1 research outputs found
Complete Utilization of Spent Coffee Grounds To Produce Biodiesel, Bio-Oil, and Biochar
This
study presents the complete utilization of spent coffee grounds
to produce biodiesel, bio-oil, and biochar. Lipids extracted from
spent grounds were converted to biodiesel. The neat biodiesel and
blended (B5 and B20) fuel properties were evaluated against ASTM and
EN standards. Although neat biodiesel displayed high viscosity, moisture,
sulfur, and poor oxidative stability, B5 and B20 met ASTM blend specifications.
Slow pyrolysis of defatted coffee grounds was performed to generate
bio-oil and biochar as valuable co-products. The effect of feedstock
defatting was assessed through bio-oil analyses including elemental
and functional group composition, compound identification, and molecular
weight and boiling point distributions. Feedstock defatting reduced
pyrolysis bio-oil yields, energy density, and aliphatic functionality,
while increasing the number of low-boiling oxygenates. The high bio-oil
heteroatom content will likely require upgrading. Additionally, biochar
derived from spent and defatted grounds were analyzed for their physicochemical
properties. Both biochars displayed similar surface area and elemental
constituents. Application of biochar with fertilizer enhanced sorghum–sudangrass
yields over 2-fold, indicating the potential of biochar as a soil
amendment