256 research outputs found
Determination of oxygen in silicon and carbide by activation with 27.2 meV alpha particles
The Si sample was polished on one side, and on the other side Ni was applied chemically and soldered with Pb to a water cooled Cu substrate. Optical quartz standard was fixed from the other side. Si carbide samples were soldered to a substrated with In. The prepared samples were irradiated in a cyclotron with a 27.2 MeV alpha particle beam. The layers were removed from the Si and Si carbide samples by grinding and the positron activity of F-18(t sub 1/2 110 min) was measured by using a gamma, gamma coincidence spectrometer with two NaI(TI) crystals. For analysis of Si carbide, the activity decay curve of the samples was recorded to find the contribution of the positron activity of Cu-65(t sub 1/2 12.9 hr) which formed from Ni impurity on irradiation
Structural features of Ni-Cr-Si-B materials obtained by different technologies
This study considers the structural features of Ni-Cr-Si-B (Ni - base; 15.1 % Cr; 2 % Si; 2 % B; 0.4 % C) materials obtained by different methods. The self-fluxing coatings were deposited by plasma spraying on the tubes from low carbon steel. Bulk cylinder specimens of 20 mm diameter and 15 mm height were obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The structure and phase composition of these materials were investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The major phases of coatings and sintered materials are [gamma]-Ni, Ni[3]B, CrB and Cr[7]C[3]. We demonstrate that the particle unmelted in the process of plasma spraying or SPS consist of [gamma]-Ni-NEB eutectic and also CrB and Cr[7]C[3] inclusions. The prolonged exposure of powder to high temperatures as well as slow cooling rates by SPS provide for the growth of the structural components as compared to those of plasma coatings materials. High cooling rates at the plasma spraying by melted particles contribute to the formation of supersaturated solid solution of Cr, Si and Fe in [gamma]-Ni. The structure of the melted particles in sintering material has gradient composition: the core constituted of Ni grains of 10 ΞΌm with [gamma]-Ni-Ni[3]B eutectic on the edges. The results of the experiment demonstrate that the sintering material has a smaller microhardness in comparison with plasma coatings (650 and 850 MPa, respectively), but at the same time the material has higher density (porosity less than 1 %) than plasma coatings (porosity about 2.. .3 %)
Phenomena induced by powerful HF pumping towards magnetic zenith with a frequency near the F-region critical frequency and the third electron gyro harmonic frequency
Multi-instrument observational data from an experiment on 13 October 2006 at the EISCAT/HEATING facility at TromsΓΈ, Norway are analysed. The experiment was carried out in the evening hours when the electron density in the F-region dropped, and the HF pump frequency <I>f<sub>H</sub></I> was near and then above the critical frequency of the F2 layer. The distinctive feature of this experiment is that the pump frequency was just below the third electron gyro harmonic frequency, while both the HF pump beam and UHF radar beam were directed towards the magnetic zenith (MZ). The HF pump-induced phenomena were diagnosed with several instruments: the bi-static HF radio scatter on the London-TromsΓΈ-St. Petersburg path, the CUTLASS radar in Hankasalmi (Finland), the European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) UHF radar at TromsΓΈ and the TromsΓΈ ionosonde (dynasonde). The results show thermal electron excitation of the HF-induced striations seen simultaneously from HF bi-static scatter and CUTLASS radar observations, accompanied by increases of electron temperature when the heater frequency was near and then above the critical frequency of the F2 layer by up to 0.4 MHz. An increase of the electron density up to 25% accompanied by strong HF-induced electron heating was observed, only when the heater frequency was near the critical frequency and just below the third electron gyro harmonic frequency. It is concluded that the combined effect of upper hybrid resonance and gyro resonance at the same altitude gives rise to strong electron heating, the excitation of striations, HF ray trapping and extension of HF waves to altitudes where they can excite Langmuir turbulence and fluxes of electrons accelerated to energies that produce ionization
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN DARK TRIAD TRAITS AND MATERIALISTIC VALUE ORIENTATION
The study examines the intensity and relationship of Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy with orientations toward material values as indicators of success, happiness, and a focus on material well-being in groups with various combinations of Dark Triad traits and a general orientation towards materialism. The relevant indicators were measured in a sample of 442 participants, and groups differed in the intensity of the studied traits and values. As a result, distinctions were established that emphasise the specificity of the link between the Dark Triadβs traits and the orientation toward materialism, as well as their interrelationships. It is conceivable to think that narcissism and psychopathy are the primary characteristics that distinguish the attitude toward material values and reflect various economic tactics.ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ°Π²Π΅Π»Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ
Π°, ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ
Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Β«Π’Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π΄ΡΒ» ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ. ΠΠ° Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ Π² 442 ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ, ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Β«Π’Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π΄ΡΒ» ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Multi-wavelength observations of afterglow of GRB 080319B and the modeling constraints
We present observations of the afterglow of GRB 080319B at optical, mm and
radio frequencies from a few hours to 67 days after the burst. Present
observations along with other published multi-wavelength data have been used to
study the light-curves and spectral energy distributions of the burst
afterglow. The nature of this brightest cosmic explosion has been explored
based on the observed properties and it's comparison with the afterglow models.
Our results show that the observed features of the afterglow fits equally good
with the Inter Stellar Matter and the Stellar Wind density profiles of the
circum-burst medium. In case of both density profiles, location of the maximum
synchrotron frequency is below optical and the value of cooling break
frequency is below rays, s after the burst. Also, the
derived value of the Lorentz factor at the time of naked eye brightness is
with the corresponding blast wave size of cm. The
numerical fit to the multi-wavelength afterglow data constraints the values of
physical parameters and the emission mechanism of the burst.Comment: 8 Pages, 3 Figures, Accepted for publication to Astronomy and
Astrophysics on 02/04/200
Air plasma sprayed coatings of self-fluxing powder materials
Β© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. The article discusses the structural features of self-fluxing coatings obtained by plasma spraying air from entering the hub ring and the gas-dynamic focusing powder. It was shown that, unlike the unilateral spot powder inlet into the plasma jet, the use of the annular input node allows to increase heating efficiency and to accelerate the particles in the plasma stream. By optical and scanning electron microscopy that most of the particles forming the coating, in the plasma jet is in a molten or plasticized condition. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that high cooling rates of such particles contribute to the formation of Ξ³-SMC supersaturated solid solution Ni-based average grain size of 80 nm
Cognitive and sociocultural aspects of robotized technology: innovative processes of adaptation
The paper dwells upon interaction between socio-cultural phenomena and cognitive characteristics of robotized technology. The interdisciplinary approach was employed in order to cast light on the manifold and multilevel identity of scientific advance in terms of robotized technology within the mental realm. Analyzing robotized technology from the viewpoint of its significance for the modern society is one of the upcoming trends in the contemporary scientific realm. The robots under production are capable of interacting with people; this results in a growing necessity for the studies on social status of robotized technological items. Socio-cultural aspect of cognitive robotized technology is reflected in the fact that the nature becomes 'aware' of itself via human brain, a human being tends to strives for perfection in their intellectual and moral dimensions
Recent advances in unveiling active sites in molybdenum sulfide-based electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Hydrogen has received significant attention as a promising future energy carrier due to its high energy density and environmentally friendly nature. In particular, the electrocatalytic generation of hydrogen fuel is highly desirable to replace current fossil fuel-dependent hydrogen production methods. However, to achieve widespread implementation of electrocatalytic hydrogen production technology, the development of highly active and durable electrocatalysts based on Earth-abundant elements is of prime importance. In this context, nanostructured molybdenum sulfides (MoS x ) have received a great deal of attention as promising alternatives to precious metal-based catalysts. In this focus review, we summarize recent efforts towards identification of the active sites in MoS x -based electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). We also discuss recent synthetic strategies for the engineering of catalyst structures to achieve high active site densities. Finally, we suggest ongoing and future research challenges in the design of advanced MoS x -based HER electrocatalysts
Direct determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in solid matrices using laser desorption/laser photoionization ion trap mass spectrometry
- β¦