Introduction to 2nd International Cell Death Research Congress 2018, Izmir, 1–4 November 2018

International Cell Death Research Congress 2018, the II edition of the conference series, was held in IZMIR at Wyndham Grand Izmir Özdilek Hotel, from November 1 to 4, 2018 for the second time in Turkey, after Izmir 2016. This conference series were organized by Cell Death Research Society of Turkey (CDRS-Turkey). [...

Amyloid Beta Peptides Affect Pregnenolone and Pregnenolone Sulfate Levels in PC-12 and SH-SY5Y Cells Depending on Cholesterol

Increased amyloid beta (AB) peptide concentration is one of the initiating factors in the neurodegeneration process. It has been suggested that cholesterol induces the synthesis of AB peptide from amyloid precursor protein or facilitates the formation of amyloid plaque by lowering the aggregation threshold of the peptide. It is also shown that AB peptides may affect cholesterol metabolism and the synthesis of steroid hormones such as progesterone and estradiol. Pregnenolone (P) and pregnenolone sulfate (PS) are the major steroids produced from cholesterol in neural tissue. In toxicity conditions, the effect of AB peptides on P and PS levels has not yet been determined. Furthermore, it has not been clearly defined how changes in cellular P and PS levels affect neuronal cell survival. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of AB peptides on cellular changes in P and PS levels depending on the level of their main precursor, cholesterol. Cholesterol and toxic concentrations of AB fragments (AB 25-35, AB 1-40 and AB 1-42) were applied to PC-12 and SH-SY5Y cells. Changes in cellular cholesterol, P and PS levels were determined simultaneously in a dose-and time-dependent manner. The cell viability and cell death types were also evaluated. AB peptides affected both cell viability and P/PS levels. Steroid levels were altered depending on AB fragment type and the cholesterol content of the cells. Treatment with each of the AB fragments alone increased P levels by twofold. However, combined treatment with AB peptides and cholesterol increased P levels by approximately sixfold, while PS levels were increased only about 2.5 fold in both cell lines. P levels in the groups treated with AB 25-35 were higher than those in AB 1-40 and AB 1-42 groups. The cell viabilities were significantly low in the group treated by AB and cholesterol (9 mM). The effect of AB peptides on P levels might be a result of cellular self-defense. On the other hand, the rate of P increase might be playing a key role in the cell death mechanism of AB toxicity depending on cellular cholesterol levels

Casticin: A Promising Candidate to Develop a Stem Cell Targeted Strategy in AML Treatment

Purpose: Acute myeloid leukemia is the most common form of acute leukemia with genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity. Although current therapeutic agents provide successful remission, 5-year survival rates are still low. Insufficiency of targeting leukemia stem cells is considered as the main obstacle that causes drug resistance and relapse. Phytochemicals remain a promising source for targeted drug research. Studies showed that Casticin has antiproliferative effects on leukemic cells, but its effects on leukemic stem cells are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antiproliferative capacity of Casticin on acute myeloid leukemia stem-like (KG1a) cells and its relatively mature parental (KG1) cells in comparison with healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)

Comparison of medium supplements in terms of the effects on the differentiation of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line

Objective: Human SH-SY5Y cell line has been frequently used for in vitro experiments in neuroscience-related research. To reflect a better neuronal characteristic the cell line needs to a differentiation. To compare the results obtained from in vitro models, the similarity of the phenotype and characteristic of the cells has great importance. However, many studies have been performed using the different medium ingredients which affect the differentiation progress of the cells. Therefore, we aimed to compare generally used differentiation mediums, contain only retinoic acid (RA) and supplemented with different ingredients, in the aspect of neuron-like phenotype characteristics and stability. Materials and Methods: The effects of medium ingredients on differentiation levels were evaluated using morphological changing, neurite length, and immunofluorescence detection of neuronal markers such as NFH, beta-III Tubulin, and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2). The stability of differentiated cells was followed microscopically at the 7th, 10th, and 14th days by morphological changings and neurite length using Neuron J software. Results: The results revealed that the cells pretreated with RA for 5-day treatment and followed by 5-day treatment with the mix medium and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), provided significantly higher neurite length than the other groups (P < 0.001). In this group, the expressions of beta-tubulin III, MAP2, and NF-H were also significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.001, and P < 0.05, respectively) and differentiated cells were stable until the 7th day. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that enriched mediums are necessary for a better differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells. We recommend 10-day treatment period and using of RA, BDNF, dc-AMP, KCI together in SH-SY5Y cell differentiation

CLINICAL EVALUATION OF CIRCULATING CYTOKERATIN 18 AS A BIOMARKER IN COLORECTAL CANCER THERAPY MONITORIZATION

WOS: 00026408950036

Meniscus Acellularization Using Allograft Native Scaffold

The main function of the meniscus is load distribution and therefore stresses reduction in the knee joint, thereby frequently occurring cartilage damage. The meniscus leads to variety experimental and clinical research due to important function of the human body

Discrimination Effectiveness of CK18 on Cell Death Modes in Colon Cancer Cells

Objectives: Cytokeratin-18 is an intermediate filament that could be a candidate cell death marker in monitoring chemotherapy efficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate cell death determination effectiveness of CK18 ELISA assay in HCT-116 colon cancer cells treated with clinical compatible dosages of FOLFIRI chemotherapy combination