3,054 research outputs found
Non-Abelian statistics in the interference noise of the Moore-Read quantum Hall state
We propose noise oscillation measurements in a double point contact,
accessible with current technology, to seek for a signature of the non-abelian
nature of the \nu=5/2 quantum Hall state. Calculating the voltage and
temperature dependence of the current and noise oscillations, we predict the
non-abelian nature to materialize through a multiplicity of the possible
outcomes: two qualitatively different frequency dependences of the nonzero
interference noise. Comparison between our predictions for the Moore-Read state
with experiments on \nu=5/2 will serve as a much needed test for the nature of
the \nu=5/2 quantum Hall state.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures v2: typo's corrected, discussions clarified,
references adde
Maximizing total job value on a single machine with job selection
This paper describes a single machine scheduling problem of maximizing total job value with a machine availability constraint. The value of each job decreases over time in a stepwise fashion. Several solution properties of the problem are developed. Based on the properties, a branch-and-bound algorithm and a heuristic algorithm are derived. These algorithms are evaluated in the computational study and the results show that the heuristic algorithm provides effective solutions within short computation times
Effect of Rossby and Alfv\'{e}n waves on the dynamics of the tachocline
To understand magnetic diffusion, momentum transport, and mixing in the
interior of the sun, we consider an idealized model of the tachocline, namely
magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) turbulence on a plane subject to a large
scale shear (provided by the latitudinal differential rotation). This model
enables us to self-consistently derive the influence of shear, Rossby and
Alfv\'{e}n waves on the transport properties of turbulence. In the strong
magnetic field regime, we find that the turbulent viscosity and diffusivity are
reduced by magnetic fields only, similarly to the two-dimensional MHD case
(without Rossby waves). In the weak magnetic field regime, we find a crossover
scale () from a Alfv\'{e}n dominated regime (on small scales) to a Rossby
dominated regime (on large scales). For parameter values typical of the
tachocline, is larger that the solar radius so that Rossby waves are
unlikely to play an important role in the transport of magnetic field and
angular momentum. This is mainly due to the enhancement of magnetic
back-reaction by shearing which efficiently generates small scales, thus strong
currents
Non-perturbative statistical theory of intermittency in ITG drift wave turbulence with zonal flows
The probability distribution functions (PDFs) of momentum flux and zonal flow formation in ion-temperature-gradient (ITG) turbulence are investigated in two different models. The first is a general five-field model (ni, , Ti, Te, vi) where a reductive perturbation method is used to derive dynamical equations for drift waves and a zonal flow. The second is a reduced two-field model (, Ti) that has an exact non-linear solution (bipolar vortex soliton). In both models the exponential tails of the zonal flow PDFs are found with the same scaling ( ), but with different coefficients cZF. The PDFs of momentum flux is, however, found to be qualitatively different with the scaling (PDF ~ exp{−cMRs}), where s = 2 and s = 3/2 in the five and two-field models, respectively
Mass Customization of Activewear: Gender and Regional Differences
The purpose of this research was to examine how gender and regional differences between consumers influence their preferences for customizing their activewear and willingness to use body scanning and co-design
Soft x-ray polarizer for optical productions of any orthogonal state of the linear and circular polarization modes
An efficient soft x-ray polarizer that is able to optically convert a linear polarization state to any orthogonal state of not only linear but also circular polarization modes is found by means of numerical calculations of the intensities of individual orthogonal polarization components in reflected waves. Calculation results, using the known linear-polarization-mode based Kerr matrix as well as a newly derived circular-polarization-mode based Kerr matrix, indicate that a +45?? or -45?? linearly polarized incident wave can be readily converted to any orthogonal states of both circular and linear polarization modes, i.e., left- and right-handed circular and s - and p -linear polarizations through reflection, at certain grazing angles of incidence near the critical angle from a simple ferromagnetic thin film of Co (9.0 nm) Si substrate. The intensities of almost pure circularly or linearly polarized reflected waves are about 10% or less in a certain spectral soft x-ray range just below the absorption edges of constituent magnetic elements. The counterpart orthogonal states of the linear as well as circular modes can be rapidly switched simply by reversing oppositely the orientation of longitudinal magnetizations. These results suggest that the orthogonal polarization states of the circular- and linear-polarization modes converted from such a polarizing optical element through reflection can be practically used in probing the vector quantities of element specific magnetizations in multicomponent magnetic materials.open2
Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Methods for Diagnosis of Bacterial Meningitis
The rapid, accurate, and efficient identification of an infectious disease is critical to ensure timely clinical treatment and prevention in public health settings. In 2015, meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis was responsible for 379,200 (range: 322,700–444,700) deaths. Clinical features alone cannot determine whether bacterial meningitis is present; an analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is essential. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a nucleic acid amplification method offering an alternative to polymerase chain reaction (PCR). LAMP-based assays for detection of three leading bacteria in CSF for diagnosis of meningitis have been established. The typing assays using LAMP for detection of meningococcal serogroups A, B, C, W, X, and Y as well as H. influenzae serotypes a, b, c, d, e, and f were launched. In comparative analysis of the meningitis pathogen assays, LAMP assays did not yield false negative results, and the detection rate of LAMP assays was superior compared with PCR or conventional culture methods. LAMP assays provide accurate and rapid test results to detect major bacterial meningitis pathogens. Accumulating evidence suggests that LAMP assays have the potential to provide urgently needed diagnostics for bacterial meningitis in resource-limited settings of both developed and developing countries
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