7 research outputs found
ΠΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ
Flora is an important component of ecosystems. Representatives of the old-field flora affect the direction and pace of ecosystem development. The old-field ecosystem is a unique place for research of its dynamics. Secondary autogenic succession occurs in the old fields of ecosystems. Here one can observe the influence of external factors on the course of succession, such as biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors. Therefore, the study of the old-fields flora is an important stage for the development of methods for forecasting the dynamics of ecosystems. Material of research can be used for phytoindication determination of ecosystem disturbances. The bioindicators the ratio between the different families of plants may be. However, the best indicator is the use of standard synphytoindication techniques. These data will allow building forecasts for the development of ecosystems in different environmental conditionsΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ² β Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡ
Π½ΡΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ. Π¦Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π±Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ², ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ²Π°Π³ΠΈ (Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
). ΠΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΠ³ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅
TEST MONITORING OF THE SPEECH COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS OF MODERN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
The object of research is the process of forming the spelling competence of future teachers of the New Ukrainian School.
Investigated problem. The spelling competence of students of higher education institutions as a component of linguistic and communication competence is presented in the article. The problem of the formation of linguistic and communicative competence, in particular spelling, is of particular relevance in connection with the introduction of the new edition of Ukrainian spelling. In the context of current requirements for the professional training of future specialists of the New Ukrainian School, the role of test monitoring as a form of diagnostics and control of spelling and punctuation literacy of higher education students is increasing, which allows to objectively evaluate the spelling of studentsβ skills, improve the organization of educational activities and in modern universities.
The main scientific results. A brief overview of the history of testing use in the educational process is provided in scientific intelligence. The positive and negative factors of the introduction of testing in the process of studying the spelling material of modern Ukrainian literary language are determined. Guidelines for the development of spelling test tasks in modern Ukrainian have been made. The article proposes test tasks of closed and open forms for monitoring the spelling knowledge, abilities and skills of students of institutions of higher education after studying the topic Β«Letter doublingΒ».
The field of practical use of research results. The results of the study can be used by teachers of higher education who are working on the problem of formation and improvement of spelling literacy of applicants for higher education institutions, as test monitoring allows promptly checking studentsβ educational achievements, determining how thoroughly and correctly each student has mastered one or another spelling knowledge, skills.
Innovative technological product. Test tasks of closed and open forms on the theme Β«Letter doublingΒ» are developed.
Scope of innovative technological product. The methodical recommendations for the development of spelling tests of modern Ukrainian language, the proposed test tasks on the subject of Β«Letter doublingΒ» can be applied in the study of such subjects as Β«Modern Ukrainian language with a practicumΒ», Β«Practice in Ukrainian spellingΒ» for students of specialty 013 Β«Primary educationΒ», 014 Β«Secondary educationΒ», specialization Β«Ukrainian language and literatureΒ» of higher education institutions
Neuropsychological Approach in the Study of Linguistic Phenomena in the Context of the Study of the Conceptual Sphere of Peopleβs Morality
The research focuses on the study of speech phenomena developed in the context of the conceptual sphere as an effective approach to the use of neuropsychology. Neuropsychology considers the acquisition of new knowledge on human perception and processing of new information as a separate mental process. This paper studies the formation of linguistic phenomena in the context of the cultural development of man, which in the course of evolutionary-historical process has created distinctive linguistic-ethnic linguistic images. The linguistic identity of man is created in the representation of man and is represented by a set of concepts, i.e. it is a conceptual sphere. The current state of the humanities has led to the relevance of ethno linguistic studies, which present the results of studies of the reflection in the national consciousness of extra linguistic phenomena that form the basis for a holistic worldview and function as concepts. The latter are cultural, mental and linguistic phenomena that are integral mental-linguistic constructs, but can be studied for each of the components, including language. Cognitive experience, which can be identified and analyzed in language phenomena, is a verbalized (fixed to a bilateral linguistic unit) reflection of sensual and rational experiences of an individual (group, society, ethnicity) of a number of events, impressions, often located in speech - in dialect, literary language, the carrier of which he is). General scientific and special linguistic methods will ensure the complexity of the study of verbalizers of the concepts of folk morality.Β </em
Dynamics of Flora in the Old-field Ecosystem Ukrainian Polissya
Flora is an important component of ecosystems. Representatives of the old-field flora affect the direction and pace of ecosystem development. The old-field ecosystem is a unique place for research of its dynamics. Secondary autogenic succession occurs in the old fields of ecosystems. Here one can observe the influence of external factors on the course of succession, such as biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors. Therefore, the study of the old-fields flora is an important stage for the development of methods for forecasting the dynamics of ecosystems. Material of research can be used for phytoindication determination of ecosystem disturbances. The bioindicators the ratio between the different families of plants may be. However, the best indicator is the use of standard synphytoindication techniques. These data will allow building forecasts for the development of ecosystems in different environmental condition
Π€ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ
The publication discusses the study results of energy dynamics in ecosystems. The goal of the study is to search for objective parameters to determine the indicator of the ecosystem dynamics and basing on the above-ground phytomass quantitative indices, its age and changes of floristic composition we demonstrate the possibility of the accurate phytoindication assessment of ecosystems dynamics. It is determined that the indicators of above-ground phytomass naturally increase during self-development of natural ecosystems (autogenic succession).Materials and methods. The above-ground phytomass is measured in ecosystems that are at different stages of autogenic succession. In order to balance the fluctuation of the indicators, that was caused by the domination of species with different types of photosynthesis, the correction for the age of the above-ground phytomass was used.Results. The dynamics indicator increases during the autogenic succession. External influences deflect it from the main trend. The anthropogenic influence often displaces succession in the opposite direction. The method was tested on the territory of Right-Bank Ukrainian Polissia. Expansion of the database of results of dynamic indicator determination allows to calculate this indicator with accuracy sufficient for practical and theoretical purposes. Such methods allow studying ecosystem thermodynamics (entropy and energy stocks) and ecosystem dynamics in noninvasive and non-contact way without affecting of plant biodiversity. Such approaches could be the most suitable for conducting studies on natural protected areas. Within such objects, it is not allowed to remove the above-ground phytomass, to determine the energy and dynamic indicators.Conclusion. The unit that will correspond the self-development stage, is an index that is directly proportional to the aboveground phytomass quantity and its age. The ecosystem entropy value will be inversely proportional to the self-development stage index. This index can be determined by classical phytoindication methods upon detailed database availability. Measurement errors, associated with phytoindication method range from 3 % to 10 % comparing to 5-10 % for direct method, are commensurate. The phytoindication approach allows application of this methodology on the protected areas. The index of the ecosystems self-development stage can be used to predict the development of specific studied plots and for the needs of ecosystem classificationΠ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ: Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ, Π΅Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°, Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ (Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ).ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π±Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π°, Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΡ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½Π΅. Π Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π°Π·Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ (Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ) Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π±Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΌ, Π±Π΅Π· Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ½ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ, Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ.ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π΅Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π±Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ 3 % -10 %. ΠΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ Π² Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
, Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ
, Π² Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅. ΠΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ£ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈ Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ, ΡΡ Π²ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ° Π·ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ, Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΄ ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ (Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ).ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΠΌΡΡΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π² Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΡΡΡ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ², Π²ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠ· ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ, Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΡ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠΊ Π½Π°Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΄ ΡΠ°Ρ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡΠ½Ρ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Ρ
ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Ρ. ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π·ΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π£ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ. Π ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ· Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ. Π¦Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ (Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡ ΠΉ Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΡ) ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠΎΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½. ΠΡΠ½ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ. Π ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±βΡΠΊΡΡΠ² Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½Ρ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡ, Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ².ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π½Π° Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΡΡ Π²ΡΠΊΡ. ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΡ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ. Π¦Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΈΠΌΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ 3 %-10 %. ΠΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌΠΎ ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΄ ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈ Π² Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
, Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ»ΡΡ
, Π² Π»ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΎ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π°Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ· Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡΠ»Π»Ρ
Lumbricides as a bio-indicators of the influence of electrical transmission line in the conditions of Ukrainian Polissia
The complex interaction of a man and the environment requires the creation of algorithms for predict- ing the effects of anthropogenic impact. This requires the creation of the ecosystem models where all their basic elements and relationships are taken into account. One of the most effective methods for choosing the most informative differential elements of a system is the development and the implemen- tation of bio-indication models. Nowadays the important task is the development of the bio-indication methods for various anthropogenic complex effects.The electrical transmission lines carry out a specific integrated environmental impact. It is created on the changes in the environment under the influence of magnetic and electric fields and the long-term consequences of their interaction with ecosystem components. This effect is negative for the most representatives of biota and for earthworms in particular. We observe how the number of species de- creases, the species diversity reduces and the morphological parameters change towards species with a shorter body length under reaching the electrical transmission lines.Some genera of the earthworms are able to survive under the effects of the modern electrical transmis- sion lines, although this reflects their abundance and morphological parameters. These species include Aporrectodea caliginosa and Aporrectodea trapezoides. They can be used as diagnostic genera of impact of the electrical transmission lines on biota. They can be genera indicators for the determination of the effect of the electrical transmission lines. The presence of Lumbricus terrestris shows the low electrical transmission line effects, and the presence of Aporrectodea roseΠ° or Aporrectodea longΠ° shows low or moderate effects.We can create bioindication models according to the relations between groups of species of dominant and subdominant specimens formed by the body size. Under the condition of creating a wide data-base and establishing the vitality parameters, it is possible to develop more advanced and efficient algorithms for the synbioindicator analysis of the impact of the electrical transmission lines on the environment