1,248 research outputs found
A List of the Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) in the Michigan State University Entomology Museum
Excerpt: A fairly extensive collection of Epl~emeroptera representing 35 genera, 1 12 determined species and subspecies is preserved in alcohol in the Entomology Museum at Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823. Although most of the specimens were collected in Michigan, the collection also contains representatives of many of the common species found in New England and neighboring Canada. A small portion of the collection is not Northeast in origin.
This list is designed to aid those interested in the fauna of the Northeast and Great Lakes regions, especially if they need specimens for study. I have included the states or provinces in which specimens were collected, as well as the numbers of individuals; more complete collecting data may be obtained from the author or the museum. Many new state records occur in the collection, and some of these records extend the known range significantly
A New Species of Thraulodes from New Mexico (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)
While working on the Ephemeroptera collection in the Entomology Museum at Michigan State University, the author came upon a single specimen of Thraulodes which appeared to be a new species. Although it is only in fair condition (the preserving fluid having dissipated under field conditions), the colors are well preserved and very distinctive. The specimen was sent to Dr. Jay R. Traver, University of Massachusetts, who confirmed suspicions that the specimen was new. I have been informed by Dr. Traver that she and Dr. George F. Edmunds Jr. are presently engaged in a revisionary study of the genus for North and South America, and it should be in press shortly
IC 751: a new changing-look AGN discovered by NuSTAR
We present the results of five NuSTAR observations of the type 2 active
galactic nucleus (AGN) in IC 751, three of which were performed simultaneously
with XMM-Newton or Swift/XRT. We find that the nuclear X-ray source underwent a
clear transition from a Compton-thick () to a Compton-thin () state on timescales of months, which makes
IC 751 the first changing-look AGN discovered by NuSTAR. Changes of the
line-of-sight column density at a level are also found on a
time-scale of hours ().
From the lack of spectral variability on timescales of ks we infer
that the varying absorber is located beyond the emission-weighted average
radius of the broad-line region, and could therefore be related either to the
external part of the broad-line region or a clumpy molecular torus. By adopting
a physical torus X-ray spectral model, we are able to disentangle the column
density of the non-varying absorber () from that of the varying clouds
[], and to constrain that of
the material responsible for the reprocessed X-ray radiation (). We find evidence of significant intrinsic X-ray
variability, with the flux varying by a factor of five on timescales of a few
months in the 2-10 and 10-50 keV band.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 11 pages, 6 figure
Extended X-ray emission in the IC 2497 - Hanny's Voorwerp system: energy injection in the gas around a fading AGN
We present deep Chandra X-ray observations of the core of IC 2497, the galaxy
associated with Hanny's Voorwerp and hosting a fading AGN. We find extended
soft X-ray emission from hot gas around the low intrinsic luminosity
(unobscured) AGN ( erg s). The
temperature structure in the hot gas suggests the presence of a bubble or
cavity around the fading AGN (\mbox{E_{\rm bub}} \sim 10^{54} - 10^{55}
erg). A possible scenario is that this bubble is inflated by the fading AGN,
which after changing accretion state is now in a kinetic mode. Other
possibilities are that the bubble has been inflated by the past luminous quasar
( erg s), or that the temperature gradient is
an indication of a shock front from a superwind driven by the AGN. We discuss
the possible scenarios and the implications for the AGN-host galaxy
interaction, as well as an analogy between AGN and X-ray binaries lifecycles.
We conclude that the AGN could inject mechanical energy into the host galaxy at
the end of its lifecycle, and thus provide a source for mechanical feedback, in
a similar way as observed for X-ray binaries.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Chandra Observations of Galaxy Zoo Mergers: Frequency of Binary Active Nuclei in Massive Mergers
We present the results from a Chandra pilot study of 12 massive galaxy
mergers selected from Galaxy Zoo. The sample includes major mergers down to a
host galaxy mass of 10 that already have optical AGN
signatures in at least one of the progenitors. We find that the coincidences of
optically selected active nuclei with mildly obscured ( cm) X-ray nuclei are relatively common (8/12), but the
detections are too faint ( counts per nucleus; erg s cm) to reliably separate starburst and
nuclear activity as the origin of the X-ray emission. Only one merger is found
to have confirmed binary X-ray nuclei, though the X-ray emission from its
southern nucleus could be due solely to star formation. Thus, the occurrences
of binary AGN in these mergers are rare (0-8%), unless most merger-induced
active nuclei are very heavily obscured or Compton thick.Comment: 8 pages, including 5 figures and 1 table. Accepted by Ap
A Hard Look at NGC 5347: Revealing a Nearby Compton-thick AGN
Current measurements show that the observed fraction of Compton-thick (CT) active galactic nuclei (AGN) is smaller than the expected values needed to explain the cosmic X-ray background. Prior fits to the X-ray spectrum of the nearby Seyfert-2 galaxy NGC 5347 (z = 0.00792, D = 35.5 Mpc ) have alternately suggested a CT and Compton-thin source. Combining archival data from Suzaku, Chandra, and—most importantly—new data from NuSTAR, ... See full text for complete abstrac
The relationship between adverse childhood experiences, coping using sex, and adult sexual coercion in non-incarcerated, community-based females
Adverse childhood experiences have been associated with negative outcomes in adulthood, including sexual offending. Using a cross-sectional design, we investigated whether self-reported adverse childhood experiences related to the perpetration of coercive sexual acts among 250 females recruited from the community. Furthermore, we examined whether sexualised coping mediated any potential relationship between childhood experiences and sexual coercion. A Spearman’s rank order correlation revealed no relationship between adverse childhood experiences and sexual coercion. However, adverse childhood experiences were significantly correlated with sexualised coping, which in turn was correlated with sexual coercion. Additionally, there was a significant but small indirect effect of adverse childhood experiences on sexual coercion through sexualised coping. Findings may help researchers to better understand the causal relationship between childhood experiences, sexual coping, and sexual coercion in females
The 2-79 keV X-ray Spectrum of the Circinus Galaxy with NuSTAR, XMM-Newton and Chandra: a Fully Compton-Thick AGN
The Circinus galaxy is one of the nearest obscured AGN, making it an ideal
target for detailed study. Combining archival Chandra and XMM-Newton data with
new NuSTAR observations, we model the 2-79 keV spectrum to constrain the
primary AGN continuum and to derive physical parameters for the obscuring
material. Chandra's high angular resolution allows a separation of nuclear and
off-nuclear galactic emission. In the off-nuclear diffuse emission we find
signatures of strong cold reflection, including high equivalent-width neutral
Fe lines. This Compton-scattered off-nuclear emission amounts to 18% of the
nuclear flux in the Fe line region, but becomes comparable to the nuclear
emission above 30 keV. The new analysis no longer supports a prominent
transmitted AGN component in the observed band. We find that the nuclear
spectrum is consistent with Compton-scattering by an optically-thick torus,
where the intrinsic spectrum is a powerlaw of photon index ,
the torus has an equatorial column density of cm and the intrinsic AGN keV luminosity is
erg/s. These values place Circinus along the same
relations as unobscured AGN in accretion rate-vs- and -vs-
phase space. NuSTAR's high sensitivity and low background allow us to study the
short time-scale variability of Circinus at X-ray energies above 10 keV for the
first time. The lack of detected variability favors a Compton-thick absorber,
in line with the the spectral fitting results.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap
The nature of the torus in the heavily obscured AGN Markarian 3: an X-ray study
In this paper we report the results of an X-ray monitoring campaign on the
heavily obscured Seyfert galaxy Markarian 3 carried out between the fall of
2014 and the spring of 2015 with NuSTAR, Suzaku and XMM-Newton. The hard X-ray
spectrum of Markarian 3 is variable on all the time scales probed by our
campaign, down to a few days. The observed continuum variability is due to an
intrinsically variable primary continuum seen in transmission through a large,
but still Compton-thin column density (N_H~0.8-1.110 cm).
If arranged in a spherical-toroidal geometry, the Compton scattering matter has
an opening angle ~66 degrees and is seen at a grazing angle through its upper
rim (inclination angle ~70 degrees). We report a possible occultation event
during the 2014 campaign. If the torus is constituted by a system of clouds
sharing the same column density, this event allows us to constrain their number
(175) and individual column density, [~(4.91.5)10
cm]. The comparison of IR and X-ray spectroscopic results with
state-of-the art "torus" models suggests that at least two thirds of the X-ray
obscuring gas volume might be located within the dust sublimation radius. We
report also the discovery of an ionized absorber, characterised by variable
resonant absorption lines due to He- and H-like iron. This discovery lends
support to the idea that moderate column density absorbers could be due to
clouds evaporated at the outer surface of the torus, possibly accelerated by
the radiation pressure due to the central AGN emission leaking through the
patchy absorber.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 17 pages, 11 figures, 5 table
X-ray bolometric corrections for Compton-thick active galactic nuclei
We present X-ray bolometric correction factors, (), for Compton-thick (CT) active galactic nuclei (AGN) with the aim
of testing AGN torus models, probing orientation effects, and estimating the
bolometric output of the most obscured AGN. We adopt bolometric luminosities,
, from literature infrared (IR) torus modeling and compile published
intrinsic 2--10 keV X-ray luminosities, , from X-ray torus modeling of
NuSTAR data. Our sample consists of 10 local CT AGN where both of these
estimates are available. We test for systematic differences in
values produced when using two widely used IR torus models and two widely used
X-ray torus models, finding consistency within the uncertainties. We find that
the mean of our sample in the range
erg/s is log
with an intrinsic scatter of dex, and that our derived
values are consistent with previously established relationships between
and and and Eddington ratio. We
investigate if is dependent on by comparing our results on
CT AGN to published results on less-obscured AGN, finding no significant
dependence. Since many of our sample are megamaser AGN, known to be viewed
edge-on, and furthermore under the assumptions of AGN unification whereby
unobscured AGN are viewed face-on, our result implies that the X-ray emitting
corona is not strongly anisotropic. Finally, we present values
for CT AGN identified in X-ray surveys as a function of their observed ,
where an estimate of their intrinsic is not available, and redshift,
useful for estimating the bolometric output of the most obscured AGN across
cosmic time.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap
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