Measurement of the transverse Single Spin Asymmetry of Forward Eta Mesons in p↑+pp^{\uparrow}+p Collisions in PHENIX

Polarized $p+p$ collisions provide insight into the structure of the nucleon. $A_N$ of eta mesons at forward rapidities are of particular interest, as asymmetries of other mesons observed both by PHENIX and other experiments show significant deviation from zero in the forward region. Several mechanisms have been proposed that attempt to explain these non-zero asymmetries, and a comparison of different probes may further constrain these models. Therefore, measurements of $A_N$ with inclusive eta mesons at forward rapidities are an important tool toward understanding the underlying mechanism. Using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), we study $p^{\uparrow}+p$ collisions. In 2008, the PHENIX experiment collected 5.2 pb$^{-1}$ integrated luminosity in $p^\uparrow+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV. The asymmetry analysis of eta mesons at forward rapidity will be discussed.Comment: Submitted to American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings 1441 (2012

Saving the Savings Clause in Federal Habeas Jurisprudence

The Great Writ of habeas corpus, safeguarded by our Constitution as an essential guarantor of liberty, took its current shape over the course of American history as Congress established, expanded, and eventually limited the power of federal courts to issue the writ. Although the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 imposed harsh new limitations for federal prisoners seeking habeas relief more than once in the same case, Congress’s amendment of the relevant procedural statutes left intact the “savings clause,” allowing such prisoners to file additional requests for relief where the prisoners’ prior requests were “inadequate or ineffective to test the legality” of their imprisonment. Recent splits in circuit court authority have threatened to write the savings clause out of the federal habeas statutes. Although the Fourth Circuit in United States v. Wheeler has recognized the continuing applicability of the savings clause in appropriate cases, the Sixth Circuit in Hueso v. Barnhart announced sharply more limited reasoning, holding the savings clause to be restricted by narrow procedural requirements established elsewhere in the 1996 habeas amendments. Similarly, the Eleventh Circuit in In re Baptiste has held that federal prisoners may never file additional requests for relief on the same underlying claim, regardless of circumstances or the savings clause, while the Ninth Circuit in Jones v. United States has rejected this position and allowed for continuing operation of the savings clause in circumstances where justice so requires. Courts should interpret the savings clause to allow federal prisoners the broadest access to the writ. Such an interpretation is true to the text of the federal habeas statutes, accords with canons of statutory construction, is in line with the legislative history of the 1996 amendments, and respects the constitutional requirement that access to the writ must not be suspended absent extraordinary circumstances. Applying the savings clause in this manner will best honor the letter and spirit of the great writ of liberty

Agronomic and Quality Response of Hard Red Spring Wheat Genotypes to Management Systems in South Dakota

Intensive cereals management techniques such as multiple fungicide applications and in-season split N applications have been used to successfully improve wheat yields in Europe and in some winter wheat production areas of the USA. However, research on the effects of these management practices and their interaction with genotypes is limited in the hard red spring wheat (HRSW) production areas of the USA. The objectives of this study were to: (i) compare management treatments and (ii) quantify any interaction effects between management and genotype on the agronomic characteristics and relevant flour and dough properties of locally-adapted HRSW genotypes. A randomized complete block design in a split plot arrangement was implemented with five management treatments as the main plot and sixteen HRSW genotypes as the subplots over four siteyears in South Dakota. While management strategies involving delayed N fertilizer application and fungicide application at anthesis seemed to have positive effects on grain yield and grain protein content, confounding environmental factors make these findings inconclusive. No predictable management by genotype interactions were observed for any of the agronomic traits. Differences between management treatments and genotypes alone were much more consistent than interaction effects between management system and genotype. Flour protein, flour yield, Mixograph envelope peak time, and Mixograph envelope peak value were also collected for two replications from each site-year. While management treatment seemed to have an effect on flour yield and flour protein content, effects were inconsistent. There were no management treatment effects on either of the mixing parameters. No management by genotype interaction was observed. Results from this study indicated that, for both agronomic characteristics and quality parameters (i) HRSW genotypes did not respond consistently to intensive management techniques in the rain-fed areas of central South Dakota, and (ii) any genotype by management interaction effects were minimal compared to the main effects of genotype and environment

Movement Matters: The Importance of Incorporating Movement in the Classroom

This literature review looks at what movement is and how it can improve student learning. Journal articles written in the last ten years were evaluated to find common themes that support incorporating movement throughout the school day including at recess, during physical education, and in the classroom. Brain research shows that moving while learning is beneficial. Movement ignites areas of the brain as well as improves neuron connections, helps to develop different areas of the brain, and offers a variety of mental health benefits such as lowered anxiety and depression. In addition, movement helps to prevent long term diseases such as diabetes, stroke, and heart issues. It also looks at different means to integrate movement throughout the day. These include recess time, brain breaks, mindfulness and more. Movement is an important part of early childhood and the benefits of incorporating it at any early age are explored. From there, it offers ideas for future research and areas that have yet to be discovered in terms of incorporating movement into the classroom

So, You’re a New Forensics Coach?: Establishing an Oral Interpretation Program and Culture of Success

As many new English and Speech instructors quickly realize, their first teaching contract will most certainly include forensic extra-curricular activities. By the simple virtue of training to become fine arts teachers, administrators and principals may assign the coaching of Debate, One Act Plays or Oral Interpretation to their contracts, even though the individual may have had no experience in any of those activities. In my first secondary school contract, I was required to coach Oral Interpretation, three One Act Plays and the spring All School Play. My drama background consisted of a knowledge and appreciation for Shakespeare, yet with no performance experience at all. However, after my first precarious year of coaching, I became addicted to directing the Oral Interpretation program. I now look back on my 30 years of coaching Oral Interp as the most rewarding and memorable experience of my entire teaching career. Oral Interpretation provides the students the chance to 1) showcase their artistic expression, 2) learn control over physical and facial expressions, gestures, voice and movement, 3) better understand literature and the author’s purpose and intent, 4) indulge in unlimited creative possibilities, 5) be competitive by practicing until the character becomes perfect (or real) and 6) achieve individual and team success. Directing the Sioux Valley High School (SVHS) Oral Interpretation team in Volga, SD, has been a blessing in disguise and afforded me with memories of hundreds of outstanding performances

The Relationship Between Nonverbal Immediacy and Therapeutic Alliance in Higher Education Client-Counselor Interactions

Communication is essential to a successful patient-provider interaction. Within health communication literature, a substantial body of research has focused on verbal communication; however, few studies have fully dedicated to nonverbal communication research. The study examined the relationship between perceptions of client nonverbal immediacy and ratings of the therapeutic alliance. Additionally, the study provided an analysis comparing counselor and client ratings of both client nonverbal immediacy and the therapeutic alliance. Results indicated a significant relationship between counselor ratings of client nonverbal immediacy and counselor ratings of the therapeutic alliance. Counselors and clients also rated client nonverbal immediacy similarly, indicating that the counselors are aware of their client’s behavior. Counselors and clients also rated the therapeutic alliance similarly

Allergic rhinitis is a local disease: the role of local IgE production, basophils and mast cells

The introduction to this thesis summarizes the literature which indicates that there is a discrepancy between sensitisation and allergic disease. Two aspects which might play a role in this discrepancy are the differences between production and funtion of local versus systemic lgE and the differences in mast cell and basophil function in the blood compared to in the tissues. Mast cells, basophils and IgE are key players in the allergic inflammation. The aim of the studies described in this thesis was to focus on these differences between local and systemic function of these key factors. The research questions addressed in this thesis are: Mast cells and basophils seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. Do the phenotypes of mast cells and basophilic cells changed by allergen provocation in the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis patients (Chapter 3)? The developmental relationship bet\veen mast cells and basophils has not yet been totally resolved. What is the relation bet\veen basophil progenitors, mast cell progenitors, basophils and mast cells in the circulation and in the nasal mucosa (Chapter 3)? Allergic mucosa inflammation is regulated by the local production and release of several Th2 cytokines. Which increase in cytokines and chemokines is correlated to inflammatory cells and symptomatology of the patient? What is the time line of the various cytokines and chemokines after allergen provocation (Chapter 4)? Is it possible to develop a method to detect specific lgE in tissues. Does production of specific IgE take place locally in the nasal mucosa (Chapter 5)? Where do basophils and mast-cell of allergi