Metropolitan Regions as Centres of Knowledge and Innovation Creation

Each region can be considered to be an individual regional innovation system. It is possible to distinguish various types of these systems. The approach based on assessment of deficiencies, which are organization thinness, lock-in effect and fragmentation, defines three types of imperfect regional innovation systems. The metropolitan regions are one of these types. These regions can be characterized by above-average research, innovation and patent activity and they are considered innovation centres. But this is not true absolutely; some of them typically have a fragmented innovation system and insufficient linking of its elements. On the basis of theoretical background it is possible to design a group of indicators that characterize this type of regions. The aim of this paper is to find relevant indicators that can be used as a basis for the definition of metropolitan regional innovation systems in the Czech Republic. Using the point method and cluster analysis, the Czech metropolitan regions on the NUTS3 level can be defined. Especially the Capital city Prague and the South-Moravian Region (encompassing the second biggest city Brno) can be defined as metropolitan regions. Other NUTS3 regions that can be considered metropolitan regions are the Pardubice, Central Bohemian, Pilsen and Liberec Regions. This work is licensed under a&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p

Research Activity in the Czech and Slovak Regions

Research and development represent an important source for the introduction of new innovation, in particular technical innovation. Individual regions differ considerably in the level of their research activity and in their preconditions for it. The aim of this paper is to compare the level of research activity in Czech and Slovak regions. The analysis is carried out at the NUTS3 regions level; therefore, it involves 14 regions in the Czech Republic and 8 regions in Slovakia. Our analysis is focused on expenditures on R&amp;D and human resources in R&amp;D. We analyze the source of financing (public, business), field of science (technical and natural sciences), type of research (basic, applied), and the number of R&amp;D personnel in full time equivalent. The attention is also paid to the institutions responsible for support of R&amp;D in both countries. The level of research activity in the Czech Republic is significantly higher than in Slovakia. In both countries the research is concentrated in the capital cities and the South Moravian Region in the case of the Czech Republic. Big differences between capital cities and other regions were observed. This work is licensed under a&nbsp;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p

Public Support for Innovation: Changes in Turnover of Granted Companies

Background: Innovation policy supports innovation in companies, as it is crucial for economic, social and environmental development. Objectives: The research aims to verify whether companies that have received public support for innovation are experiencing turnover growth. Methods/Approach: The research is carried out on the example of the Czech Innovation Programme, and the analysis included 276 projects in the manufacturing industry. The study compares the turnover of enterprises one year before receiving the aid and two years after the granting. The analysis is performed regarding the size of companies, industries and regions. Results: When the companies are assessed at the median level, the largest turnover growth was found in the category of small enterprises. Regarding industry, the largest increase was recorded in NACE sections 22, 27, 26, 29 and 30. The lowest increase in turnover was recorded for enterprises in sections 21, 23, 24 and 28. Differences in turnover growth were also observed across regions. Conclusions: Providing support for innovation contributes to the growth of turnover. A larger share of public aid should be allocated to the category of small and medium-sized enterprises and knowledge-intensive industries

XXV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách

Title in English: 25th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences: Conference proceedings The conference proceedings consists of papers presented at the 25th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences that was organized by Department of Regional Economics and Administration FEA MU. It contains 57 articles arranged by topic. The individual articles deal with e.g. socioeconomic disparities among regions, regional policy, territory attractiveness, tourism, or regional public administration

XXIV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách

Title in English: 24th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences: Conference proceedings. The conference proceedings consists of papers presented at the 24rd International Colloquium on Regional Sciences that was organized by Department of Regional Economics and Administration FEA MU. It contains 79 articles arranged by topic. The individual articles deal with e.g. socioeconomic disparities among regions, regional policy, territory attractiveness, tourism or regional public administration

How do regions use indirect R&D support for their innovation activities?

It is broadly accepted that innovation is an important source of competitiveness in developed regions and that research and development brings new knowledge that can be utilized for the development of new innovations. This paper deals with indirect support for research and development that is used for promotion of innovation activities in the Czech Republic. The aim of the article is to provide new empirical evidence on using of indirect support of research development for financing of innovation activities in Czech regions. The statistical data are analysed through descriptive statistics, cluster analysis and correlation analysis. It was observed that indirect R&D support is strongly concentrated in Prague and the Central Bohemian Region. The situation in the South Moravian Region is different, although this region has many common features with the former regions. The cluster analysis also revealed a group of regions with quite a high level of indirect support. These regions are not the innovation leaders, but they can be characterized by a strong industrial base

Implementace inovační politiky v českých regionech

Hlavním zdrojem konkurenceschopnosti vyspělých zemí a regionů jsou v současné době inovace, a proto je jim věnována náležitá pozornost v ekonomické teorii i politické praxi. Inovační politika ovlivňuje inovační procesy, usiluje o zvýšení inovační výkonnosti a napomáhá klíčovým aktérům překonat bariéry v inovačním prostředí. Inovace jsou považovány za teritoriální záležitost, neboť k jejich vzniku přispívají jedinečné podmínky regionů. To je důvodem, proč je implementace inovační politiky důležitá na národní i regionální úrovni. Inovační výkonnost regionů je ovlivněna podniky, neboť právě ty zavádí inovace na trh a generují ekonomické efekty z úsilí vloženého do výzkumných a inovačních aktivit. Habilitační práce se zabývá inovační politikou, a to zejména tou částí inovační politiky, jejíž hlavní cílovou skupinou jsou firmy. Jejím hlavním cílem je zpracovat a předložit komplexní teoretický pohled na inovační politiku. Cílem práce je také identifikovat, analyzovat a zhodnotit nástroje inovační politiky, které jsou aplikovány v České republice. Práce se zabývá vymezením inovační politiky, jejími nástroji a způsoby implementace na národní i regionální úrovni. Empirická část přináší analýzu nástrojů české národní inovační politiky a jejich souhrnnější hodnocení prostřednictvím různých vybraných metod. Důraz je položen na intenzitu využívání nástrojů v regionech. Práce se zaměřuje také na aktivitu českých krajů při provádění jejich vlastní inovační politiky. Na základě provedeného výzkumu jsou sestaveny implikace pro českou inovační politiku.Innovation is currently the crucial source of competitiveness for developed countries and regions and is therefore given due attention in economic theory and policy practice. Innovation policy can influence innovation processes, seeks to increase innovation performance, and helps key actors to overcome barriers in the innovation environment. Innovations are perceived as a territorial matter because just the unique conditions of the regions contribute to their creation. For this reason, the implementation of innovation policy is essential as both the national and regional level. The innovation performance of regions is influenced by enterprises, as they are the ones that introduce innovation to the market and generate economics effects from the efforts put in research and innovation acitivities. The habilitation thesis deals with innovation policy, especially the part of innovation policy, whose target group is the business sector. Its main objective is to elaborate and present a comprehensive theoretical view of innovation policy. The aim of the thesis is also to identify, analyze, and evaluate the innovation policy instruments that are applied in the Czech republic. The work deals with the definition of innovation policy, its instruments, and ways of implementation at the national and regional level. The empirical part provides an analysis of Czech natinal innovation policy instruments and their more comprehensive evaluation through various selected methods. Emphasis is put on the intensity of their usage in the regions. The work also focuses on the activity of the Czech regions in the implementation of their own innovation policy. Based on research, implications for the Czech innovation policy are compiled

Identification of Czech Metropolitan Regions: How to improve targeting of innovation policy

Concepts of national and regional innovation systems can serve as an analytical framework forming the empirical base for innovation policy creation. It is possible to distinguish various types of these systems. One of these typologies is based on the assessment of innovation deficiencies. There are three types of regions: metropolitan, peripheral, and old industrial. Metropolitan regions can be characterized by a high level of research, innovation, and patent activity. The aims of this paper are to find relevant indicators that can be used as the basis for defining metropolitan regional innovation systems and using them for the identification of Czech metropolitan regions. The results of the point method combined with the cluster analysis showed that the capital city, Prague, as well as the South Moravian, Pardubice, Central Bohemian, Pilsen, and Liberec Regions can be defined as metropolitan regions