2,185 research outputs found
Magnetic phases and reorientation transitions in antiferromagnetically coupled multilayers
In antiferromagnetically coupled superlattices grown on (001) faces of cubic
substrates, e.g. based on materials combinations as Co/Cu, Fe/Si, Co/Cr, or
Fe/Cr, the magnetic states evolve under competing influence of bilinear and
biquadratic exchange interactions, surface-enhanced four-fold in-plane
anisotropy, and specific finite-size effects. Using phenomenological
(micromagnetic) theory, a comprehensive survey of the magnetic states and
reorientation transitions has been carried out for multilayer systems with even
number of ferromagnetic sub-layers and magnetizations in the plane. In
two-layer systems (N=2) the phase diagrams in dependence on components of the
applied field in the plane include ``swallow-tail'' type regions of
(metastable) multistate co-existence and a number of continuous and
discontinuous reorientation transitions induced by radial and transversal
components of the applied field. In multilayers (N \ge 4) noncollinear states
are spatially inhomogeneous with magnetization varying across the multilayer
stack. For weak four-fold anisotropy the magnetic states under influence of an
applied field evolve by a complex continuous reorientation into the saturated
state. At higher anisotropy they transform into various inhomogeneous and
asymmetric structures. The discontinuous transitions between the magnetic
states in these two-layers and multilayers are characterized by broad ranges of
multi-phase coexistence of the (metastable) states and give rise to specific
transitional domain structures.Comment: Manuscript 34 pages, 14 figures; submitted for publicatio
The Technology of The Manufacturing Thin Wire of TiNi-based Alloys by Using Infrared Radiation
The paper describes the technology of manufacturing a thin nickel-titanium wire through direct exposure to infrared radiation (IR). The effect of IR on the change in the structure of a thin wire made from the TiNi-based alloy was studied during its manufacturing. A comparative analysis of the Ti, Ni and O concentration in the TiNi wire was carried out. The analysis was performed for both a thin wire exposed to infrared radiation and that not exposed to infrared radiation. The wire samples were studied using a scanning electron microscope with the energy dispersive analysis. The infrared radiation effect on the structure of the wire is shown after thermal treatment in the local area of the material
Carbohydrate Intake in Early Childhood and Body Composition and Metabolic Health: Results from the Generation R Study
High sugar intake in childhood has been linked to obesity. However, the role of
macronutrient substitutions and associations with metabolic health remain unclear. We examined
associations of carbohydrate intake and its subtypes with body composition and metabolic health
among 3573 children participating in a population-based cohort in the Netherlands. Intake of total
carbohydrate, monosaccharides and disaccharides, and polysaccharides at age 1 year was assessed
with a food-frequency questionnaire. We repeatedly measured childrenâs height and weight to
calculate BMI between their ages of 1 and 10 years. At ages 6 and 10 years, fat and fat-free mass
were measured with dual-energy X-ray-absorptiometry and blood concentrations of triglycerides,
cholesterol, and insulin were obtained. For all outcomes, we calculated age and sexspecific SD-scores.
In multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models, we found no associations of intake of carbohydrates
or its subtypes with childrenâs BMI or body composition. A higher intake of monosaccharides
and disaccharides was associated with higher triglyceride concentrations (0.02 SDS per 10 g/day,
95% CI: 0.01, 0.04). Higher monosaccharide and disaccharide intake was also associated with lower
HDL-cholesterol (â0.03 SDS, 95% CI: â0.04; â0.01), especially when it replaced polysaccharides.
Overall, our findings suggest associations of higher monosaccharide and disaccharide intake in early
childhood with higher triglyceride and lower HDL-choleste
Genetic diversity analysis of Indonesian rice germplasm (Oryza sativa L.) with simple sequence repeat markers
Received: April 5th, 2022 ; Accepted: July 20th, 2022 ; Published: August 18th, 2022 ; Correspondence: [email protected] characterization of germplasm provides information on the regional rice genetic
diversity and variety kinship classification. This study aimed to provide information on the agromorphological traits and genetic diversity of fifty local rice varieties from Java and Borneo Island
in Indonesia. The variability of thirteen agronomic traits showed the differentiation among t
he accessions, while the phenotypic traits were grouped into six clusters. The genotyping
characterization was conducted using SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) markers (22 microsatellites),
and continued with genetic diversity and Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) analysis. The
agro-morphological clustering based on Wardâs Hierarchical constructed six sub-clusters. The
PC1 and PC2 had 86.3% of the total percentage. The UPGMA method was used to construct
six different groupings, as the correlation between each group and its collecting source was
significant. Furthermore, the UPGMA dendrogram clustered the 50 accessions into six main
clusters, while the PIC showed a polymorphism value range of 0.41â0.74. RM162 located on
chromosome 5, which was considered as the best marker for fifty-one genotypes. At the same
time, the lowest PIC value of 0.41 was observed in RM431 located in chromosome 1. This
classification can be helpful as a detailed information for plant breeders to characterize and select
the germplasm, while conducting backcrosses between rice accessions
Diagnosis and combined treatment of patients with locally advanced prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is one of the most urgent problems of modern oncology. The article provides an overview of the methods of treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer, comparative characteristics, the advantages of both independent and combined methods. The results of multicenter studies have been stated
Use of ultrasonographic examination in sheep veterinary practice
This review describes the current, emerging and potential applications of ultrasonography in the field of first-opinion sheep veterinary practice. The most widespread application is pregnancy diagnosis, where both transrectal and transabdominal ultrasonography offer a highly sensitive tool for, among others, detection of pregnancy, identification of foetal number and diagnosis of uterine abnormalities, e.g., metritis. The diagnostic applications of ultrasonography for imaging the lungs, heart, male genitourinary system and superficial swellings are also described. Through review of recent research in sheep and by analogy from applications in other animal species, the potential role of ultrasonography in screening programmes for cystic echinococcosis or ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma, diagnosis of ocular and laryngeal disease and localisation of Coenurus cysts is explored
Evaluation of the low-lying energy levels of two- and three-electron configurations for multi-charged ions
Accurate QED evaluations of the one- and two-photon interelectron interaction
for low lying two- and three-electron configurations for ions with nuclear
charge numbers are performed. The three-photon interaction is
also partly taken into account. The Coulomb gauge is employed. The results are
compared with available experimental data and with different calculations. A
detailed investigation of the behaviour of the energy levels of the
configurations , near
the crossing points Z=64 and Z=92 is carried out. The crossing points are
important for the future experimental search for parity nonconserving (PNC)
effects in highly charged ions
Abelian and Non-Abelian Induced Parity Breaking Terms at Finite Temperature
We compute the exact canonically induced parity breaking part of the
effective action for 2+1 massive fermions in particular Abelian and non Abelian
gauge field backgrounds. The method of computation resorts to the chiral
anomaly of the dimensionally reduced theory.Comment: 13 pages, RevTeX, no figure
Three-Dimensional Structure of Ito Kv4.2-KChIP2 Ion Channels by Electron Microscopy at 21 Ă Resolution
AbstractRegulatory KChIP2 subunits assemble with pore-forming Kv4.2 subunits in 4:4 complexes to produce native voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels like cardiac Ito and neuronal IA subtypes. Here, negative stain electron microscopy (EM) and single particle averaging reveal KChIP2 to create a novel âŒ35 Ă 115 Ă 115 Ă
, intracellular fenestrated rotunda: four peripheral columns that extend down from the membrane-embedded portion of the channel to enclose the Kv4.2 âhanging gondolaâ (a platform held beneath the transmembrane conduction pore by four internal columns). To reach the pore from the cytosol, ions traverse one of four external fenestrae to enter the rotundal vestibule and then cross one of four internal windows in the gondola
Slowly rotating charged black holes in anti-de Sitter third order Lovelock gravity
In this paper, we study slowly rotating black hole solutions in Lovelock
gravity (n=3). These exact slowly rotating black hole solutions are obtained in
uncharged and charged cases, respectively. Up to the linear order of the
rotating parameter a, the mass, Hawking temperature and entropy of the
uncharged black holes get no corrections from rotation. In charged case, we
compute magnetic dipole moment and gyromagnetic ratio of the black holes. It is
shown that the gyromagnetic ratio keeps invariant after introducing the
Gauss-Bonnet and third order Lovelock interactions.Comment: 14 pages, no figur
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