Positron Emission Tomography 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake and Prognosis in Patients with Surgically Treated, Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review

Background18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake holds potential as a noninvasive biomarker in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to investigate the association between tumor FDG uptake and survival in patients with surgically resected, stage I NSCLC.MethodsWe used systematic methods to identify studies for inclusion, assess methodological quality, and abstract relevant data about study design and results.ResultsOur literature search identified 1578 citations, of which nine retrospective, cross-sectional studies met eligibility criteria. In all studies, higher degrees of FDG uptake in the primary tumor were associated with worse overall or disease free survival after 2 to 5 years of follow-up, but these differences were statistically significant in only five studies. Across studies, the median overall or disease free survival was 70% for patients with higher FDG uptake compared with 88% for patients with lower FDG uptake. In three studies that performed multivariable analysis, the adjusted hazard of death or recurrence was 1.9 to 8.6 times greater in patients with higher FDG uptake.ConclusionCurrent evidence suggests that increasing tumor FDG uptake is associated with worse survival in patients with stage I NSCLC. FDG uptake has the potential to be used as a biomarker for identifying stage I patients who are at increased risk of death or recurrence and therefore could identify candidates for participation in future trials of adjuvant therapy

ПОЖИВНЕ СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ ДЛЯ ПІДРАХУНКУ КІЛЬКОСТІ ЖИТТЄЗДАТНИХ КЛІТИН БІФІДОБАКТЕРІЙ У ПРОДУКТАХ ХАРЧУВАННЯ ТА ПРЕПАРАТАХ ПРОБІОТИЧНОГО ПРИЗНАЧЕННЯ

In this experimental work we explored the possibility of using soybean–lactase semi liquid medium with different contents of soybean whey  to count the number viable cells of bifidobacteria. According to the research, we were selected samples lactose medium with the addition of 3 – 5 %. It was recommended to use for control the amount for viable bifidobacteria in food  and for control the biologically active supplements used in medicine for the prevention and correction of dysbacteriosis.  В данной экспериментальной работе исследована возможность использования соево–лактозной полужидкой среды с различным содержанием соевой сыворотки для подсчета количества жизнеспособных клеток бифидобактерий. По результатам исследований были отобраны образцы лактозной среды с добавлением от 3 – 5 % соевой сыворотки, которые можно рекомендовать использовать как для контроля количества жизнеспособных бифидобактерий в продуктах питания, так для контроля биологически активных препаратов, используемых в медицине для коррекции и профилактики дисбактериозов.В даній експериментальній роботі досліджено можливість використання соєво–лактозного напіврідкого середовища з різним вмістом соєвої сироватки для підрахунку кількості життєздатних клітин біфідобактерій. За результатами досліджень були відібрані зразки лактозного середовища з додаванням від 3 – 5 % соєвої сироватки, які можна рекомендувати для контролю кількості клітин біфідобактерій відповідно у продуктах та біологічно–активних препаратах пробіотичного призначення, що використовуються в медицині для корекції та профілактики дисбактеріозів. &nbsp

ПОЖИВНЕ СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ ДЛЯ КУЛЬТИВУВАННЯ БАКТЕРІЙ РОДУ BIFIDOBACTERIUM НА ОСНОВІ РОСЛИННОЇ СИРОВИНИ

In this paper we were studied the effect of different mass fraction of soy whey as a part of the culture medium for the development and accumulation of the biological active of the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium longum. Microbiological studies revealed that 3% of the mass fraction of soybean whey in lactose medium, most effective for culturing and accumulation biomass  of bacteria species Bifidobacterium longum for use in the food industry.It is also recommended to use lactose medium supplemented with 4% and 5% of the soya whey for culturing the test strain to produce biologically active drugs used in medicine for the prevention and correction of dysbacteriosis  В данной работе изучено влияние массовой доли соевой ,сыворотк  в составе питательной среды на развитие и изменение биологической активности пробиотических бактерий рода Bifidobacterium Проведенные микробиологические исследования позволили установить, что 3% соевой сыворотки в лактозной среде являеется эффективным для культивирования и накопления биомассы бифидобактерий с целью использования в пищевой промышленности. Также рекомендовано, использование лактозной среды с добавлением 4 – 5 % массовой доли соевой сыворотки для культивирования исследуемых микроорганизмов с целью получения биологически активных препаратов, используемых в медицине для коррекции и профилактики дисбактериозов.У даній роботі вивчено вплив різної масової частки соєвої сироватки у складі живильного середовища на розвиток та зміну біологічної активності пробіотичних бактерій роду Bifidobacterium. Проведені мікробіологічні дослідження дозволили встановити, що 3% соєвої сироватки у лактозному середовищі ефективно відображається на культивуванні та накопиченні біомаси бактерій роду Bifidobacterium з метою використання в харчовій промисловості. Також рекомендовано використання лактозного середовища з додаванням 4 – 5 % соєвої сироватки для культивування досліджуваного штаму з метою отримання біологічно активних препаратів, що використовуються в медицині для корекції та профілактики дисбактеріозів. &nbsp

ACTIVITY OF AMINOLEVULINATE SYNTHASE OF BONE MARROW AND LIVER OF NEWBORN AUGUST AND WISTAR RATS AFTER ACUTE POSTNATAL HYPOXIA

Newborn Wistar and August rats (20 rats in each experimental group) were exposed to acute postnatal hypoxic hypoxia (by the mixture of 95% nitrogen and 5% oxygen). Determination of activity of aminolevulinate synthase (ALA-synthase) in bone marrow and liver were in control group, and on the 1st and 3rd days of life (in liver - only on the 3rd day). Infant rats of various lines differed by the response of an organism to hypoxic exposure that confirms its genetic predetermination. Activities of ALA-synthase in bone marrow and liver were reciprocal both in normal development and after hypoxia.

Analytical Solution of Two-Dimensional Scarf II Model by Means of SUSY Methods

New two-dimensional quantum model - the generalization of the Scarf II - is completely solved analytically for the integer values of parameter. This model being not amenable to conventional procedure of separation of variables is solved by recently proposed method of supersymmetrical separation. The latter is based on two constituents of SUSY Quantum Mechanics: the intertwining relations with second order supercharges and the property of shape invariance. As a result, all energies of bound states were found, and the analytical expressions for corresponding wave functions were obtained.Comment: 18 pages; two misprints were improve

Supersymmetrical Separation of Variables for Scarf II Model: Partial Solvability

Recently, a new quantum model - two-dimensional generalization of the Scarf II - was completely solved analytically by SUSY method for the integer values of parameter. Now, the same integrable model, but with arbitrary values of parameter, will be studied by means of supersymmetrical intertwining relations. The Hamiltonian does not allow the conventional separation of variables, but the supercharge operator does allow, leading to the partial solvability of the model. This approach, which can be called as the first variant of SUSY-separation, together with shape invariance of the model, provides analytical calculation of the part of spectrum and corresponding wave functions (quasi-exact-solvability). The model is shown to obey two different variants of shape invariance which can be combined effectively in construction of energy levels and wave functions.Comment: 6 p.p., accepted for publication in EP

Clinical significance in the number of involved lymph nodes in patients that underwent surgery for pathological stage III-N2 non-small cell lung cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Purpose</p> <p>This study investigated whether the number of involved lymph nodes is associated with the prognosis in patients that underwent surgery for pathological stage (p-stage) III/N2 NSCLC.</p> <p>Subjects</p> <p>This study evaluated 121 patients with p-stage III/N2 NSCLC.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The histological types included 65 adenocarcinomas, 39 squamous cell carcinomas and 17 others. The average number of dissected lymph nodes was 23.8 (range: 6-55). The average number of involved lymph nodes was 5.9 (range: 1-23). The 5-year survival rate of the patients was 51.0% for single lymph node positive, 58.9% for 2 lymph nodes positive, 34.2% for 3 lymph nodes positive, and 30.0% for 4 lymph nodes positive, and 20.4% for more than 5 lymph nodes positive. The patients with either single or 2 lymph nodes positive had a significantly more favorable prognosis than the patients with more than 5 lymph nodes positive. A multivariate analysis revealed that the number of involved lymph nodes was a significant independent prognostic factor.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Surgery appears to be preferable as a one arm of multimodality therapy in p-stage III/N2 patients with single or 2 involved lymph nodes. The optimal incorporation of surgery into the multimodality approach therefore requires further clinical investigation.</p

Blood vessels as targets in tumor therapy

The landmark papers published by Judah Folkman in the early 1970s on tumor angiogenesis and therapeutic implications promoted the rapid development of a very dynamic field where basic scientists, oncologists, and pharmaceutical industry joined forces to determine the molecular mechanisms in blood vessel formation and find means to exploit this knowledge in suppressing tumor vascularization and growth. A wealth of information has been collected on angiogenic growth factors, and in 2004 the first specific blood vessel-targeted cancer therapy was introduced: a neutralizing antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Now (2011) we know that suppression of tumor angiogenesis may be a double-edged sword and that the therapy needs to be further refined and individualized. This review describes the hallmarks of tumor vessels, how different angiogenic growth factors exert their function, and the perspectives for future development of anti-angiogenic therapy