827 research outputs found
Unresectable Primary Tracheal Synovial Sarcoma
Synovial sarcoma (SS) comprises less than 1% of head and neck cancers, and less than five cases of adult primary tracheal SS have been described. This case describes a patient encountered at a community-based academic hospital, and retrospective chart review was performed for data collection. A woman in her forties presented with shortness of breath due to a superior mediastinal mass found to be an unresectable primary tracheal SS. Primary treatment resorted to curative-intent radiation therapy. Subsequent metastasis required systemic chemotherapy with pazopanib. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of this nature and adds to understanding the presentation, diagnosis, natural history, and treatment outcomes of primary tracheal SS. This case was exempt from review by the institutional review board and complied with privacy policy standards
Psychosis-Induced Exertional Rhabdomyolysis without Acute Kidney Injury or Myoglobinuria.
BACKGROUND Rhabdomyolysis is a clinical syndrome that results from skeletal muscle breakdown and the release of intracellular enzymes into systemic circulation [1,2]. We present a case of non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis with transaminitis, without myoglobinuria or acute kidney injury. Cases reports of rhabdomyolysis with elevation of serum creatine kinase (hyperCKemia) in the absence of myoglobinuria or renal failure are limited in the literature.
CASE REPORT A 21-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department following an acute psychotic episode. One week earlier, his bloodwork had been within normal limits. Biochemical investigations on admission revealed hyperCKemia (590 000 U/L), transaminitis (AST, 628; ALT, 160), and normal creatinine (0.83), without myoglobinuria. Non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis was suspected, and the patient was treated with aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation and transferred to Inpatient Psychiatry on day 10 of hospitalization. The complete metabolic panel was trended daily, without indication of kidney injury. The creatine kinase (CK) and liver function tests trended downward.
CONCLUSIONS This report presents a rare case of exertional rhabdomyolysis with CK levels nearly 3000 times the upper limit of normal, without myoglobinuria or acute kidney injury. Acute kidney injury is a dangerous complication of rhabdomyolysis. Traditionally, clinicians use serum CK levels to predict the likelihood of acute kidney injury and/or renal failure in rhabdomyolysis. Ultimately, this patient was diagnosed with exertional rhabdomyolysis with hyperCKemia and transaminitis without myoglobinuria or acute kidney injury. More research is needed to elucidate the protective patient characteristics against rhabdomyolysis-associated acute kidney injury, associations between CK and myoglobinuria, and diagnostic criteria for psychosis-associated hyperCKemia
Interaction between vortices in models with two order parameters
The interaction energy and force between widely separated strings is analyzed
in a field theory having applications to superconducting cosmic strings, the
SO(5) model of high-temperature superconductivity, and solitons in nonlinear
optics. The field theory has two order parameters, one of which is broken in
the vacuum (giving rise to strings), the other of which is unbroken in the
vacuum but which could nonetheless be broken in the core of the string. If this
does occur, there is an effect on the energetics of widely separated strings.
This effect is important if the length scale of this second order parameter is
longer than that of the other fields in the problem.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures. Minor changes in the text. Accepted for
publication in Phys. Rev.
Vortex structure in chiral p-wave superconductors
We investigate the vortex structure in chiral p-wave superconductors by the
Bogoliubov-de Gennes theory on a tight-binding model. We calculate the spatial
structure of the pair potential and electronic state around a vortex, including
the anisotropy of the Fermi surface and superconducting gap structure. The
differences of the vortex structure between -wave
and -wave superconductors are clarified in the
vortex lattice state. We also discuss the winding case of the
-wave superconductivity.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Next-to-Leading-Order QCD corrections to J/\psi(\Upsilon)+\gamma production at the LHC
In this work, we calculate the next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD corrections to
the process via the color-singlet mechanism at the
LHC. The results show that the partial cross section (3GeV and
3) is enhanced by a factor of about 2.0, and the
differential cross section can be enhanced by two orders of magnitude in the
large transverse momentum region of . Furthermore, the polarization of
changes from transverse polarization at leading-order to longitudinal
polarization at NLO. For the inclusive hadroproduction, it is known
that the color-octet contributions are one order of magnitude larger than the
color-singlet contribution, and the polarization distribution is dominated by
the color-octet behavior at NLO. In contrast, for production
the color-singlet contribution is of the same order as the color-octet
contribution, and the polarization distribution arises from both the
color-singlet and color-octet. Therefore, measurements of production
associated with a direct photon at the hadron collider could be an important
supplement to testify the theoretical framework treating with the heavy
quarkonium. In addition, an NLO QCD correction to production
at the LHC is also presented in this paper.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl
Could Seals Prevent Cod Recovery in the Baltic Sea?
Fish populations are increasingly affected by multiple human and natural impacts including exploitation, eutrophication, habitat alteration and climate change. As a result many collapsed populations may have to recover in ecosystems whose structure and functioning differ from those in which they were formerly productive and supported sustainable fisheries. Here we investigate how a cod (Gadus morhua) population in the Baltic Sea whose biomass was reduced due to a combination of high exploitation and deteriorating environmental conditions might recover and develop in the 21st century in an ecosystem that likely will change due to both the already started recovery of a cod predator, the grey seal Halichoerus grypus, and projected climate impacts. Simulation modelling, assuming increased seal predation, fishing levels consistent with management plan targets and stable salinity, shows that the cod population could reach high levels well above the long-term average. Scenarios with similar seal and fishing levels but with 15% lower salinity suggest that the Baltic will still be able to support a cod population which can sustain a fishery, but biomass and yields will be lower. At present knowledge of cod and seal interactions, seal predation was found to have much lower impact on cod recovery, compared to the effects of exploitation and salinity. These results suggest that dual management objectives (recovery of both seal and cod populations) are realistic but success in achieving these goals will also depend on how climate change affects cod recruitment
Phase-Sensitive Impurity Effects in Vortex Core of Moderately Clean Chiral Superconductors
We study impurity effects in vortex core of two-dimensional moderately clean
su perconductors within the quasiclassical theory. The impurity scattering rate
\G amma(E) of the Andreev bound states in vortex core with +1 vorticity of
p-wav e superconductors with {\mib d}=\hat{\mib z}(p_x+\iu p_y) is suppre
ssed, compared to the normal state scattering rate in the
energ y region \Gamma_{\rm n}^3/E_\delta^2\ll E\ll E_\delta\equiv
|\delta_0|\Delta_\i nfty with scattering phase shift
and the pair-po tential in bulk . Further we
find that for p-wave superconductors with {\mib
d}=\hat{\mib z}(p_x-\iu p_y) is at most {\cal O}(E/\Delta_\i nfty). These
results are in marked contrast to the even-parity case (s,d-wave), where
is known to be proportional to \ln(\Delta_\i
nfty/E) . Parity- and chirality-dependences of impurity effects are attributed
to the Andr eev reflections involved in the impurity-induced scattering between
bound states . Implications for the flux flow conductivity is also discussed.
Novel enhanceme nt of flux flow conductivity is expected to occur at for {\mib d}=\hat{\mib z}(p_x+\iu p_y) and at
for {\mib d}=\hat{\mib z}(p_x-\iu p_y).Comment: 9 pages, No figures, To appear in JPSJ Vol. 69, No. 10 (2000
Free flux flow resistivity in strongly overdoped high-T_c cuprate; purely viscous motion of the vortices in semiclassical d-wave superconductor
We report the free flux flow (FFF) resistivity associated with a purely
viscous motion of the vortices in moderately clean d-wave superconductor
Bi:2201 in the strongly overdoped regime (T_c=16K) for a wide range of the
magnetic field in the vortex state. The FFF resistivity is obtained by
measuring the microwave surface impedance at different microwave frequencies.
It is found that the FFF resistivity is remarkably different from that of
conventional s-wave superconductors. At low fields (H<0.2H_c2) the FFF
resistivity increases linearly with H with a coefficient which is far larger
than that found in conventional s-wave superconductors. At higher fields, the
FFF resistivity increases in proportion to \sqrt H up to H_c2. Based on these
results, the energy dissipation mechanism associated with the viscous vortex
motion in "semiclassical" d-wave superconductors with gap nodes is discussed.
Two possible scenarios are put forth for these field dependence; the
enhancement of the quasiparticle relaxation rate and the reduction of the
number of the quasiparticles participating the energy dissipation in d-wave
vortex state.Comment: 9 pages 7 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
CRISPR-Cas9 screens in human cells and primary neurons identify modifiers of C9ORF72 dipeptide-repeat-protein toxicity.
Hexanucleotide-repeat expansions in the C9ORF72 gene are the most common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (c9ALS/FTD). The nucleotide-repeat expansions are translated into dipeptide-repeat (DPR) proteins, which are aggregation prone and may contribute to neurodegeneration. We used the CRISPR-Cas9 system to perform genome-wide gene-knockout screens for suppressors and enhancers of C9ORF72 DPR toxicity in human cells. We validated hits by performing secondary CRISPR-Cas9 screens in primary mouse neurons. We uncovered potent modifiers of DPR toxicity whose gene products function in nucleocytoplasmic transport, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), proteasome, RNA-processing pathways, and chromatin modification. One modifier, TMX2, modulated the ER-stress signature elicited by C9ORF72 DPRs in neurons and improved survival of human induced motor neurons from patients with C9ORF72 ALS. Together, our results demonstrate the promise of CRISPR-Cas9 screens in defining mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases
Impurity Effect on Kramer-Pesch Core Shrinkage in s-Wave Vortex and Chiral p-Wave Vortex
The low-temperature shrinking of the vortex core (Kramer-Pesch effect) is
studied for an isolated single vortex for chiral p-wave and s-wave
superconducting phases. The effect of nonmagnetic impurities on the vortex core
radius is numerically investigated in the Born limit by means of a
quasiclassical approach. It is shown that in the chiral p-wave phase the
Kramer-Pesch effect displays a certain robustness against impurities owing to a
specific quantum effect, while the s-wave phase reacts more sensitively to
impurity scattering. This suggests chiral p-wave superconductors as promising
candidates for the experimental observation of the Kramer-Pesch effect.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures; to be published in J. Low Temp. Phys.; Proc. of
NATO ARW: VORTEX 2004, Yalta (Uknaine
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