Reviews

Obra ressenyada: Robert J. BAUMGARDNER, (ed.). South Asian English: Structure, Use, Users. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1996

Factors Influencing Nonprofit Leaders\u27 Intention to Build Capacity

ABSTRACT Examining attitudes, norms and behavioral control perceptions can aid in predicting the strength of a person\u27s intentions to engage in any kind of major effort, including nonprofit capacity building, according to Aizen\u27s Theory of Planned Behavior (Aizen, 1991, 2002a, 2006). The purpose of this research was to determine whether the attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioral control beliefs of 470 nonprofit leaders\u27 past and future organizational capacity building had significance in explaining their stated intentions to build capacity. It also sought to determine what respondent and organization characteristics, the presence or absence of trust relationships, board governance practices, and organizational effectiveness indicators modified leaders\u27 attitudes, norms, and behavioral control beliefs. The central hypothesis of this study was that when attitudes are positive, subjective norms affirmative, and nonprofit leaders believe that they have adequate control over activities within the organization, the scores on their intention to build capacity are higher (Aizen and Fishbein, 2005; Armitage & Conner, 2001). Light\u27s 2003 study findings were used to help frame some of the survey questions (Light, 2004), along with Aizen\u27s (n.d.) guidelines for creating a Theory of Planned Behavior instrument, and Gill, Flynn & Reissing\u27s (2005) board governance Quick Check list. In December 2011 and January 2012, an online survey was conducted through the sponsorship of the National Development Institute. Over 52,300 nonprofits leaders from across the United States were invited to participate. Four hundred seventy nonprofit leaders responded. They were asked to indicate what capacity building efforts they had done in the past five years, and to select one past and one future capacity building effort to evaluate in depth. The central hypothesis of this study was accepted for future intentions and rejected for examination of past intentions. The model (R2=.152, adjusted R2=.144, p\u3c.01) that significantly predicted respondents\u27 past capacity building intention total scores included one attitude variable (level of agreement that 22 factors were made worse as result of doing the effort, â =.162, p\u3c.01), and two behavioral control variables (level of agreement with the statements \u27I was confident I could lead and manage the effort\u27 (â =.399, p\u3c.01) and \u27It was easy to lead and management the effort.\u27 (â = -.171 p\u3c.01). Five modifying variables explained the variance in the attitude variable. Four modifying variables explained the variance in the behavioral control variable dealing with confidence levels and four different modifiers explained the variance in the behavioral control variable dealing with how easy respondents thought it was to do the effort. The model (R2=.337, adjusted R2=.327, p\u3c.01) significantly predicting respondents\u27 future capacity building intention total scores included 1 attitude variable (level of agreement that doing the future effort was a good idea, (â = .389, p\u3c.01), 1 norm variable (level of agreement with the statement \u27It will be expected of me that I should do this capacity building effort.\u27 (â =.207, p\u3c.01), and three behavioral control variables (level of agreement with the statements \u27I am confident that I can lead this change effort.\u27, (â =.233, p\u3c.01), \u27the decision to do this capacity building effort is within my control.\u27 (â =.156, p\u3c.01) and \u27Whether or not I do this effort is entirely up to me.\u27 (â =.131, p\u3c.05). Four modifiers explained the variance in the attitude variable. Eight modifiers explained the variance in the norm variable. Six modifiers explained the variance in the behavioral control variable dealing with confident, four modifiers were correlated with the behavioral control variable dealing with feelings of amount of control, and four modifiers explained the variance in respondents degree of agreement that it was entirely up to them as to whether or not they did the future capacity building effort. Other findings included that the size of the organization made a difference in the types of capacity building done over the past five years. The amount of capacity building done over the past five years was significantly associated with growth or decline over the past five years in programs, budget size, donors, and clients. Those organizations that had done three or four types of capacity building over the past five years showed growth and those that did two or fewer types of capacity building experienced no growth or decline. Respondents who had experienced success in past capacity building indicated they were likely to do a similar effort in the future. This study found some of the same findings as Light (2004) did and many that were different, probably due to the difference in sample characteristics

Biological synopsis of Australian herring (Arripis georgianus)

Arripis georgianus (‘Australian herring’) is targeted by commercial and recreational fishers in Western Australia (WA) and South Australia (SA). Historically, A. georgianus has been the most commonly retained species of finfish taken by shore- and boat-based recreational fishers in the West Coast Bioregion (WCB) and South Coast Bioregion (SCB) (Smith et al. 2013a) (Fig. 1). The species is harvested by several commercial fisheries which use shore-based netting methods (beach seine, haul and gill nets). Historically, the vast majority of the commercial fishery catch has been taken by the herring ‘trap net’ fishery which operates on various beaches near Albany (SCB)

Posebne potrebe, inkluzija in vključenost jezikov v izobraževanju v državah tretjega sveta: kolumbijski kontekst

This paper calls for a shift related to English language-in-education policy and inclusive education initiatives in Colombia to ensure that English language learners with disabilities receive equitable and inclusive classroom instruction that is context-appropriate. We call for English language initiatives and policies to draw from theories and practices from both the Global South and the Global North in order to teach towards inclusive education. Trends in both English language teaching and inclusive education have drawn upon the Global North for solutions, which cannot be systemised to fit one international standard. Instead, using the Colombian context as an example, the present paper suggests a localised approach to meeting the educational needs of English language learners that incorporates inclusive education at the institutional level. This model would favour the work of scholars within the region to ensure that all students receive equitable classroom instruction that builds in Global South epistemologies and localised ways of knowing. (DIPF/Orig.

The Road Between Now and Then (Original writing, Poetry).

Abstract Not Available. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-03, page: 0568. Adviser: Alistair MacLeod. Thesis (M.A.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2001

Seasonal distribution and population parameters of woodland caribou in central Manitoba: implications for forestry practices

Woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in the boreal forest are believed threatened by human encroachment and associated disturbances such as resource exploration and extraction. We radiocollared and monitored fifteen female woodland caribou in central Manitoba, from 1995 to 1997, to obtain information on their population range, seasonal distribution and movements in relation to forestry concerns. The population ranged over 4600 km2 within a large peatland system and concentrated their activities in two areas for both the summer and winter seasons. Females were relatively more solitary during the summer and exhibited fidelity to specific calving and summering areas averaging 83.4 km2. Individual wintering locations varied between years and among individuals. Post-rut and pre-calving mixed-sex aggregations occurred on the southern portion of the herds range. Caribou from the northern part of the range utilized a traditional travel corridor moving as far as 65 km to access the aggregation areas and their summer or winter ranges. Adult survival during the study period averaged 0.90 (95% CI, 0.80-1.00). Survival of the 1995 cohort appeared to be high as indicated by the 0.65:1 calf-cow ratio, and 30 ± 7% calf composition of observed caribou in the autumn of 1995. The annual rate of change (A,) of 1.19 (95% CI, 1.02-1.36) from January to November of 1995 indicated rhat the population was increasing at that time

Implementing school-based interventions for mental health: a research portfolio

Background: Difficulties with anxiety among children and young people are common and can impact upon their developmental trajectory leading to adverse outcomes in later life. There is, therefore, a need to increase access to early intervention services. Existing research has indicated that school-based cognitive behavioural interventions are effective for children and young people experiencing difficulties with anxiety, yet there remains a proportion of the population for whom they are not effective. In addition, there is a lack of research on how these may be implemented in real world settings as opposed to a research trial. The present research focuses on the provision of cognitive behavioural school-based interventions in two parts: a systematic review of psychological, interpersonal and social variables as predictors, mediators and moderators of mental health outcomes following a school-based intervention and an empirical mixed methods evaluation of the facilitators and barriers to the implementation of a school-based intervention. Method: A systematic search of electronic databases for studies examining interpersonal, psychological and social predictors, moderators and mediators of mental health outcome following school-based cognitive behavioural interventions was conducted. Effect sizes for these analyses were calculated and the quality of eligible studies was assessed using a standardised rating tool. Within the empirical project, the implementation of a school-based cognitive behavioural intervention was evaluated through a mixed methods approach. Semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in the intervention were analysed using grounded theory integrated with framework analysis. Quantitative data on the reach of the intervention, practitioner evaluation of training and coaching as well as routine outcome measures from children and young people receiving the intervention was collected. Results: Within the systematic review, twenty-two studies (N=22) met the predefined eligibility criteria. There was heterogeneity in the variables explored, effect size of these on treatment outcome and the quality of the literature within the included studies. Cognitive style was found to mediate treatment outcome, but there was limited evidence for other predictors, mediators and moderators of treatment outcome within the review. Quantitative results of the empirical project indicated that the model of the intervention was acceptable to both practitioners and children and young people, and preliminary data indicated a significant improvement in mental health outcomes. Facilitators that emerged from qualitative data included an enabling context, therapeutic engagement, motivation and congruence, self-efficacy and containment and encouragement. The exclusivity of the intervention, a lack of systemic understanding and transparency as well as demands and pressure on resources were barriers to implementation. Conclusions: Although preliminary evidence for potential predictors, mediators and moderators is presented, further research with improvements in the design and reporting of explanatory variables on treatment outcome is required prior to informing clinical decision-making. The successful implementation of school-based interventions requires multi-agency integration and collaboration as well as on-going support in managing systemic pressures and skill development

Dietary choices of New Zealand women during pregnancy and lactation : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nutrition and Dietetics at Massey University, Albany, New Zealand

Background: A woman and her offspring’s health is affected by the maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation. Because of the importance of the diet, there is a large emphasis on women making optimal dietary choices, as recommended by specific guidelines, in pregnancy and lactation. Dietary recommendations are different from other life stages because of altered nutrient requirements and a heightened need for food safety practices. Currently, there is limited evidence available about dietary choices, food safety practices, and sources of nutrition information of New Zealand women during pregnancy and lactation. This information is important to inform strategies to improve the support that women receive during pregnancy and lactation as it identifies what recommendations are currently being effectively communicated. Aim: To investigate New Zealand women’s dietary choices, food safety practices, and sources of nutrition information during pregnancy and lactation. Methods: Women from New Zealand were invited to participate in this observational study between January and June 2019. Participants were required to be pregnant or within six months postpartum. Women completed a demographic, pregnancy food frequency, and food choice questionnaire during or retrospectively to their pregnancy. Postpartum women also completed a lactation food frequency and food choice questionnaire. Results: Women (n=458) consumed a range of foods from the four food groups (fruit and vegetables, breads and cereals, milk and milk products, and meat/meat alternatives/eggs). A large percentage reported adding or increasing, limiting, and avoiding foods. Cow’s milk, the most frequently daily consumed dairy product, was more commonly reported in pregnancy (93%) than lactation (64%). A range of fruit, vegetables, protein, and grain foods were consumed daily in pregnancy and lactation. The majority of women followed food safety recommendations in particular avoidance of alcohol (92%), raw milk products (86%), and raw/smoked/precooked fish/seafood (84%). Dietary information was acquired from a range of sources. The greatest dietary influences included midwives, New Zealand pregnancy and breastfeeding guidelines, and family/friends. Women also frequently reported receiving dietary advice from their lead maternal carer, handouts, the internet, and alternative health practitioners. During lactation, women received information from more potentially unreliable sources including family/ friends, the internet, and alternative health practitioners. Infant symptoms also frequently affected women’s food choices in lactation. Conclusion: Women implement significant dietary changes during pregnancy and lactation. Women are likely to add, remove, and limit food during pregnancy following the New Zealand pregnancy guidelines; advice from health professionals, the internet, magazines/books/newspapers; or because of food safety concerns. Lactating women are likely to make dietary changes because of infant symptoms or advice received from midwives, alternative health practitioners, family/ friends, and the internet

Deciphering French Decentralization Efforts and Economic Attractivity Through the Evaluation of France\u27s Lyonnaise Region

France has long been a country politically and economically dominated by its largest city: Paris. This dynamic seemed natural for an absolute monarchy and a subsequent empire that sought centralized administration, but in the second half of the twentieth century there were increasing calls for regional solidarity and a more active industrial policy to develop metropolitan France beyond the Paris basin.The objectives of the French government seem two-fold: to lean on and expand the economic strength of the Paris region while increasing the economic dynamism of the various other large agglomerations. But in an economy already so dominated by the capital city and an approaching 2024 Olympic Games only reinforcing this paradigm, the question of how effective these decentralization efforts have been thus far naturally arises. The purpose of this article will be to evaluate the Lyonnaise region, primarily known as the Métropole de Lyon, in order to respond to the question: to what extent is the Lyonnaise region an attractive economic region in the context of the French economy and European integration? Answering this question will subsequently provide insightful reflections on the success of the decentralization efforts of previous decades and on the ability of metropolitan France to host multiple attractive regions outside of Paris

Towards a Linked Infrastructure for Networked Cultural Scholarship

This set of slides presenting the case for and providing an introduction to the Linked Infrastructure for Networked Cultural Scholarship (LINCS) initiative, a Canadian venture to produce a robust infrastructure for the creation, dissemination, and use of Linked Open Data (LOD) for the humanities. From articulating the need for such an infrastructure, it moves into a brief summary of LINCS, outlining the opportunities and challenges associated with the heterogeneity of datasets mobilized by LOD, the need to produce LOD that reflects diverse perspectives and approaches, and the barriers to participation for those representing marginalized identities in such critical infrastructure projects