are quite commonly used lipid-lowering drugs, so it is necessary to know beneficial and adverse effects of these compounds on the body. The European Medicines Agencyís Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) has concluded that benefits of four fibrates such as: bezafibrate, ciprofibrate, fenofibrate and gemfibrozil continue outweigh their risk in treatment of people with blood lipid disorders. According to recommendations of the CHMP fibrates should not be used as first-line drugs, except in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia and patients who cannot use statins. In this paper, we focused on effect of clofibric acid derivatives on lipid metabolism, in particular on apo proteins and regulatory enzymes

Activity of paraoxonase 1 and lipid profile in rats fed cornelian cherry or chokeberry in different types of diet

The study investigates effects of addition of cornelian cherry fruits or chokeberry juice on: activity of paraoxonase 1, lipid profile as well as essential elements in 3 types of diet: control, fructose, high-fat in Wistar rats. For 5 weeks 9 groups of male rats were fed control, fructose, high-fat diets as well control, fructose and high-fat diets enriched with cornelian cherry fruits or chokeberry juice: Activity of paraoxonase 1 was marked both in plasma and liver. Lipid parameters, calcium and magnesium were determined in plasma.Chokeberry juice better than cornelian cherry influenced on activity of paraoxonase 1 and lipid profile in conjunction with different type of diet. Protective effect of antioxidant products such an cornelian cherry or chokeberry depends on type of diet in which is used

Bis(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine)oxidovanadium(IV) sulfate dehydrate : potential candidate for controlling lipid metabolism?

Vanadium is a trace element mainly connected with regulation of insulin metabolism which is particularly important in diabetes. In recent years, organic complexes of vanadium seem to be more interesting than inorganic salts. Nevertheless, the effect of vanadium on lipid metabolism is still a problematic issue; therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 3 organic complexes of vanadium such as sodium (2,2′-bipyridine)oxidobisperoxovanadate(V) octahydrate, bis(2,2′-bipyridine)oxidovanadium(IV) sulfate dehydrate, and bis(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine)oxidovanadium(IV) sulfate dihydrate in conjunction with high-fat as well as control diet in nondiabetes model on the following lipid parameters: total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein as well as activity of paraoxonase 1. All of these parameters were determined in plasma of Wistar rats. The most significant effect was observed in case of bis(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′ bipyridine)oxidovanadium(IV) sulfate dehydrate in rats fed with high-fat diet. Based on our research, bis(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine)oxidovanadium(IV) sulfate dihydrate should be the aim of further research and perhaps it will be an important factor in the regulation of lipid metabolism

The neuroprotective effect of Cornus mas on brain tissue of Wistar rats

Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas) is a valuable source of phenolic antioxidants. Flavonoid derivatives as nonenzymatic antioxidants are important in the pathophysiology of many diseases including neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease) or heart disease. In this study, we examined the effect of an addition of freeze-dried fruit of cornelian cherry on three types of diets: control diet, fructose diet, and diet enriched in fats (high-fat diet). This effect was studied by determining the following antioxidant parameters in both brain tissue and plasma in rats: catalase, ferric reducing ability of plasma, paraoxonase, protein carbonyl groups, and free thiol groups. Results indicate that both fructose diet and high-fat diet affect the antioxidant capacity of the organism. Furthermore, an addition of cornelian cherry resulted in increased activity of catalase in brain tissue, while in plasma it caused the opposite effect. In turn, with regard to paraoxonase activity in both brain tissue and plasma, it had a stimulating effect. Adding cornelian cherry to the tested diets increased the activity of PON in both tested tissues. Moreover, protective effect of fruits of this plant was observed in the process of oxidation of proteins by decreasing levels of protein carbonyl groups and thiol groups in brain tissue as well as in plasma

Determination of essential minerals and trace elements in edible sprouts from different botanical families—application of chemometric analysis

Background: elemental deficiency may result in the malfunctioning of human organisms. Sprouts, with their attractive looks and well-established popularity, may be considered as alternative sources of elements in the diet. Moreover, the uptake of micro- and macronutrients from sprouts is better when compared to other vegetable sources. The aim of the study was to determine and compare the level of the selected essential minerals and trace elements in 25 sprouts from different botanical families, to preselect the richest species of high importance for human diets. Methods: the Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Mg, Ca determinations were performed using atomic absorption spectrometry with flame atomization and iodine by the colorimetric method. Results: beetroot sprouts had the highest levels of Zn, Fe, and Mg, while onion sprouts were the richest in Mn and Ca, among all of the tested sprouts. Sprouts of the Brassicaceae family were generally richer in Ca, Mg, and Zn than sprouts from the Fabaceae family. Results allow preselection of the most perspective sprouts as possible dietary sources of essential minerals and trace elements. For rucola, leeks, onions, and beetroot sprouts, the data on minerals and trace element compositions were performed for the first time.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effect of long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy on complete blood count parameters and selected trace elements : a pilot study

Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed for several gastrointestinal conditions, often as long-term therapy. The effects of long-term PPI use have not been fully elucidated. Objectives: We aimed to determine the association between long-term PPI use and complete blood count parameters, particularly red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, and hemoglobin concentrations, as well as serum levels of selected micronutrients such as selenium (Se), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). Patients and methods: We enrolled 37 patients on long-term PPI therapy (mean [SD] age, 57.1 [15.4] years) and 30 healthy controls (mean [SD] age, 39.3 [11.8] years). In each group, complete blood count, and serum Fe levels were performed, and serum Cu, Zn, and Se levels were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: Red blood cell and WBC counts were lower in the PPI group compared with controls (mean [SD], 4.24 [0.55]×106/μl vs 4.7 [0.4]×106/μl; P <0.001 and 6.13 [1.44]×103/μl vs 7.3 [1.28]×103/μl; P <0.001, respectively). Hemoglobin and serum Fe concentrations were also lower in the PPI group (mean [SD], 12.5 [1.8] g/dl vs 14.3 [0.8] g/dl; P <0.001 and 16.3 [5.4] μmol/l vs 23.4 [2.7] μmol/l; P <0.001, respectively). Serum Zn and Cu concentrations were higher in PPI users than in controls. Conclusions: Long-term PPI therapy may reduce RBC and WBC counts as well as hemoglobin levels, leading to iron deficiency. It may also affect concentrations of some micronutrients, although the underlying mechanism of this association is not fully clear