Copper Nanoparticles Synthesized from Cinnamomum zeylanicum and its Antibacterial Activity

Nanoparticles of copper have superior properties as compared to the bulk copper material. Cinnamomum zeylanicum has been used to synthesise copper nanoparticles in the present study as it is nontoxic and cheap. The prepared copper nanoparticles were characterized by UV– V spectrophotometer showing a typical resonance at about 631 nm which is specific for CuNPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicates that oxygen-containing functional groups in the C zeylanicum are involved in the nanoparticle synthesis reaction. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was also used to confirm that CuNPs are spherical shape. The antimicrobial activity was carried out against E-coli, Enterobacteria, Stephylococcus aureus, Bascillus to confirm that these particles may act as  antimicrobial agents

Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking and antibacterial activities of Bis-[(E)-3{2-(1-4-chlorophenyl) ethylidiene}hydrazinyl]-N-(4-methylphenyl)- 3-oxopropanamideZinc (II) complex

50-58The title Zn (II) complex was synthesized by reacting the compound Bis-[(E)-3{2-(1-4-chlorophenyl) ethylidiene}hydrazinyl]-N-(4-methylphenyl)-3-oxo propanamide with Zn (II) chloride dihydrate in alkaline dimethylsulphoxide and ethanol solution under reflexing condition for 8 h. The resultant compound was filtered and recrystallized from ethanol. The hydrazone Schiff base ligand and its Zn (II) complex were characterized by using UV-Vis spectroscopy and XRD, TEM and SEM analysis. The antibacterial activities of ligand and its Zn complex were examined using disc diffusion method. The spectra results showed that the hydrazone ligand undergoes keto-enoltautomerism forming a bidentated ligand (N,N) towards Zn+2 (II) ion. It is very interesting that on sides of the two hydrazone ligands which coordinate to the Zn+2 ions, an additional two thiosemicarbazine moiety were also coordinated with Zn+2 ions in the crystalline powder, resulting in a hexa coordinated octahedral Zn (II) complex. Both hydrazone Schiff base ligand and its Zn (II) complex were found to exhibit good antibacterial activity even when the concentrations were high. Molecular docking analysis also deciphered that Zinc complex and carbohydrazone ligand both were found to be fitted into the active sites of molecular targets and Zn complex showed better binding affinities towards macromolecules compared to ligand

Optimization of extraction process of jatropha oil by using quenching agent

Among the various energy plant species, Jatropha curcus is found to be best oil-bearing plant species with a wide range of applications and having enormous economic potentials for its seed, which can be converted into biodiesel via transesterification which is an alternative to petrodiesel. In this present study, the effect of three factors, Time (1-4 hour), temperature (60-120°C) and quenching agents (NaCl, KCl, and ZrCl2) and dose of quenching agent(0.5-2gm) use for the extraction of oil from 10grm of jatropha seed. Using the Box-Benken Design (BBD) approach of Response Surface Methodology (RSM), 17 experimental runs were generated. n-Hexane was used as solvent for each experiment carried out in the 100 ml soxhlet extraction apparatus. Results obtained from the experiments were modeled and analyzed by choosing a quadratic model. From the analysis of modeled found temperature extraction time and dose of quenching agent revealed the good agreement of value (R2=0.98) between observed and predicted value of the experiment and were to be p>0.05 that was based on 95% confidence interval. By the use of RSM-BBD an optimizing experiment 60°C temperature 3h time and 2gm ZrCl2 quenching agent give best extraction of oil yield 41.41%

Application of phase change materials in solar water heating systems for thermal energy storage

One of the major drawbacks of solar water heating systems is unable to supply hot water during night time or off sunshine hours. The integration of phase change material with solar water heating systems is cost effective and efficient solution to overcome this major problem associated with solar water heating systems. The phase change material integrated with solar water heating system stores thermal energy during sun shine hours and this stored energy can be recovered during off shine hours or night time to produce hot water. The phase change material can be integrated with water tank of collector, evacuated tubes, external water tank for solar collector and flat plate collector by adding layers at the bottom of absorber plate. The integration of phase change material with SWH system not only overcome the drawbacks of SWH system but also enhance the efficiency of conventional SWH system. Many investigations for the application of TES materials integrated SWH system have been carried out and found a significant enhancement in the performance. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advances in the applications of PCM with SWH system for TE

Molecular docking and Antibacterial activities of Cobalt (II) complexes derived from precursors of Hydrazones

640-652The Schiff base ligands in their deprotonated forms have been utilized to synthesize thermodynamically and kinetically stabilized Cobalt(II) complexes. In the complexes, cobalt ion present is in distorted octahedral arrangement and is coordinated by four tridentate ligands in complexes. The synthesized Schiff base ligands coordinate with Cobalt (II) ion through four azomethine nitrogen atoms and two sulfur atoms developing a 6- membered chelate ring. Synthesized Cobalt(II) complexes via hexadentate ligands have been characterized thoroughly through various spectroscopic techniques like FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1HNMR, TGA, TEM, SEM, Particle size, Elemental analysis (C, H, N, Co, S) and conductivity measurements. All Cobalt(II) complexes have been evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity against isolated bacterial strains of E. coli (MTCC-1687), E. faecalis (MTCC-439), S. aureus (MTCC-737) and MR S. aureus (Indigenous). All Cobalt complexes show mild to moderate antibacterial activity. The MIC ranged from 50 μg/ mL to 3.125 μg/ mL. All Cobalt(II) complexes displayed in-vitro antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. It may be proved that the antibacterial activity of the complexes is related to the cell wall structure of the tested bacteria. In-vitro toxicity tests explained the Cobalt complexes were less cytotoxic than the Vancomycin drug on A431 cancer cell lines and the results explain that synthesized Cobalt complexes can act as potent antimicrobial agents and can be considered as a good drug candidate for medicinal chemistry researchers

Molecular docking and Antibacterial activities of Cobalt (II) complexes derived from precursors of Hydrazones

The Schiff base ligands in their deprotonated forms have been utilized to synthesize thermodynamically and kinetically stabilized Cobalt(II) complexes. In the complexes, cobalt ion present is in distorted octahedral arrangement and is coordinated by four tridentate ligands in complexes. The synthesized Schiff base ligands coordinate with Cobalt (II) ion through four azomethine nitrogen atoms and two sulfur atoms developing a 6- membered chelate ring. Synthesized Cobalt(II) complexes via hexadentate ligands have been characterized thoroughly through various spectroscopic techniques like FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1HNMR, TGA, TEM, SEM, Particle size, Elemental analysis (C, H, N, Co, S) and conductivity measurements. All Cobalt(II) complexes have been evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity against isolated bacterial strains of E. coli (MTCC-1687), E. faecalis (MTCC-439), S. aureus (MTCC-737) and MR S. aureus (Indigenous). All Cobalt complexes show mild to moderate antibacterial activity. The MIC ranged from 50 µg/ mL to 3.125 µg/ mL. All Cobalt(II) complexes displayed in-vitro antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. It may be proved that the antibacterial activity of the complexes is related to the cell wall structure of the tested bacteria. In-vitro toxicity tests explained the Cobalt complexes were less cytotoxic than the Vancomycin drug on A431 cancer cell lines and the results explain that synthesized Cobalt complexes can act as potent antimicrobial agents and can be considered as a good drug candidate for medicinal chemistry researchers

Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking and antibacterial activities of Bis-[(E)-3{2-(1-4-chlorophenyl) ethylidiene}hydrazinyl]-N-(4-methylphenyl)-3-oxopropanamideZinc (II) complex

The title Zn (II) complex was synthesized by reacting the compound Bis-[(E)-3{2-(1-4-chlorophenyl) ethylidiene}hydrazinyl]-N-(4-methylphenyl)-3-oxo propanamide with Zn (II) chloride dihydrate in alkaline dimethylsulphoxide and ethanol solution under reflexing condition for 8 h. The resultant compound was filtered and recrystallized from ethanol. The hydrazone Schiff base ligand and its Zn (II) complex were characterized by using UV-Vis spectroscopy and XRD, TEM and SEM analysis. The antibacterial activities of ligand and its Zn complex were examined using disc diffusion method. The spectra results showed that the hydrazone ligand undergoes keto-enoltautomerism forming a bidentated ligand (N,N) towards Zn+2 (II) ion. It is very interesting that on sides of the two hydrazone ligands which coordinate to the Zn+2 ions, an additional two thiosemicarbazine moiety were also coordinated with Zn+2 ions in the crystalline powder, resulting in a hexa coordinated octahedral Zn (II) complex. Both hydrazone Schiff base ligand and its Zn (II) complex were found to exhibit good antibacterial activity even when the concentrations were high. Molecular docking analysis also deciphered that Zinc complex and carbohydrazone ligand both were found to be fitted into the active sites of molecular targets and Zn complex showed better binding affinities towards macromolecules compared to ligand

Myocardial Tissue Characterization by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance: A Primer for the Clinician

Imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of cardiac conditions. Over the last three decades, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has established itself as a promising imaging tool in the assessment of patients with various cardiac ailments. CMR is now being considered as a one-stop-shop diagnostic test because of its ability to comprehensively assess the heart. The greatest strength of CMR is its ability to characterize the myocardium noninvasively aiding in the diagnosis of patients. Despite its growing use worldwide, the adoption of the modality in India has been relatively slow. One major reason for this is the lack of expertise and resources to perform CMR. Another reason for the slow adoption of CMR in India is the limited understanding of practicing clinicians on how the modality works and what the various clinical applications of CMR are. In this review, we aimed to address these shortcomings by outlining some basics of CMR and its utility in day-to-day practice with a special focus on myocardial tissue characterization