12 research outputs found
Nutritional Status of Infants and Some Related Risk Factors in Shahroud, Iran
Get PDFBackground: This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of children under two years old in two time periods in 1995 and 2016 in rural areas of Shahroud.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive analytical study enrolled 1443 participants selected by cluster sampling in 1995 and 2016. We calculated the mean standard deviation of weight for age, height for age, and weight for height and compared them with international reference values (WHO/NCHS). The obtained values which were two standard deviations below the mean reference values were defined as wasting, underweight, and stunting. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS software at a significance level of 0.05 using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and regression analysis.Results: In this study, 1443 children under two years old were studied over two time periods in 1995 and 2016. The results showed 14.9%, 29.5%, and 7.3%, in 1995 and 9.2%, 10.1%, and 4% in 2016 suffered from underweight, wasting, and stunting, respectively. Among the factors involved in malnutrition in 1995 were parents’ education, family size, child gender, birth order, type of the first complementary food, diarrhea, acute respiratory infection in the two weeks prior to the study, and exclusive breastfeeding. In 2016, we observed significant relationships between the body mass index (BMI), underweight, wasting, exclusive breastfeeding, and all three types of malnutrition.Conclusions: Despite a reduction in the prevalence of different types of malnutrition, it is still a common problem. When designing such programs, special attention must be paid to promote breastfeeding
Nutritional Status of Infants and Some Related Risk Factors in Shahroud, Iran
Get PDFBackground: This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of children under two years old in two time periods in 1995 and 2016 in rural areas of Shahroud.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive analytical study enrolled 1443 participants selected by cluster sampling in 1995 and 2016. We calculated the mean standard deviation of weight for age, height for age, and weight for height and compared them with international reference values (WHO/NCHS). The obtained values which were two standard deviations below the mean reference values were defined as wasting, underweight, and stunting. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS software at a significance level of 0.05 using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and regression analysis.Results: In this study, 1443 children under two years old were studied over two time periods in 1995 and 2016. The results showed 14.9%, 29.5%, and 7.3%, in 1995 and 9.2%, 10.1%, and 4% in 2016 suffered from underweight, wasting, and stunting, respectively. Among the factors involved in malnutrition in 1995 were parents’ education, family size, child gender, birth order, type of the first complementary food, diarrhea, acute respiratory infection in the two weeks prior to the study, and exclusive breastfeeding. In 2016, we observed significant relationships between the body mass index (BMI), underweight, wasting, exclusive breastfeeding, and all three types of malnutrition.Conclusions: Despite a reduction in the prevalence of different types of malnutrition, it is still a common problem. When designing such programs, special attention must be paid to promote breastfeeding
Sexual Dysfunctions and Some Related Factors in Northeast Part of Iran
Get PDFBackground: Sexual dysfunction is common in women and causes serious problems in their lives through affecting their physical and mental health, self-esteem and quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual dysfunction in women referred to health centers in north east of Iran in 2016.
Methods: The study was cross-sectional. The statistical population consisted of all married women referring to Shahroud health centers in 2016. A total of 478 married women were selected through multi-stage sampling and data extraction methods. Interviews and the (FSFI) questionnaire were used for data collection. Demographic information was also collected. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square and independent t-test.
Results: The frequency of sexual dysfunction was 48.5% (232/478), which was obtained for each domain as follows: sexual pain disorder 49.8% (238/478), orgasm disorder 51.0% (244/478), lubrication disorder 51.0% ( 244/478), sexual desire disorder 23.2% (111/478), and stimulation disorder 11.3% (54/478), respectively. In this study, sexual dysfunction was significantly associated with age (P≤/0/003) and education (P≤/0/001), but and there was no significant relationship with contraceptive methods or number of children (P≤/0/32).
Conclusions: According to research findings, the frequency of sexual dysfunction is relatively high in the community. It is suggested that counseling centers and sex education centers be established in health centers.
Keywords: Dysfunction, Female, Northeast, Relate, Sexual
Sexual Dysfunctions and Some Related Factors in Northeast Part of Iran
Get PDFBackground: Sexual dysfunction is common in women and causes serious problems in their lives through affecting their physical and mental health, self-esteem and quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual dysfunction in women referred to health centers in north east of Iran in 2016.
Methods: The study was cross-sectional. The statistical population consisted of all married women referring to Shahroud health centers in 2016. A total of 478 married women were selected through multi-stage sampling and data extraction methods. Interviews and the (FSFI) questionnaire were used for data collection. Demographic information was also collected. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square and independent t-test.
Results: The frequency of sexual dysfunction was 48.5% (232/478), which was obtained for each domain as follows: sexual pain disorder 49.8% (238/478), orgasm disorder 51.0% (244/478), lubrication disorder 51.0% ( 244/478), sexual desire disorder 23.2% (111/478), and stimulation disorder 11.3% (54/478), respectively. In this study, sexual dysfunction was significantly associated with age (P≤/0/003) and education (P≤/0/001), but and there was no significant relationship with contraceptive methods or number of children (P≤/0/32).
Conclusions: According to research findings, the frequency of sexual dysfunction is relatively high in the community. It is suggested that counseling centers and sex education centers be established in health centers.
Keywords: Dysfunction, Female, Northeast, Relate, Sexual
Prevalence and Covariates of Metabolic Syndrome among Elderly People Living in Nursing Homes, Semnan, Iran
Get PDFBackgrounds: The study aimed to determine the prevalence and covariates of metabolic syndrome among the elderly residents in nursing homes in Semnan Province, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among aged participants institutionalized in nursing home in 2018. The study participants’ characteristics were assessed using a demographic assessment form. Moreover, the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire, Mentally Assessing Nutritional Assessment (MANA), Katz's Index of Independence in Activity of Daily Living, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and well-being were applied to assess the participants’ physical and mental status. In addition, Para-clinical and biochemical tests for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome used based on the Adult Treatment Panel (ATPIII).
Results: In this study, of 129 eligible participants, 27.7% were suffering from metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of MS in male and female subjects were 26.6% and 28%, respectively. The results of the study indicated a significant relationship between metabolic syndrome and nutritional statues (Pvalue=0.004), mental status (Pvalue=0.001) and ADL (Pvalue=0.003). Moreover, the results showed no significant relationship between well-being and metabolic syndrome. Of all variables of the study, significant relationship between smoking habit, lack of daily activity, abdominal obesity, high systolic and blood pressure, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) HDL-cholesterol, Waist Circumference (WC), systole blood pressure (SBP) were found to be statistically significant.
Conclusions: The findings of the study indicated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among institutionalized elderlies is high. It is recommended to implement preventive and therapeutic measures in this vulnerable group of elderly people.
Key words: Metabolic Syndrome, Elderly People, Nursing Homes, Prevalenc
The Effect of Gradual Reduction in Sodium Dialysate on Occurrence of Muscular Cramp, and the Serum Level of Calcium and Magnesium in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Cross-Over Clinical Trial
Get PDFBackground: The aim of study was to determine the effect of gradual reduction in sodium dialysate on occurrence of muscular cramp, and the serum level of calcium and magnesium in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Methods: This triple-blinded cross-over clinical trial was conducted on 56 hemodialysis patients. After random allocation of patients into group A by the routine method (fixed sodium dialysate) and group B with gradual reduction in sodium dialysate, they underwent a 3-session dialysis. After one week of dialysis through routine method (wash out), patients underwent 3-session dialysis in group B by routine method and in group A by gradual reduction in sodium dialysate. Occurrence of muscular cramp was recorded by using a check list. Patients, serum level of calcium and magnesium before and after intervention was measured. Descriptive statistics indices and inferential statistics tests (repeated measures Analysis of variance) were used.
Results: The rate of muscular cramp in routine method was 3.8% in one muscle, 1.9% in two or more muscles, and in the method of gradual reduction of sodium dialysate was 1.9% in one muscle, and 7.5% in two or more muscles. The mean difference of plasma calcium and magnesium before and after the dialysis with routine method was 0.43 and 0.26, respectively, and in the method of gradual reduction of sodium dialysate was 0.45 and 0.34. In this study no significant difference was observed for the rate of occurrence of muscular cramp and serum level of calcium and magnesium between two methods.
Conclusions: The results showed that gradual reduction of sodium dialysate, has no effect on occurrence of muscular cramp during dialysis, serum level of calcium and magnesium in hemodialysis patients. Further investigations are needed to better understand the exact effect of this method, and also eliminate the study limitations.
Keywords: Calcium, Hemodialysis, Magnesium, Muscle cramp, Sodium dialysate
The Impact of the Gradual Reduction of Sodium Dialysis Fluid on Occurrence of the Hypotension and Plasma Sodium Level in Hemodialysis Patients
No full textBackground: Dialysis is the most common method of caring end-stage kidney disease, but it has some complications despite its several advantages. The aim of study was to investigate the impact of the gradual reduction of dialysate sodium on occurrence of the hypotension and plasma sodium in hemodialysis patients.
Methods: 56 hemodialysis patients participated in this randomized triple-blind crossover clinical trial. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of A and B. The routine method (Sodium Dialysis Solution) was performed on Group A, whereas the gradual reduction of sodium dialysis fluid was given to Group B for three sessions. These dialysis methods were again implemented three sessions, after one week of routine dialysis (Wash Out).The routine method (Sodium Dialysis Solution) was performed on Group B, and the gradual reduction of sodium dialysis fluid was performed on Group A, for three sessions. Patients' blood pressure was measured three separate times: 15 minutes before dialysis, during dialysis (first, second, third and fourth hours of dialysis) and 15 minutes after of it. Moreover, Patients' sodium level was also measured before and after the intervention. In this way, the descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (repeated measure analysis of covariance) were utilized to implement data analysis.
Results: in the case of routine method, the percentages of the prevalence of hypotension in above mentioned different hours were declared 6.2%, 26.6%, 44.5%, 32.8%, respectively. On the other hand, in the case of the gradual reduction of sodium dialysis fluid, these corresponding percentages were cleared 2.3%, 1.7%, 5.31%, 44.46%, respectively. The mean differences of plasma sodium before and after dialysis in the mentioned methods were obtained as 0.58 in the case of routine method, whereas it is 2.36 in the case of gradual reduction of sodium dialysis fluid method. In this research, there was no significant difference between the rate of hypotension and plasma sodium in the gradual reduction of sodium dialysis fluid by the routine method under 80% powers.
Conclusions: The experimental results revealed that a gradual reduction of the sodium dialysis fluid did not play a significant role in the reduction of blood pressure during dialysis and plasma sodium in hemodialysis patients. However, either confirmation or rejection of this issue will require further studies and resolving the limitations.
Keywords: Sodium Dialysis Fluid, Hypotension, Plasma Sodium, Hemodialysis
Prevalence and Covariates of Metabolic Syndrome among Elderly People Living in Nursing Homes, Semnan, Iran: Metabolic syndrome among elderly subjects
No full textBackgrounds: The study aimed to determine the prevalence and covariates of metabolic syndrome among the elderly residents in nursing homes in Semnan Province, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among aged participants institutionalized in nursing home in 2018. The study participants’ characteristics were assessed using a demographic assessment form. Moreover, the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire, Mentally Assessing Nutritional Assessment (MANA), Katz's Index of Independence in Activity of Daily Living, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and well-being were applied to assess the participants’ physical and mental status. In addition, Para-clinical and biochemical tests for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome used based on the Adult Treatment Panel (ATPIII).
Results: In this study, of 129 eligible participants, 27.7% were suffering from metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of MS in male and female subjects were 26.6% and 28%, respectively. The results of the study indicated a significant relationship between metabolic syndrome and nutritional statues (Pvalue=0.004), mental status (Pvalue=0.001) and ADL (Pvalue=0.003). Moreover, the results showed no significant relationship between well-being and metabolic syndrome. Of all variables of the study, significant relationship between smoking habit, lack of daily activity, abdominal obesity, high systolic and blood pressure, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) HDL-cholesterol, Waist Circumference (WC), systole blood pressure (SBP) were found to be statistically significant.
Conclusions: The findings of the study indicated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among institutionalized elderlies is high. It is recommended to implement preventive and therapeutic measures in this vulnerable group of elderly people.
Key words: Metabolic Syndrome, Elderly People, Nursing Homes, Prevalenc
