126 research outputs found
Microclimate conditions inside vecihle during road transportation of the animals-Report of the EU scientific committee in animal health and animal welfare
U radu se detaljno opisuju uvjeti mikroklime u vozilu tijekom cestovnog prijevoza životinja prema izvjeÅ”Äu znanstvenog odbora EU za zdravstvenu zaÅ”titu i dobrobit životinja. Opisani su uvjeti temperature zraka, relativne vlage zraka, brzine strujanja, koliÄina Å”tetnih plinova te njihove graniÄne vrijednosti za pojedine vrste životinja. TakoÄer su opisani ventilacijski sustavi te preporuke za ubuduÄe, u svrhu osiguravanja uvjeta koji Äe biti u skladu sa dobrobiti životinja.This paper in detail describes microclimate conditions inside vehicle during road transportation of the animals according to the report of the EU scientific committee in animal health and animal welfare. Conditions of the air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, amount of harm gases and their limiting values for individual animal species were described. Also were described ventilation systems and recommendations for the future, in purpose of providing conditions which will be in accordance with animal welfare
Welfare of animals in transport - according to the OIE and EU recommendations
U radu se govori o dobrobiti životinja tijekom prijevoza prema preporukama OIE i EU. Opisani su Äimbenici koji utjeÄu na koliÄinu stresa i zdravstveno stanje životinja tijekom prijevoza, te izravno mijenjaju dobrobit životinja. To su: naÄini postupanja sa životinjama tijekom utovara, putovanja i istovara, obuÄenost ljudi, plan putovanja, naÄin prethodnog držanja životinja, genetika.This paper discusses the animal welfare during transport according to the OIE and EU recommendations. Factors, which influence the amount of stress and animal health status during transportation, and directly change the animal welfare, are described. These are: procedure with animals during loading, travelling and unloading, people training, journey planning, previous animal housing and genetics
Welfare of animals in the slaughterhouses-review of foreign legislative
U Hrvatskoj je u postupku izrada novog Zakona o dobrobiti životinja u kojem Äe detaljnije biti obraÄena sva podruÄja pa tako i problematika klanja životinja za ljudsku prehranu i postupaka koji prethode klanju. U radu su prikazani zakonski propisi EU i OIE o postupcima prihvata i smjeÅ”taja životinja u klaonicama te o metodama obuzdavanja, omamljivanja i klanja životinja kroz prizmu njihove dobrobiti.In Croatia, a new Statute on animal welfare is in the course of preparing and it will elaborate in detail all areas and issues of slaughter of animals for human consumption and procedures that anticipate slaughter. This paper presents the regulations of the EU and OIE relative to the procedures of reception and accommodation of animals in slaughterhouses and methods of restraining, stunning and slaughter of animals through the prism of their welfare
Welfare and accommodation hygiene at intensive rabbits breeding
U radu se opisuje znaÄenje higijene smjeÅ”taja na dobrobit kuniÄa. Naime, kuniÄi se ubrajaju u životinje koje su posebno osjetljive na Äimbenike iz okoliÅ”a. To je stoga jer su na te organizme postavljeni veÄi zahtjevi vezani na produkciju, odnosno reprodukciju, Äime je na izvjestan naÄin smanjena prirodna otpornost, a poveÄana osjetljivost na okoliÅ”ne Äimbenike, koji mogu direktno odnosno indirektno djelovati na njih. Stoga je nužno osigurati kvalitetan smjeÅ”taj, dobre mikroklimatske prilike te stalni nadzor i veterinarsku skrb kada je potrebno.This paper described meaning of accommodation hygiene on rabbitās welfare. As known, rabbits are animals especially sensitive to factors from environment, because great demands are put on the rabbit production and reproduction. This fact can cause reduced natural resistance and increased susceptibility to the environmental factors, which could directly or indirectly have effect on them. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure quality accommodation, good microclimate conditions and medical care, when needed
Importance of cleaning and disinfection in poultry farming
U radu se opisuje nužnost provoÄenja mjera ÄiÅ”Äenja i dezinfekcije u peradarstvu s ciljem sprjeÄavanja izbijanja bolesti i posljediÄno nastanka velikih Å”teta te Å”irenja uzroÄnika u okoliÅ”. TakoÄer opisuju se metode ÄiÅ”Äenja kao i najÄeÅ”Äe vrste dezinficijensa u peradarstvu, naÄin njihova djelovanja, fizikalne karakteristike i podruÄja primjene.This paper describe importance of cleaning and disinfection in poultry farming with aim to prevent disease outbreak, consequently great damages and infectious agents spreading into the environment. Also methods of cleaning are describe as well as the most often disinfectant in poultry farming, their function, physical characteristics and application spots
Accommodation and welfare of farm animals, and conditions farms must comply with according to new regulations
Farma se može definirati kao ekoloÅ”ka niÅ”a gdje životinje borave, ili gdje se uzgajaju i drže. Farma treba životinjama pružiti optimalne uvjete gdje Äe doÄi do izražaja njihovi maksimalni proizvodni potencijali. Dobar smjeÅ”taj životinja na farmi podrazumijeva poÅ”tivanje svih higijenskih i zootehniÄkih normativa koji ukljuÄuju graÄevinsko tehniÄka i tehnoloÅ”ka rjeÅ”enja, tehnologiju smjeÅ”taja i držanja, opremu i mehanizaciju, naÄin hranjenja i napajanja, sisteme uklanjanja otpadne fekalne tvari i dr.
S obzirom na približavanje naÅ”e zemlje EU veÄ sada se nastoje prilagoditi pojedini pravilnici njihovim zahtjevima, pa je tako i najnoviji Pravilnik o uvjetima kojima moraju udovoljavati farme i uvjetima za zaÅ”titu životinja na farmama (N.N. 136/05) napisan u tom duhu. Pravilnikom se definiraju obveze posjednika životinja i obveze ovlaÅ”tenog veterinara na farmi. Na suvremenim zoohigijenskim i tehnoloÅ”kim osnovama napisani su opÄi uvjeti izgradnje i ureÄenja objekata, zaÅ”tita životinja na farmama ā opÄi i posebni uvjeti. Detaljno su razraÄeni opÄi uvjeti za zaÅ”titu teladi u uzgoju, za sve kategorije svinja i minimalni uvjeti za zaÅ”titu kokoÅ”i nesilica.
Posebno Zakon o dobrobiti životinja (N.N. 19/99) brine o njihovoj zaŔtiti u gospodarskom uzgoju gdje su navedene sve obveze posjednika životinja glede smjeŔtajnih uvjeta, hranidbe i napajanja.A farm could be defined as an ecological niche where animals live, are raised and kept. A form should accomplish optimal conditions for animals so they will be able to express their production potential. Good animal accommodation at the farm implies respecting all hygienic and zootechnical standards which include construction, technical and technological solutions, technology of accommodation and keeping, equipment and mechanisation, way of feeding and watering, systems of faeces removal etc.
Considering our approach to the EU we are already trying to adjust some regulations to their demands. So, the latest Regulations on required conditions for protection of animals on farms (NN 136/05) is written in that spirit. The Regulations define obligations of the authorized veterinarian on farms. General conditions for building and equipping houses and the protection of farm animals are based on modern zoohygiene and technology. General conditions for protection of calves, all pig categories and minimum conditions for laying hens protection in detail are elaborated.
They welfare law (NN 19/99) provides for animal protection farms are listing all obligations of animal owner regarding accommodation, feeding and watering
Ifluence of alternative layer hens housing ssystems on eggs quality
U radu se opisuju razliÄiti naÄini držanja nesilica u Äetiri Europske zemlje te Hrvatski propisi o toj problematici. Teži se tome da intenzivni uzgoji budu Å”to sliÄniji prirodnim naÄinima držanja nesilica s ciljem zadovoljenja svih njihovih potreba. Na taj naÄin Å”titi se dobrobit životinja, a produktivnost i kvaliteta jaja ostaju visoki. Vrijeme Äe pokazati koji je od ponuÄenih alternativnih naÄina najbolji, a da se usklade potrebe peradi, proizvoÄaÄa, industrije i okoliÅ”a.This paper describes alternative layer hen housing in four European countries and Croatian legislative considering that issues. The aim is that intensive housing be as similar to natural layer hen housing with contentment of all their needs. On that way the welfare is protected and productivity remain high. The time will show which of offered alternative ways is better, with aim to adjust the needs of the hen, the producer, the industry and the environment
Utjecaj mikroklime na brojnost gljivica u zraku staje za muzne krave i njihovo Ŕirenje u neposredan okoliŔ
The aim of the study was to determine fungi count in a dairy barn and its immediate environment and to help establish borderline values in line with EU recommendations on airborne emissions from animal housing. A Merck MAS-100 air sampler was employed with respective nutrient agar for the capture, incubation and counting of airborne fungi. Air temperature, relative humidity and air velocity were simultaneously determined by a Testo 400 device. Air sampling was done once a week in the morning (at 7:30), in the middle of the day (at 12:30) and in the evening (at 18:30), during two autumn months. Within the barn, measurements were performed in the animal housing area along the feedlot and outside the barn at a distance of 5 m, 25 m and 50 m, downwind and upwind from the barn. The mean values of total airborne fungi count in the barn air were 5.85Ć104 /m3 in the morning, 5.52Ć104 CFU/m3 at noon, and 6.01Ć104 CFU/m3 in the evening. The fungi count
showed a statistically significant decrease as close as 5 m to the barn (P<0.05). The microclimate parameters measured in the barn were within the standard values for dairy barn indoor atmospheres.Svrha ovoga istraživanja bila je odrediti brojnost gljivica u zraku staje za muzne krave i njezinom neposrednom okoliÅ”u da bi se mogle postaviti graniÄne vrijednosti sukladno s preporukom struÄnjaka EU o zraÄnim oneÄiÅ”Äenjima iz životinjskih nastambi. Uzorci zraka u kojem je odreÄivan broj gljivica bili su uzimani ureÄajem MERCK MAS-100 (MERCK KgaA, Darmstadt) na gotove podloge hranjivoga agara. U isto vrijeme mjerena je temperatura, relativna vlaga i brzina strujanja zraka pomoÄu ureÄaja TESTO 400. Mjerenja su obavljana u jutro (7:30), u podne (12:30) i na veÄer (18:30) jedanput tjedno tijekom dva jesenska mjeseca. U staji su mjerenja obavljana u zoni boravka životinja duž hranidbenoga hodnika, a izvan staje na udaljenostima od 5 m, 25 m i 50 m istoÄno i zapadno od staje. Izmjerene srednje vrijednosti ukupnog broja gljivica u staji iznosile su 5,85Ć104 CFU/m3 u jutarnjem terminu, 5.52ĆS104 CFU/m3 u podnevnom mjerenju te 6.01Ć104 CFU/m3 u veÄernjem terminu mjerenja. Izvan staje brojnost gljivica znaÄajno se smanjivala veÄ na 5 metara udaljenosti od staje, na obje strane svijeta, Å”to je dokazano Wilcoxonovim testom ekvivalentnih parova na razini statistiÄke znaÄajnosti P<0,05. Izmjereni mikroklimatski pokazatelji u staji bili su unutar standardnih vrijednosti
Influence of broilers age on airborne pollutants content in poultry house
Intenzivnu peradarsku proizvodnju izmeÄu ostalog, karakterizira i znatno oneÄiÅ”Äenje zraka mikroorganizmima, praÅ”inom, endotoksinima i raznim plinovima. InaÄe su nastambe za tovnu perad poznate kao nastambe koje imaju najviÅ”u koncentraciju bioaerosola u zraku, Å”to je naroÄito izraženo u zadnjem tjednu tova. Prisutna oneÄiÅ”Äenja zraka mogu utjecati na zdravlje životinja infekcijski, imunosupresivno, alergijski i toksiÄno.
U radu je istražen stupanj oneÄiÅ”Äenja atmosferskog zraka mikro-organizmima i Å”tetnim plinovima tijekom intenzivnog tova piliÄa. PiliÄi su držani na dubokoj stelji debljine 15 cm, a gustoÄa naseljenosti bila je 20 piliÄa na m2.
Istraživanje je pokazalo porast broja mikroorganizama u zraku peradnjaka usporedo s dobi peradi (3,22 x 103 cfu/m3 zraka do 6,40 x 107 cfu/m3 zraka). Od plinovitih zraÄnih oneÄiÅ”Äenja vrijednosti za amonijak od poÄetnih 0 ppm, u petom tjednu porasle su na 14,8 ppm. Vrijednosti za ugljiÄni dioksid bile su od 0,10 vol% na poÄetku tova do 0,19 vol% na kraju tova.Intensive poultry breeding is, among others, characterized by considerable air contamination with microorganisms, dust, endotoxins and various gases, which can exert infectious, immunosuppressive, allergic and toxic effects on human and animal health. Houses for broilers have the highest concentration of microorganisms in the air, which is specially expressed in the last week of fattening.
In the present study, the level of atmospheric contamination with microorganisms and noxious gases was assessed during intensive chicken breeding. The chickens were kept in deep, 15-cm litter, at a population density of 20 chicken/m2.
Study results showed that number of microorganisms increased with the age of poultry (3.22 x 103 cfu/m3 do 6.40 x 107 cfu/m3 air). Considering gas air pollutants values for ammonia from initial 0 ppm, in the fifth week rose to 14.8 ppm. Values for carbon dioxide were from 0,10 vol % at the beginning of fattening to 0,19 vol % at the end
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